NUR-631 Final Exam Study Guide | QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS | LATEST UPDATE
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Terms in this set (195)
Removal of part of the liver leads to Compensatory hyperplasia is an adaptive
the remaining liver cells undergoing mechanism that enables certain organs to
compensatory regenerate. For example, the removal of part of the
liver leads to hyperplasia of the remaining liver
cells (hepatocytes) to compensate for the loss.
Which of the following statements c. A vasospastic disorder of the small arteries and
best describes Raynaud disease? arterioles of the fingers, and less commonly, the
toes
a. An inflammatory disorder of small
and medium-size arteries in the feet
and sometimes in the hands
b. A neoplastic disorder of the lining
of the arteries and veins of the upper
extremities
c. A vasospastic disorder of the small
arteries and arterioles of the fingers,
and less commonly, the toes
d. An autoimmune disorder of the
large arteries and veins of the upper
and lower extremities
,A patient is diagnosed with a. Right heart failure
pulmonary disease and elevated Exp: Right heart failure is defined as the inability of
pulmonary vascular resistance. the right ventricle to provide adequate blood flow
Which of the following heart failures into the pulmonary circulation at a normal central
may result from this condition? venous pressure. It most often results from the left
a. Right heart failure heart failure when the increase in left ventricular
b. Left heart failure filling pressure that is reflected back into the
c. Low-output failure pulmonary circulation is severe enough. As
d. High-output failure pressure in the pulmonary circulation rises, the
resistance to right ventricular emptying increases.
What physical sign is the result of d. Murmur heard on auscultation
turbulent blood flow through a Exp: Where flow is obstructed the vessel turns or
vessel? blood flows over rough surfaces. The flow
a. Increased blood pressure during becomes turbulent with whorls or eddy currents
periods of stress that produce noise causing a murmur to be heard
b. Bounding pulse felt on palpation on auscultation such as occurs during blood
c. Cyanosis observed on excretion pressure measurement with a sphygomanometer.
d. Murmur heard on auscultation This selection is the only option that accurately
identifies the physical sign of turbulent vascular
blood flow. pg 1113
Which congenital heart defects d. Ventricular septal defect and patent ductus
occur in trisomy 13, trisomy 18 and arteriosus
down syndrome? Exp: Congenital heart defects that are related to
a. Coarctation of the aorta and dysfunction of trisomy 13, trisomy 18 and down
pulmonary stenosis syndrome include VSD and PDA see Table 33-2 The
b. Tetralogy of Fallot and persistent other defects are not associated with dysfunction of
truncus arteriosus trisomy 13 or 17 and down syndrome. pg 1200
c. Atrial septal defect and
dextrocardia
d. Ventricular septal defect and
patent ductus arteriosus
,An infant has a continuous c. Patent ductus arteriosus
machine/type murmur best heard at Exp: If pulmonary vascular resistance has fallen
the left upper sternal border then infants with will characteristically have a
throughout systole and diastole as continuous machine/type murmur best heard at the
well as a bounding pulse and a thrill left upper sternal border throughout systole and
on palpation. These clinical findings diastole. If the PDA is significant then the infant also
are consistent with which congenital will have bounding pulses an active precordium, a
heart defect? thrill on palpation and signs and symptoms of
a. Atrial septal defect pulmonary over circulation. The presentations of
b. Ventricular septal defect the other congenital heart defects are not
c. Patent ductus arteriosus consistent with the described the symptoms pages
d. Atrioventricular canal defect 1203-1204
Which compensatory mechanism is c. Squatting
spontaneously used by children Exp: squatting is a spontaneous compensatory
diagnosed with tetralogy of Fallot to mechanism used by older children to alleviate
relieve hypoxic spells? hypoxic spells. Squatting and its variants increase
a. Lying on their left side systemic resistance while decreasing venous return
b. Performing the valsalva maneuver to the heart from the inferior vena cava. The other
c. Squatting options would not result in these changes. pg 1209
d. hyperventilating
An infant diagnosed with a small b. Lack of symptoms
patent ductus arteriosus would likely
exhibit which symptom? Exp: Infants with a small PDA usually remain
a. Intermittent murmur asymptomatic. page 1203-1204
b. Lack of symptoms
c. Need for surgical repair
d. Triad of congenital defects
, Fluid in the pleural space a. Pleural Effusion
characterizes which condition? Exp: Pleural effusion is the presence of fluid in the
a. Pleural effusion pleural space. page1254
b. Atelectasis
c. Bronchiectasis
d. Ischemia
Which medication classification is a. Corticosteroids
generally included in the treatment Exp: No specific treatment exists for silicosis,
of silicosis? although corticosteroids may produce some
a. Corticosteroids improvement in the early, more acute stages. page
b. Antiboitics 1259
c. Bronchodilators
d. Expectorants
The risk for respiratory distress d. 30 and 36
syndrome (RDS) decreases for Exp: Surfactant is secreted into fetal airways
premature infants when they are born between 30 and 36 weeks. The other options are
between how many weeks of not true regarding the timeframe when the risk for
gestation? RDS decreases. page 1292
a. 16 and 24
b. 20 and 24
c. 24 and 30
d. 30 and 36
What is the chief predisposing factor a. Premature birth
for respiratory distress syndrome Exp: RDS of the newborn, also known as hyaline
(RDS) of the newborn? membrane disease (HMD), is a major cause of
morbidity and mortality in premature newborns.
a. Low birth weight page 1301
b. Alcohol consumption during
pregnanc
c. Premature birth
d. Smoking during pregnancy
AND ANSWERS | LATEST UPDATE
Save
Terms in this set (195)
Removal of part of the liver leads to Compensatory hyperplasia is an adaptive
the remaining liver cells undergoing mechanism that enables certain organs to
compensatory regenerate. For example, the removal of part of the
liver leads to hyperplasia of the remaining liver
cells (hepatocytes) to compensate for the loss.
