Health Care Administration
Comprehensive Test Bank-Focus
Areas: Ethics, Leadership, & Health
Care Systems (2026 Edition)||
Questions And Answers With
Rationales/Graded A+/2026
Update/100% Correct /Instant
Download
Instructions: Select the single best answer for each question. Correct answers are
indicated in bold with a rationale provided.
Section A: Foundations of Health Care Ethics (Questions 1–25)
1. Which ethical principle requires health care administrators to "do no
harm" intentionally?
• a) Beneficence
• b) Non-maleficence
• c) Justice
• d) Autonomy
Rationale : Non-maleficence is the obligation to avoid causing harm. Beneficence
requires active goodness, justice is fairness, and autonomy respects patient choice.
2. A hospital CEO decides to allocate the only remaining ICU bed to a patient
with higher survival probability rather than a first-come, first-served basis.
This reflects which ethical principle?
, • a) Veracity
• b) Utilitarianism
• c) Deontology
• d) Paternalism
Rationale : Utilitarianism focuses on maximizing overall good (survival
probability). Deontology focuses on duties/rules; paternalism overrides patient
choice.
3. Under the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)
Privacy Rule, patient health information can be shared without authorization
for:
• a) Treatment, payment, and health care operations (TPO)
• b) Marketing by pharmaceutical companies
• c) Sale to data brokers
• d) Employer record keeping without consent
Rationale : TPO is the core permitted use without patient authorization under
HIPAA.
4. A health system decides to close a rural dialysis unit due to low
reimbursement, despite community need. This creates an ethical tension
between:
• a) Fidelity and autonomy
• b) Justice and fiscal responsibility
• c) Non-maleficence and beneficence
• d) Veracity and confidentiality
Rationale : Justice (fair access to care) conflicts with fiscal responsibility
(financial sustainability of the system).
5. Which document is the foundation for patient self-determination and
informed consent in U.S. health care?
• a) The Belmont Report
, • b) The Nuremberg Code
• c) The Declaration of Helsinki
• d) The Patient Self-Determination Act (1990)
Rationale : This Act requires providers to inform patients of their rights to make
advance directives and refuse treatment.
6. An administrator discovers a physician has been billing for services not
rendered. Ethically, the first step should be:
• a) Ignore it to avoid conflict
• b) Report internally via compliance hotline
• c) Call the local newspaper
• d) Fire the physician immediately
Rationale : Internal reporting aligns with organizational ethics and whistleblower
protection protocols.
7. Distributive justice in health care administration primarily concerns:
• a) Respecting patient choices
• b) Fair allocation of scarce resources
• c) Telling the truth to patients
• d) Maintaining staff confidentiality
Rationale : Distributive justice is about equitable distribution of benefits and
burdens (e.g., ventilators, vaccines).
8. Which ethical framework emphasizes duties and rules regardless of
consequences?
• a) Utilitarianism
• b) Deontology
• c) Relativism
• d) Egoism
Rationale : Deontology (Kant) focuses on moral duties and universal rules.
Comprehensive Test Bank-Focus
Areas: Ethics, Leadership, & Health
Care Systems (2026 Edition)||
Questions And Answers With
Rationales/Graded A+/2026
Update/100% Correct /Instant
Download
Instructions: Select the single best answer for each question. Correct answers are
indicated in bold with a rationale provided.
Section A: Foundations of Health Care Ethics (Questions 1–25)
1. Which ethical principle requires health care administrators to "do no
harm" intentionally?
• a) Beneficence
• b) Non-maleficence
• c) Justice
• d) Autonomy
Rationale : Non-maleficence is the obligation to avoid causing harm. Beneficence
requires active goodness, justice is fairness, and autonomy respects patient choice.
2. A hospital CEO decides to allocate the only remaining ICU bed to a patient
with higher survival probability rather than a first-come, first-served basis.
This reflects which ethical principle?
, • a) Veracity
• b) Utilitarianism
• c) Deontology
• d) Paternalism
Rationale : Utilitarianism focuses on maximizing overall good (survival
probability). Deontology focuses on duties/rules; paternalism overrides patient
choice.
3. Under the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)
Privacy Rule, patient health information can be shared without authorization
for:
• a) Treatment, payment, and health care operations (TPO)
• b) Marketing by pharmaceutical companies
• c) Sale to data brokers
• d) Employer record keeping without consent
Rationale : TPO is the core permitted use without patient authorization under
HIPAA.
4. A health system decides to close a rural dialysis unit due to low
reimbursement, despite community need. This creates an ethical tension
between:
• a) Fidelity and autonomy
• b) Justice and fiscal responsibility
• c) Non-maleficence and beneficence
• d) Veracity and confidentiality
Rationale : Justice (fair access to care) conflicts with fiscal responsibility
(financial sustainability of the system).
5. Which document is the foundation for patient self-determination and
informed consent in U.S. health care?
• a) The Belmont Report
, • b) The Nuremberg Code
• c) The Declaration of Helsinki
• d) The Patient Self-Determination Act (1990)
Rationale : This Act requires providers to inform patients of their rights to make
advance directives and refuse treatment.
6. An administrator discovers a physician has been billing for services not
rendered. Ethically, the first step should be:
• a) Ignore it to avoid conflict
• b) Report internally via compliance hotline
• c) Call the local newspaper
• d) Fire the physician immediately
Rationale : Internal reporting aligns with organizational ethics and whistleblower
protection protocols.
7. Distributive justice in health care administration primarily concerns:
• a) Respecting patient choices
• b) Fair allocation of scarce resources
• c) Telling the truth to patients
• d) Maintaining staff confidentiality
Rationale : Distributive justice is about equitable distribution of benefits and
burdens (e.g., ventilators, vaccines).
8. Which ethical framework emphasizes duties and rules regardless of
consequences?
• a) Utilitarianism
• b) Deontology
• c) Relativism
• d) Egoism
Rationale : Deontology (Kant) focuses on moral duties and universal rules.
