Chamberlain NR 224 Fundamentals of Nursing Final Exam | 2026/2027
CHAMBERLAIN NR 224
Fundamentals of Nursing Final Exam
2026/2027 Academic Year | NGN-Aligned Study Guide
75 Verified Questions with Detailed Rationales
EXAM INSTRUCTIONS
• This study guide contains 75 multiple-choice and select-all-that-apply questions aligned with the
Chamberlain NR 224 Fundamentals Final Exam and Next Generation NCLEX (NGN) standards.
• Testing time: 90–120 minutes. Passing score: typically 75–78% (56–59 of 75 correct) per Chamberlain
University policy.
• For SATA items, select ALL correct answers — two or more options may apply.
• Correct answers are highlighted in green bold. Detailed rationales follow each question.
• Domains: Nursing Process, Safety/Infection Control, Basic Care & Comfort, Medication
Administration, Communication, Legal/Ethics, Fluid & Electrolytes, Perioperative Care, Oxygenation,
and Clinical Decision-Making.
EXAM CONTENT BREAKDOWN
Domain Questions Format
I. Nursing Process & Clinical 10 MCQ / SATA
Judgment
II. Safety & Infection Control 10 MCQ / SATA
III. Basic Care & Comfort 8 MCQ / SATA
IV. Medication Administration 6 MCQ / SATA
V. Communication & Therapeutic 4 MCQ / SATA
Relationships
VI. Documentation & Legal/Ethics 8 MCQ / SATA
VII. Fluid & Electrolyte Balance 6 MCQ / SATA
VIII. Perioperative Nursing Care 6 MCQ / SATA
IX. Oxygenation & Respiratory 6 MCQ / SATA
Care
X. Scenario-Based Clinical 11 MCQ / SATA
Decision-Making
TOTAL 75 75 Items
Page 1
, Chamberlain NR 224 Fundamentals of Nursing Final Exam | 2026/2027
Nursing Process & Clinical Judgment
10 Questions
Q1. A nurse is caring for a patient with dehydration. After reviewing the patient's lab results
and assessing skin turgor, the nurse identifies the problem as "Fluid Volume Deficit." Which
step of the nursing process does this represent?
[Single Best Answer]
A) Assessment
B) Diagnosis
C) Planning
D) Implementation
Correct Answer: B
The nursing diagnosis step involves analyzing assessment data to identify patient problems or needs.
While assessment involves data collection, diagnosis is the interpretation of that data to formulate a
nursing diagnosis. This aligns with the NCSBN Clinical Judgment Model's "Analyze Cues" phase. (Potter
& Perry, Ch. 15; Kozier & Erb, Ch. 11)
Q2. A nurse is reviewing a patient's care plan. Which of the following are examples of NANDA
nursing diagnoses? (Select all that apply)
[Select All That Apply]
A) Risk for Falls
B) Impaired Skin Integrity
C) Readiness for Enhanced Coping
D) Pneumonia
E) Acute Pain
Correct Answer: A, B, C, E
NANDA nursing diagnoses include actual diagnoses (Impaired Skin Integrity, Acute Pain), risk
diagnoses (Risk for Falls), and health promotion diagnoses (Readiness for Enhanced Coping).
"Pneumonia" is a medical diagnosis, not a nursing diagnosis, and should not appear in a nursing care
plan. (Potter & Perry, Ch. 15; Kozier & Erb, Ch. 17)
Q3. A nurse enters a patient's room and notices the patient is diaphoretic, appears anxious,
and complains of chest pain radiating to the left arm. Which action from the NCSBN Clinical
Judgment Measurement Model should the nurse perform first?
[Single Best Answer]
A) Generate Solutions
B) Recognize Cues
C) Evaluate Outcomes
D) Take Action
Correct Answer: B
The nurse must first recognize and cluster relevant cues (diaphoresis, anxiety, chest pain radiating to the
left arm) before proceeding to analyze them, generate solutions, or take action. The CJMM emphasizes
that recognizing cues is the foundational cognitive step that drives all subsequent clinical reasoning.
(NCSBN, 2019; Potter & Perry, Ch. 15)
Page 2
, Chamberlain NR 224 Fundamentals of Nursing Final Exam | 2026/2027
Q4. A nurse is writing a goal for a patient who had a total knee replacement. Which of the
following is the most appropriate goal statement using SMART criteria?
[Single Best Answer]
A) The patient will walk independently by discharge.
B) The patient will ambulate 50 feet with a walker by the end of the shift.
