C784 Applied Healthcare Statistics OA Final Exam Prep 2026 |WGU
1. A researcher categorizes study participants by their primary language
(English, Spanish, French, Other). What level of measurement is this?
A. Nominal
B. Ordinal
C. Interval
D. Ratio
Answer: A
Rationale: Nominal data represents categories that have no inherent rank or numerical
value.
2. Which of the following describes a ‘Type I error’ in hypothesis testing?
A. Failing to reject a false null hypothesis
B. Correctly rejecting a false null hypothesis
C. Rejecting a true null hypothesis
D. Correctly failing to reject a true null hypothesis
Answer: C
Rationale: A Type I error occurs when the null hypothesis is true, but the researcher
incorrectly rejects it (a false positive).
,3. In a normal distribution, approximately what percentage of data falls within
two standard deviations of the mean?
A. 50%
B. 68%
C. 95%
D. 99.7%
Answer: C
Rationale: The Empirical Rule states that 68% falls within 1 SD, 95% within 2 SDs, and
99.7% within 3 SDs.
4. What is the median of the following data set: 5, 12, 3, 10, 8?
A. 3
B. 7.6
C. 10
D. 8
Answer: D
Rationale: Ordering the data: 3, 5, 8, 10, 12. The middle value is 8.
5. Which correlation coefficient indicates the strongest relationship between
two variables?
A. 0.05
B. -0.82
C. 0.75
D. 1.50
Answer: B
Rationale: The strength is determined by the absolute value; 0.82 is higher than 0.75 or
0.05. Correlation cannot exceed 1.0.
, 6. A study measures the number of hospital admissions per year. This variable
is:
A. Qualitative
B. Continuous quantitative
C. Nominal
D. Discrete quantitative
Answer: D
Rationale: Discrete quantitative variables represent counts that can only take specific
integer values.
7. If a p-value is 0.03 and the alpha level is 0.05, what should the researcher do?
A. Reject the null hypothesis
B. Fail to reject the null hypothesis
C. Accept the null hypothesis
D. Increase the sample size
Answer: A
Rationale: If the p-value is less than the alpha level, the result is statistically significant and
the null hypothesis is rejected.
8. Which measure of central tendency is most affected by extreme outliers?
A. Median
B. Mean
C. Mode
D. Range
Answer: B
Rationale: The mean uses every value in the calculation, making it highly sensitive to
extreme values.
1. A researcher categorizes study participants by their primary language
(English, Spanish, French, Other). What level of measurement is this?
A. Nominal
B. Ordinal
C. Interval
D. Ratio
Answer: A
Rationale: Nominal data represents categories that have no inherent rank or numerical
value.
2. Which of the following describes a ‘Type I error’ in hypothesis testing?
A. Failing to reject a false null hypothesis
B. Correctly rejecting a false null hypothesis
C. Rejecting a true null hypothesis
D. Correctly failing to reject a true null hypothesis
Answer: C
Rationale: A Type I error occurs when the null hypothesis is true, but the researcher
incorrectly rejects it (a false positive).
,3. In a normal distribution, approximately what percentage of data falls within
two standard deviations of the mean?
A. 50%
B. 68%
C. 95%
D. 99.7%
Answer: C
Rationale: The Empirical Rule states that 68% falls within 1 SD, 95% within 2 SDs, and
99.7% within 3 SDs.
4. What is the median of the following data set: 5, 12, 3, 10, 8?
A. 3
B. 7.6
C. 10
D. 8
Answer: D
Rationale: Ordering the data: 3, 5, 8, 10, 12. The middle value is 8.
5. Which correlation coefficient indicates the strongest relationship between
two variables?
A. 0.05
B. -0.82
C. 0.75
D. 1.50
Answer: B
Rationale: The strength is determined by the absolute value; 0.82 is higher than 0.75 or
0.05. Correlation cannot exceed 1.0.
, 6. A study measures the number of hospital admissions per year. This variable
is:
A. Qualitative
B. Continuous quantitative
C. Nominal
D. Discrete quantitative
Answer: D
Rationale: Discrete quantitative variables represent counts that can only take specific
integer values.
7. If a p-value is 0.03 and the alpha level is 0.05, what should the researcher do?
A. Reject the null hypothesis
B. Fail to reject the null hypothesis
C. Accept the null hypothesis
D. Increase the sample size
Answer: A
Rationale: If the p-value is less than the alpha level, the result is statistically significant and
the null hypothesis is rejected.
8. Which measure of central tendency is most affected by extreme outliers?
A. Median
B. Mean
C. Mode
D. Range
Answer: B
Rationale: The mean uses every value in the calculation, making it highly sensitive to
extreme values.
