K409 -Exam 1 Test Questions and All
Correct Answers.
fast twitch a - Answer type of muscle fiber that makes up 25% of all muscle fibers
fast twitch x - Answer type of muscle fiber that makes up about 22-24% of all muscle fibers
fast twitch c - Answer type of muscle fiber that makes up 1-3% of all muscle fibers
myosin ATPase - Answer Muscle fiber types are identified in the lab by a chemical stain that
acts on _______, or by gel electrophoresis
genetics - Answer muscle fiber type is mainly determined by ______
motor neuron - Answer Muscle fibers differentiate between ST and FT based on the _______
that stimulates them.
training - Answer With ____, FT fibers can convert from FTx to FTa.
detraining - Answer With ____, FT fibers can convert from FTa to FTx.
elite - Answer Although training certainly enhances athletic performance, for success at ____
levels in certain sports, a particular fiber type distribution is likely "required"
fiber type distribution - Answer __________ alone is not a reliable predictor of athletic
success.
motor unit - Answer a motor neuron and all of the fibers that neuron innervates
minimum neural stimulus - Answer a _______ is needed to elicit a muscular contraction
order of muscle contraction - Answer threshold stimulus
depolorization
action potential
repolarization
refractory period
, resting state
all-or-none - Answer The output of a motor unit is _____.
asynchronous firing - Answer pattern of motor unit firing in which different motor units fire
at offset times; allows for muscle tension to be maintained by some motor units firing while
others recover; seen in endurance exercise
synchronous firing - Answer pattern of motor unit firing in which different motor units fire at
the same time; allows for a maximal state of muscle tension for a very brief period of time; seen
in weight lifting
Henneman's Size Principle (Principle of Orderly Recruitment of Motor Units) - Answer
principle that states that motor units are recruited in order of the size of the motor neuron
hypertrophy - Answer increase in muscle size; results from a net increase in muscle protein
synthesis
neural adaptations - Answer The majority of strength gains seen in the first ~6 weeks of
strength training are due to _____; muscle hypertrophy plays a small role in strength gain
trapped plasma - Answer Muscles look better/bigger right after a workout because of
________.
transient hypertrophy - Answer type of hypertrophy that occurs during a single exercise
bout; due to fluid accumulation (from the plasma) in the muscle tissue; lasts only a short time
chronic hypertrophy - Answer type of hypertrophy that occurs after long term strength
training (takes about 8 weeks to notice); can occur from more myofibrils, more actin and myosin
filaments, more sarcoplasm, more connective tissue
degraded (catabolized) - Answer During exercise, muscle protein is ____
synthesized (anabolized) - Answer During recovery, muscle protein is ____
testosterone - Answer The process of muscle protein degrading and synthesizing is
controlled/influenced by ____.
Correct Answers.
fast twitch a - Answer type of muscle fiber that makes up 25% of all muscle fibers
fast twitch x - Answer type of muscle fiber that makes up about 22-24% of all muscle fibers
fast twitch c - Answer type of muscle fiber that makes up 1-3% of all muscle fibers
myosin ATPase - Answer Muscle fiber types are identified in the lab by a chemical stain that
acts on _______, or by gel electrophoresis
genetics - Answer muscle fiber type is mainly determined by ______
motor neuron - Answer Muscle fibers differentiate between ST and FT based on the _______
that stimulates them.
training - Answer With ____, FT fibers can convert from FTx to FTa.
detraining - Answer With ____, FT fibers can convert from FTa to FTx.
elite - Answer Although training certainly enhances athletic performance, for success at ____
levels in certain sports, a particular fiber type distribution is likely "required"
fiber type distribution - Answer __________ alone is not a reliable predictor of athletic
success.
motor unit - Answer a motor neuron and all of the fibers that neuron innervates
minimum neural stimulus - Answer a _______ is needed to elicit a muscular contraction
order of muscle contraction - Answer threshold stimulus
depolorization
action potential
repolarization
refractory period
, resting state
all-or-none - Answer The output of a motor unit is _____.
asynchronous firing - Answer pattern of motor unit firing in which different motor units fire
at offset times; allows for muscle tension to be maintained by some motor units firing while
others recover; seen in endurance exercise
synchronous firing - Answer pattern of motor unit firing in which different motor units fire at
the same time; allows for a maximal state of muscle tension for a very brief period of time; seen
in weight lifting
Henneman's Size Principle (Principle of Orderly Recruitment of Motor Units) - Answer
principle that states that motor units are recruited in order of the size of the motor neuron
hypertrophy - Answer increase in muscle size; results from a net increase in muscle protein
synthesis
neural adaptations - Answer The majority of strength gains seen in the first ~6 weeks of
strength training are due to _____; muscle hypertrophy plays a small role in strength gain
trapped plasma - Answer Muscles look better/bigger right after a workout because of
________.
transient hypertrophy - Answer type of hypertrophy that occurs during a single exercise
bout; due to fluid accumulation (from the plasma) in the muscle tissue; lasts only a short time
chronic hypertrophy - Answer type of hypertrophy that occurs after long term strength
training (takes about 8 weeks to notice); can occur from more myofibrils, more actin and myosin
filaments, more sarcoplasm, more connective tissue
degraded (catabolized) - Answer During exercise, muscle protein is ____
synthesized (anabolized) - Answer During recovery, muscle protein is ____
testosterone - Answer The process of muscle protein degrading and synthesizing is
controlled/influenced by ____.