C) The patient will feel better about walking after surgery.
D) The patient will understand the importance of mobility.
Correct Answer: B
SMART goals are Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, and Time-bound. Option B specifies the
exact activity (ambulate 50 feet with a walker), includes a measurable outcome, and has a defined time
frame (end of the shift). Options A, C, and D lack measurability or specificity required for effective goal
setting. (Potter & Perry, Ch. 17; Kozier & Erb, Ch. 17)
Q5. A nurse implemented a turn-every-2-hours schedule for an immobile patient. After 3
days, the patient develops a stage 1 pressure injury on the sacrum. What is the nurse's most
appropriate next step?
[Single Best Answer]
A) Discontinue the turning schedule as it was ineffective
B) Document the finding and continue the current plan of care
C) Reassess and modify the plan of care with additional interventions
D) Report the nurse manager for inadequate supervision
Correct Answer: C
Evaluation is the final step of the nursing process where the nurse determines whether outcomes were
met. Since the pressure injury developed despite the turning schedule, the nurse should reassess and
modify the plan with additional interventions such as pressure-redistributing surfaces or more frequent
turning. The nursing process is cyclic and continuous. (Potter & Perry, Ch. 18; Kozier & Erb, Ch. 17)
Q6. A nurse is caring for a patient with constipation. Which of the following nursing
interventions would be appropriate to include in the plan of care? (Select all that apply)
[Select All That Apply]
A) Increase fluid intake to 2,000 mL per day unless contraindicated
B) Encourage ambulation and physical activity
C) Administer a laxative without a provider's order
D) Provide a high-fiber diet
E) Offer the bedpan at the same time each day
Correct Answer: A, B, D, E
Appropriate interventions for constipation include increasing fluids, encouraging mobility to stimulate
peristalsis, providing dietary fiber, and establishing a regular bowel routine. Nurses cannot administer
medications such as laxatives without a valid provider's order, making option C incorrect. These
interventions align with the CJMM "Generate Solutions" phase. (Potter & Perry, Ch. 48; Kozier & Erb,
Ch. 44)
Q7. A nurse is gathering a patient history and asks, "Can you tell me more about what
happened when you fell?" Which type of assessment data is the nurse collecting?
[Single Best Answer]
A) Objective data
Page 3
CHAMBERLAIN NR 224
Fundamentals of Nursing Final Exam
2026/2027 Academic Year | NGN-Aligned Study Guide
75 Verified Questions with Detailed Rationales
EXAM INSTRUCTIONS
• This study guide contains 75 multiple-choice and select-all-that-apply questions aligned with the
Chamberlain NR 224 Fundamentals Final Exam and Next Generation NCLEX (NGN) standards.
• Testing time: 90–120 minutes. Passing score: typically 75–78% (56–59 of 75 correct) per Chamberlain
University policy.
• For SATA items, select ALL correct answers — two or more options may apply.
• Correct answers are highlighted in green bold. Detailed rationales follow each question.
• Domains: Nursing Process, Safety/Infection Control, Basic Care & Comfort, Medication
Administration, Communication, Legal/Ethics, Fluid & Electrolytes, Perioperative Care, Oxygenation,
and Clinical Decision-Making.
EXAM CONTENT BREAKDOWN
Domain Questions Format
I. Nursing Process & Clinical 10 MCQ / SATA
Judgment
II. Safety & Infection Control 10 MCQ / SATA
III. Basic Care & Comfort 8 MCQ / SATA
IV. Medication Administration 6 MCQ / SATA
V. Communication & Therapeutic 4 MCQ / SATA
Relationships
VI. Documentation & Legal/Ethics 8 MCQ / SATA
VII. Fluid & Electrolyte Balance 6 MCQ / SATA
VIII. Perioperative Nursing Care 6 MCQ / SATA
IX. Oxygenation & Respiratory 6 MCQ / SATA
Care
X. Scenario-Based Clinical 11 MCQ / SATA
Decision-Making
TOTAL 75 75 Items
Page 1
, Chamberlain NR 224 Fundamentals of Nursing Final Exam | 2026/2027
Nursing Process & Clinical Judgment
10 Questions
Q1. A nurse is caring for a patient with dehydration. After reviewing the patient's lab results
and assessing skin turgor, the nurse identifies the problem as "Fluid Volume Deficit." Which
step of the nursing process does this represent?
[Single Best Answer]
A) Assessment
B) Diagnosis
C) Planning
D) Implementation
Correct Answer: B
The nursing diagnosis step involves analyzing assessment data to identify patient problems or needs.
