NUR106 | NUR106 Pediatric Nursing Exam 2
Version 3 | Questions with Correct Answers and
Expert Explanation for Each Question | Saint Paul’s
School of Nursing
1. A nurse is preparing to administer acetaminophen to a 4-year-old child with a fever
of 102.2 F. Which action should the nurse take to ensure the correct dosage is given?
A. Calculate the dose based on the child’s age.
B. Administer the dose recommended by the child’s parent.
C. Use a standard adult dose reduced by half.
D. Calculate the dose based on the child’s weight in kilograms.
Correct Answer: D
Expert Explanation: Pediatric medication dosages are most accurately calculated
based on weight in kilograms rather than age. This method accounts for the
physiological differences and developmental stages of children. Using age-based
dosing is less precise because children of the same age can vary significantly in
weight. Safe medication administration requires a double-check of weight-based
calculations to prevent toxicity. Nurses must always prioritize weight-based
formulas to ensure therapeutic levels and patient safety.
,2. A toddler is admitted with a diagnosis of Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV). Which
type of infection control precautions should the nurse implement?
A. Airborne precautions
B. Droplet precautions
C. Contact precautions
D. Standard precautions only
Correct Answer: C
Expert Explanation: RSV is primarily transmitted through direct contact with
respiratory secretions or contaminated surfaces. Contact precautions require the
use of gloves and gowns when entering the patient’s room. While RSV can be spread
by large droplets, contact remains the primary transmission route in clinical
settings. Hand hygiene is critical before and after any contact with the patient or
their environment. These measures help prevent the spread of the virus to other
vulnerable pediatric patients.
3. A nurse is teaching a parent how to administer oral liquid medication to an infant.
Which instruction is most important for safety?
A. Place the syringe in the side of the infant’s mouth.
B. Administer the medication using a household teaspoon.
C. Mix the medication with a full 8-ounce bottle of formula.
,D. Hold the infant in a flat, supine position during administration.
Correct Answer: A
Expert Explanation: Placing the syringe toward the side of the cheek prevents the
infant from gagging or aspirating the fluid. The infant should be held in an upright or
semi-reclining position to facilitate swallowing. Medication should never be mixed
with a large volume of formula because the infant may not finish it. Household
teaspoons are inaccurate and should never be used for measuring pediatric
medications. Proper technique ensures that the full dose is delivered safely and
effectively.
4. An infant weighs 11 lbs. The healthcare provider orders a medication dose of 5
mg/kg. How many milligrams should the nurse administer?
A. 55 mg
B. 25 mg
C. 11 mg
D. 2.2 mg
Correct Answer: B
Expert Explanation: The first step in calculation is converting the infant’s weight
from pounds to kilograms by dividing 11 by 2.2. This results in a weight of exactly 5
kg. Multiplying the weight of 5 kg by the ordered 5 mg per kg yields a total dose of
, 25 mg. Accurate weight conversion is a fundamental skill in pediatric nursing to
prevent dosing errors. Failure to convert units correctly can lead to significant
under-dosing or over-dosing in infants.
5. A mother calls the clinic because her 2-year-old child has a temperature of 101 F
(38.3 C). What should the nurse’s first action be?
A. Assess the child’s activity level, hydration, and overall appearance.
B. Advise the mother to give the child a cold ice-water bath.
C. Instruct the mother to take the child to the Emergency Room.
D. Tell the mother to administer aspirin immediately.
Correct Answer: A
Expert Explanation: The child’s overall behavior and clinical status are often more
important than the numerical temperature value. A child who is active and drinking
fluids may not require aggressive intervention for a low-grade fever. Cold baths
should be avoided because they cause shivering, which can actually increase the
internal body temperature. Aspirin is strictly contraindicated in children due to the
risk of Reye’s syndrome. Assessment allows the nurse to determine if the fever is a
sign of a serious underlying infection.
Version 3 | Questions with Correct Answers and
Expert Explanation for Each Question | Saint Paul’s
School of Nursing
1. A nurse is preparing to administer acetaminophen to a 4-year-old child with a fever
of 102.2 F. Which action should the nurse take to ensure the correct dosage is given?
A. Calculate the dose based on the child’s age.
B. Administer the dose recommended by the child’s parent.
C. Use a standard adult dose reduced by half.
D. Calculate the dose based on the child’s weight in kilograms.
Correct Answer: D
Expert Explanation: Pediatric medication dosages are most accurately calculated
based on weight in kilograms rather than age. This method accounts for the
physiological differences and developmental stages of children. Using age-based
dosing is less precise because children of the same age can vary significantly in
weight. Safe medication administration requires a double-check of weight-based
calculations to prevent toxicity. Nurses must always prioritize weight-based
formulas to ensure therapeutic levels and patient safety.
,2. A toddler is admitted with a diagnosis of Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV). Which
type of infection control precautions should the nurse implement?
A. Airborne precautions
B. Droplet precautions
C. Contact precautions
D. Standard precautions only
Correct Answer: C
Expert Explanation: RSV is primarily transmitted through direct contact with
respiratory secretions or contaminated surfaces. Contact precautions require the
use of gloves and gowns when entering the patient’s room. While RSV can be spread
by large droplets, contact remains the primary transmission route in clinical
settings. Hand hygiene is critical before and after any contact with the patient or
their environment. These measures help prevent the spread of the virus to other
vulnerable pediatric patients.
3. A nurse is teaching a parent how to administer oral liquid medication to an infant.
Which instruction is most important for safety?
A. Place the syringe in the side of the infant’s mouth.
B. Administer the medication using a household teaspoon.
C. Mix the medication with a full 8-ounce bottle of formula.
,D. Hold the infant in a flat, supine position during administration.
Correct Answer: A
Expert Explanation: Placing the syringe toward the side of the cheek prevents the
infant from gagging or aspirating the fluid. The infant should be held in an upright or
semi-reclining position to facilitate swallowing. Medication should never be mixed
with a large volume of formula because the infant may not finish it. Household
teaspoons are inaccurate and should never be used for measuring pediatric
medications. Proper technique ensures that the full dose is delivered safely and
effectively.
4. An infant weighs 11 lbs. The healthcare provider orders a medication dose of 5
mg/kg. How many milligrams should the nurse administer?
A. 55 mg
B. 25 mg
C. 11 mg
D. 2.2 mg
Correct Answer: B
Expert Explanation: The first step in calculation is converting the infant’s weight
from pounds to kilograms by dividing 11 by 2.2. This results in a weight of exactly 5
kg. Multiplying the weight of 5 kg by the ordered 5 mg per kg yields a total dose of
, 25 mg. Accurate weight conversion is a fundamental skill in pediatric nursing to
prevent dosing errors. Failure to convert units correctly can lead to significant
under-dosing or over-dosing in infants.
5. A mother calls the clinic because her 2-year-old child has a temperature of 101 F
(38.3 C). What should the nurse’s first action be?
A. Assess the child’s activity level, hydration, and overall appearance.
B. Advise the mother to give the child a cold ice-water bath.
C. Instruct the mother to take the child to the Emergency Room.
D. Tell the mother to administer aspirin immediately.
Correct Answer: A
Expert Explanation: The child’s overall behavior and clinical status are often more
important than the numerical temperature value. A child who is active and drinking
fluids may not require aggressive intervention for a low-grade fever. Cold baths
should be avoided because they cause shivering, which can actually increase the
internal body temperature. Aspirin is strictly contraindicated in children due to the
risk of Reye’s syndrome. Assessment allows the nurse to determine if the fever is a
sign of a serious underlying infection.
