EARTH SCIENCE
GRADE 10 SCIENCE HIGH SCHOOL 4TH QUARTER
Topic Overview TERM INFO
★ Arctic Ridge - slowest rate, less
I. Tectonic Plates
A. Litospheric Plates than 2.5 cm per year.
1 B. Major Plates
C. Plate Movements
★ Eastern - near Easter Island
II. Plate Boundaries Pacific Rise in the south pacific
A. Convergent about 3,400 km west
2 B. Divergent of Chile.
C. Transform
- fastest rate, more
III. Earth Structure than 15 cm per year.
A. Layers of Earth
3 B. Discontinuities
C. S waves and P waves 15 Major Tectonic Plates
D. Convection Current
Primary: 8 Secondary:
IV. Plate Movement
Pacific plate Arabian plate
A. Seafloor Spreading
B. Earth’s Magnetic Field Eurasian plate Caribbean plate
African plate Cocos plate
4 C. Continental Drift
North American plate Indian plate
D. Philippine Archipelago
South American plate Juan de Fuca plate
Antarctic plate Philippine Sea plate
TECTONIC PLATES Indo Australian plate Scotia plate
Nazca plate
- Also called lithospheric plates
- It comes from the Greek word “tekton”
which means carpenter or builder.
- Used to describe the movement of the
lithosphere.
- Widely used for describing the physical
plates rather than their movement.
Lithospheric Plates
- Massive irregular slabs or segments of
solid rock that envelop the surface of
Earth.
- Constantly in motion relative to one
another as they ride atop a hotter, more
mobile material known as the
asthenosphere.
- In constant but slow motion.
- Earth is composed of 58 Lithospheric
Plates.
Molirae Yuri 1
, EARTH SCIENCE
GRADE 10 SCIENCE HIGH SCHOOL 4TH QUARTER
★ LOCATION OF VOLCANOES
Plate Movements - Arc volcanoes usually form at subduction
★ Collision Zones zones.
- Occurs when tectonic plates meet at a - Hotspot volcanoes are located in the plate
convergent boundary both bearing interiors.
continental lithosphere. - Volcanoes are not randomly distributed,
- All subduction zones are collision zones unlike earthquakes.
but not all collision zones are subduction - The majority of volcanoes are found
zones along the edges of the continents.
- Types:
● Continental-continental ★ LOCATION OF MOUNTAIN RANGES
● Oceanic-oceanic - Occurs from the collision of
● continental-oceanic continental-continental collision zones.
- OC-OC and CO-OC are both subduction
zones.
SIDE NOTE
★ Subduction Zones
Earthquake epicenters, volcanoes, and
- A spot where two tectonic plates collide
mountain ranges are located along plate
and one dives, or subducts, beneath the
boundaries.
other.
- Create deep focus earthquakes.
As plates interact along their margins,
important geological processes take place.
SHALLOW FOCUS DEEP FOCUS
Occur at depths less Occur at greater focal PLATE BOUNDARIES
than 70 km depths of 300-700 km ★
★ Convergent - moving towards each other
Wider spread along Occur across great
the earth’s crust expanses and ★ Divergent - moving away from each
vertically as well other
★ Transform Faults - slides past each other,
Begin where the Begin where one or shearing motion
crustal plates of the tectonic plate
earth are moving subducts under
against one another another, at the
boundary of oceanic
and continental plates
Has smaller Has higher
magnitudes magnitudes
Happen frequently Occur every 20-30
and randomly years along a given
fault line
Molirae Yuri 2
GRADE 10 SCIENCE HIGH SCHOOL 4TH QUARTER
Topic Overview TERM INFO
★ Arctic Ridge - slowest rate, less
I. Tectonic Plates
A. Litospheric Plates than 2.5 cm per year.
1 B. Major Plates
C. Plate Movements
★ Eastern - near Easter Island
II. Plate Boundaries Pacific Rise in the south pacific
A. Convergent about 3,400 km west
2 B. Divergent of Chile.
C. Transform
- fastest rate, more
III. Earth Structure than 15 cm per year.
A. Layers of Earth
3 B. Discontinuities
C. S waves and P waves 15 Major Tectonic Plates
D. Convection Current
Primary: 8 Secondary:
IV. Plate Movement
Pacific plate Arabian plate
A. Seafloor Spreading
B. Earth’s Magnetic Field Eurasian plate Caribbean plate
African plate Cocos plate
4 C. Continental Drift
North American plate Indian plate
D. Philippine Archipelago
South American plate Juan de Fuca plate
Antarctic plate Philippine Sea plate
TECTONIC PLATES Indo Australian plate Scotia plate
Nazca plate
- Also called lithospheric plates
- It comes from the Greek word “tekton”
which means carpenter or builder.
- Used to describe the movement of the
lithosphere.
- Widely used for describing the physical
plates rather than their movement.
Lithospheric Plates
- Massive irregular slabs or segments of
solid rock that envelop the surface of
Earth.
- Constantly in motion relative to one
another as they ride atop a hotter, more
mobile material known as the
asthenosphere.
- In constant but slow motion.
- Earth is composed of 58 Lithospheric
Plates.
Molirae Yuri 1
, EARTH SCIENCE
GRADE 10 SCIENCE HIGH SCHOOL 4TH QUARTER
★ LOCATION OF VOLCANOES
Plate Movements - Arc volcanoes usually form at subduction
★ Collision Zones zones.
- Occurs when tectonic plates meet at a - Hotspot volcanoes are located in the plate
convergent boundary both bearing interiors.
continental lithosphere. - Volcanoes are not randomly distributed,
- All subduction zones are collision zones unlike earthquakes.
but not all collision zones are subduction - The majority of volcanoes are found
zones along the edges of the continents.
- Types:
● Continental-continental ★ LOCATION OF MOUNTAIN RANGES
● Oceanic-oceanic - Occurs from the collision of
● continental-oceanic continental-continental collision zones.
- OC-OC and CO-OC are both subduction
zones.
SIDE NOTE
★ Subduction Zones
Earthquake epicenters, volcanoes, and
- A spot where two tectonic plates collide
mountain ranges are located along plate
and one dives, or subducts, beneath the
boundaries.
other.
- Create deep focus earthquakes.
As plates interact along their margins,
important geological processes take place.
SHALLOW FOCUS DEEP FOCUS
Occur at depths less Occur at greater focal PLATE BOUNDARIES
than 70 km depths of 300-700 km ★
★ Convergent - moving towards each other
Wider spread along Occur across great
the earth’s crust expanses and ★ Divergent - moving away from each
vertically as well other
★ Transform Faults - slides past each other,
Begin where the Begin where one or shearing motion
crustal plates of the tectonic plate
earth are moving subducts under
against one another another, at the
boundary of oceanic
and continental plates
Has smaller Has higher
magnitudes magnitudes
Happen frequently Occur every 20-30
and randomly years along a given
fault line
Molirae Yuri 2