While assessment involves data collection, diagnosis is the interpretation of that data to formulate a
nursing diagnosis. This aligns with the NCSBN Clinical Judgment Model's "Analyze Cues" phase. (Potter
& Perry, Ch. 15; Kozier & Erb, Ch. 11)
Q2. A nurse is reviewing a patient's care plan. Which of the following are examples of NANDA
nursing diagnoses? (Select all that apply)
[Select All That Apply]
A) Risk for Falls
B) Impaired Skin Integrity
C) Readiness for Enhanced Coping
D) Pneumonia
E) Acute Pain
Correct Answer: A, B, C, E
NANDA nursing diagnoses include actual diagnoses (Impaired Skin Integrity, Acute Pain), risk
diagnoses (Risk for Falls), and health promotion diagnoses (Readiness for Enhanced Coping).
"Pneumonia" is a medical diagnosis, not a nursing diagnosis, and should not appear in a nursing care
plan. (Potter & Perry, Ch. 15; Kozier & Erb, Ch. 17)
Q3. A nurse enters a patient's room and notices the patient is diaphoretic, appears anxious,
and complains of chest pain radiating to the left arm. Which action from the NCSBN Clinical
Judgment Measurement Model should the nurse perform first?
[Single Best Answer]
A) Generate Solutions
B) Recognize Cues
C) Evaluate Outcomes
D) Take Action
Correct Answer: B
The nurse must first recognize and cluster relevant cues (diaphoresis, anxiety, chest pain radiating to the
left arm) before proceeding to analyze them, generate solutions, or take action. The CJMM emphasizes
that recognizing cues is the foundational cognitive step that drives all subsequent clinical reasoning.
(NCSBN, 2019; Potter & Perry, Ch. 15)
Page 2
, Chamberlain NR 224 Fundamentals of Nursing Final Exam | 2026/2027
Q4. A nurse is writing a goal for a patient who had a total knee replacement. Which of the
following is the most appropriate goal statement using SMART criteria?
[Single Best Answer]
A) The patient will walk independently by discharge.
B) The patient will ambulate 50 feet with a walker by the end of the shift.
C) The patient will feel better about walking after surgery.
D) The patient will understand the importance of mobility.
Correct Answer: B
SMART goals are Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, and Time-bound. Option B specifies the
exact activity (ambulate 50 feet with a walker), includes a measurable outcome, and has a defined time
frame (end of the shift). Options A, C, and D lack measurability or specificity required for effective goal
setting. (Potter & Perry, Ch. 17; Kozier & Erb, Ch. 17)
Q5. A nurse implemented a turn-every-2-hours schedule for an immobile patient. After 3
days, the patient develops a stage 1 pressure injury on the sacrum. What is the nurse's most
appropriate next step?
[Single Best Answer]
A) Discontinue the turning schedule as it was ineffective
B) Document the finding and continue the current plan of care
C) Reassess and modify the plan of care with additional interventions
D) Report the nurse manager for inadequate supervision
Correct Answer: C
Evaluation is the final step of the nursing process where the nurse determines whether outcomes were
met. Since the pressure injury developed despite the turning schedule, the nurse should reassess and
modify the plan with additional interventions such as pressure-redistributing surfaces or more frequent
turning. The nursing process is cyclic and continuous. (Potter & Perry, Ch. 18; Kozier & Erb, Ch. 17)
Q6. A nurse is caring for a patient with constipation. Which of the following nursing
interventions would be appropriate to include in the plan of care? (Select all that apply)
[Select All That Apply]
A) Increase fluid intake to 2,000 mL per day unless contraindicated
B) Encourage ambulation and physical activity
C) Administer a laxative without a provider's order
D) Provide a high-fiber diet
E) Offer the bedpan at the same time each day
Correct Answer: A, B, D, E
Appropriate interventions for constipation include increasing fluids, encouraging mobility to stimulate
peristalsis, providing dietary fiber, and establishing a regular bowel routine. Nurses cannot administer
medications such as laxatives without a valid provider's order, making option C incorrect. These
interventions align with the CJMM "Generate Solutions" phase. (Potter & Perry, Ch. 48; Kozier & Erb,
Ch. 44)
Q7. A nurse is gathering a patient history and asks, "Can you tell me more about what
happened when you fell?" Which type of assessment data is the nurse collecting?
[Single Best Answer]
A) Objective data
Page 3
