NUR106 | NUR106 Pediatric Nursing Exam 1
Version 3 Questions with Correct Answers and
Expert Explanation for Each Question
1. At what age should a healthy infant typically receive their first dose of the Measles,
Mumps, and Rubella (MMR) vaccine?
A. Birth
B. 6 months
C. 12-15 months
D. 4-6 years
Correct Answer: C
Expert Explanation: The first dose of the MMR vaccine is recommended between
12 and 15 months of age. Administering it before 12 months may be ineffective due
to the presence of maternal antibodies. A second dose is required between ages 4
and 6 years to ensure immunity. This vaccine is a live attenuated virus and should
not be given to immunocompromised patients. Proper education for parents
includes explaining that this protects against three serious viral infections.
2. Which supplement is recommended for all exclusively breastfed infants starting
shortly after birth?
A. Iron
,B. Vitamin D
C. Vitamin C
D. Fluoride
Correct Answer: B
Expert Explanation: Breast milk is the gold standard for infant nutrition but is
naturally low in Vitamin D. Infants who are exclusively breastfed should receive 400
IU of Vitamin D daily starting in the first few days of life. This supplementation helps
prevent rickets and ensures proper bone mineralization during rapid growth.
Formula-fed infants generally do not need this if they consume at least 32 ounces of
Vitamin D-fortified formula daily. Nurses must assess the mother’s understanding of
this requirement during early postpartum visits.
3. The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) currently recommends that infants
remain in a rear-facing car seat until at least what milestone?
A. 12 months of age
B. 15 months of age
C. 2 years of age or reaching the maximum weight/height for the seat
D. The infant can sit up unassisted
Correct Answer: C
,Expert Explanation: Current safety standards recommend keeping children rear-
facing as long as possible, typically until age 2 or until they hit height/weight limits.
Rear-facing seats provide much better support for an infant’s heavy head and fragile
neck during a collision. Transitioning to a forward-facing seat too early increases
the risk of spinal cord injuries. Nurses should teach parents how to properly install
the seat using the LATCH system. Consistent education on car seat safety is a vital
component of anticipatory guidance.
4. Which vaccine is typically administered to a neonate within the first 24 hours after
birth?
A. Inactivated Poliovirus (IPV)
B. Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib)
C. Rotavirus (RV)
D. Hepatitis B (HepB)
Correct Answer: D
Expert Explanation: The Hepatitis B vaccine is the only immunization
recommended to be given at birth for all medically stable infants. This early dose is
critical for preventing the transmission of the virus from mother to child. If the
mother’s Hepatitis B surface antigen status is unknown or positive, the infant also
receives Hepatitis B immune globulin. The complete series requires three doses to
, provide long-term protection against liver disease. Nurses must document the
injection site, usually the vastus lateralis, and provide the Vaccine Information
Statement to the parents.
5. Why should honey be avoided in the diet of infants under 12 months of age?
A. It is a common allergen
B. Risk of infant botulism
C. It causes dental caries too early
D. Infants cannot digest complex sugars
Correct Answer: B
Expert Explanation: Honey can contain Clostridium botulinum spores which an
infant’s immature digestive system cannot handle. These spores can germinate in
the intestine and produce a neurotoxin leading to muscle weakness or paralysis.
Symptoms of infant botulism include constipation, weak crying, and poor feeding.
After 12 months, the gut microbiome is sufficiently developed to prevent the growth
of these spores. Parents should be counseled to avoid even processed honey in
baked goods for infants.
6. Which vaccine series is administered at 2, 4, and 6 months of age to protect against
whooping cough?
A. DTaP
Version 3 Questions with Correct Answers and
Expert Explanation for Each Question
1. At what age should a healthy infant typically receive their first dose of the Measles,
Mumps, and Rubella (MMR) vaccine?
A. Birth
B. 6 months
C. 12-15 months
D. 4-6 years
Correct Answer: C
Expert Explanation: The first dose of the MMR vaccine is recommended between
12 and 15 months of age. Administering it before 12 months may be ineffective due
to the presence of maternal antibodies. A second dose is required between ages 4
and 6 years to ensure immunity. This vaccine is a live attenuated virus and should
not be given to immunocompromised patients. Proper education for parents
includes explaining that this protects against three serious viral infections.
2. Which supplement is recommended for all exclusively breastfed infants starting
shortly after birth?
A. Iron
,B. Vitamin D
C. Vitamin C
D. Fluoride
Correct Answer: B
Expert Explanation: Breast milk is the gold standard for infant nutrition but is
naturally low in Vitamin D. Infants who are exclusively breastfed should receive 400
IU of Vitamin D daily starting in the first few days of life. This supplementation helps
prevent rickets and ensures proper bone mineralization during rapid growth.
Formula-fed infants generally do not need this if they consume at least 32 ounces of
Vitamin D-fortified formula daily. Nurses must assess the mother’s understanding of
this requirement during early postpartum visits.
3. The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) currently recommends that infants
remain in a rear-facing car seat until at least what milestone?
A. 12 months of age
B. 15 months of age
C. 2 years of age or reaching the maximum weight/height for the seat
D. The infant can sit up unassisted
Correct Answer: C
,Expert Explanation: Current safety standards recommend keeping children rear-
facing as long as possible, typically until age 2 or until they hit height/weight limits.
Rear-facing seats provide much better support for an infant’s heavy head and fragile
neck during a collision. Transitioning to a forward-facing seat too early increases
the risk of spinal cord injuries. Nurses should teach parents how to properly install
the seat using the LATCH system. Consistent education on car seat safety is a vital
component of anticipatory guidance.
4. Which vaccine is typically administered to a neonate within the first 24 hours after
birth?
A. Inactivated Poliovirus (IPV)
B. Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib)
C. Rotavirus (RV)
D. Hepatitis B (HepB)
Correct Answer: D
Expert Explanation: The Hepatitis B vaccine is the only immunization
recommended to be given at birth for all medically stable infants. This early dose is
critical for preventing the transmission of the virus from mother to child. If the
mother’s Hepatitis B surface antigen status is unknown or positive, the infant also
receives Hepatitis B immune globulin. The complete series requires three doses to
, provide long-term protection against liver disease. Nurses must document the
injection site, usually the vastus lateralis, and provide the Vaccine Information
Statement to the parents.
5. Why should honey be avoided in the diet of infants under 12 months of age?
A. It is a common allergen
B. Risk of infant botulism
C. It causes dental caries too early
D. Infants cannot digest complex sugars
Correct Answer: B
Expert Explanation: Honey can contain Clostridium botulinum spores which an
infant’s immature digestive system cannot handle. These spores can germinate in
the intestine and produce a neurotoxin leading to muscle weakness or paralysis.
Symptoms of infant botulism include constipation, weak crying, and poor feeding.
After 12 months, the gut microbiome is sufficiently developed to prevent the growth
of these spores. Parents should be counseled to avoid even processed honey in
baked goods for infants.
6. Which vaccine series is administered at 2, 4, and 6 months of age to protect against
whooping cough?
A. DTaP