Which of the following statements c. A vasospastic disorder of the small arteries and
best describes Raynaud disease? arterioles of the fingers, and less commonly, the
toes
a. An inflammatory disorder of small
and medium-size arteries in the feet
and sometimes in the hands
b. A neoplastic disorder of the lining
of the arteries and veins of the upper
extremities
c. A vasospastic disorder of the small
arteries and arterioles of the fingers,
and less commonly, the toes
d. An autoimmune disorder of the
large arteries and veins of the upper
and lower extremities
,A patient is diagnosed with a. Right heart failure
pulmonary disease and elevated Exp: Right heart failure is defined as the inability of
pulmonary vascular resistance. the right ventricle to provide adequate blood flow
Which of the following heart failures into the pulmonary circulation at a normal central
may result from this condition? venous pressure. It most often results from the left
a. Right heart failure heart failure when the increase in left ventricular
b. Left heart failure filling pressure that is reflected back into the
c. Low-output failure pulmonary circulation is severe enough. As
d. High-output failure pressure in the pulmonary circulation rises, the
resistance to right ventricular emptying increases.
What physical sign is the result of d. Murmur heard on auscultation
turbulent blood flow through a Exp: Where flow is obstructed the vessel turns or
vessel? blood flows over rough surfaces. The flow
a. Increased blood pressure during becomes turbulent with whorls or eddy currents
periods of stress that produce noise causing a murmur to be heard
b. Bounding pulse felt on palpation on auscultation such as occurs during blood
c. Cyanosis observed on excretion pressure measurement with a sphygomanometer.
d. Murmur heard on auscultation This selection is the only option that accurately
identifies the physical sign of turbulent vascular
blood flow. pg 1113
Which congenital heart defects d. Ventricular septal defect and patent ductus
occur in trisomy 13, trisomy 18 and arteriosus
down syndrome? Exp: Congenital heart defects that are related to
a. Coarctation of the aorta and dysfunction of trisomy 13, trisomy 18 and down
pulmonary stenosis syndrome include VSD and PDA see Table 33-2 The
b. Tetralogy of Fallot and persistent other defects are not associated with dysfunction of
truncus arteriosus trisomy 13 or 17 and down syndrome. pg 1200
c. Atrial septal defect and
dextrocardia
d. Ventricular septal defect and
patent ductus arteriosus
,An infant has a continuous c. Patent ductus arteriosus
machine/type murmur best heard at Exp: If pulmonary vascular resistance has fallen
the left upper sternal border then infants with will characteristically have a
throughout systole and diastole as continuous machine/type murmur best heard at the
well as a bounding pulse and a thrill left upper sternal border throughout systole and
on palpation. These clinical findings diastole. If the PDA is significant then the infant also
are consistent with which congenital will have bounding pulses an active precordium, a
heart defect? thrill on palpation and signs and symptoms of
a. Atrial septal defect pulmonary over circulation. The presentations of
b. Ventricular septal defect the other congenital heart defects are not
c. Patent ductus arteriosus consistent with the described the symptoms pages
d. Atrioventricular canal defect 1203-1204
Which compensatory mechanism is c. Squatting
spontaneously used by children Exp: squatting is a spontaneous compensatory
diagnosed with tetralogy of Fallot to mechanism used by older children to alleviate
relieve hypoxic spells? hypoxic spells. Squatting and its variants increase
a. Lying on their left side systemic resistance while decreasing venous return
b. Performing the valsalva maneuver to the heart from the inferior vena cava. The other
c. Squatting options would not result in these changes. pg 1209
d. hyperventilating
An infant diagnosed with a small b. Lack of symptoms
patent ductus arteriosus would likely
exhibit which symptom? Exp: Infants with a small PDA usually remain
a. Intermittent murmur asymptomatic. page 1203-1204
b. Lack of symptoms
c. Need for surgical repair
d. Triad of congenital defects
, Fluid in the pleural space a. Pleural Effusion
characterizes which condition? Exp: Pleural effusion is the presence of fluid in the
a. Pleural effusion pleural space. page1254
b. Atelectasis
c. Bronchiectasis
d. Ischemia
Which medication classification is a. Corticosteroids
generally included in the treatment Exp: No specific treatment exists for silicosis,
of silicosis? although corticosteroids may produce some
a. Corticosteroids improvement in the early, more acute stages. page
b. Antiboitics 1259
c. Bronchodilators
d. Expectorants
The risk for respiratory distress d. 30 and 36
syndrome (RDS) decreases for Exp: Surfactant is secreted into fetal airways
premature infants when they are born between 30 and 36 weeks. The other options are
between how many weeks of not true regarding the timeframe when the risk for
gestation? RDS decreases. page 1292
a. 16 and 24
b. 20 and 24
c. 24 and 30
d. 30 and 36
What is the chief predisposing factor a. Premature birth
for respiratory distress syndrome Exp: RDS of the newborn, also known as hyaline
(RDS) of the newborn? membrane disease (HMD), is a major cause of
morbidity and mortality in premature newborns.
a. Low birth weight page 1301
b. Alcohol consumption during
pregnanc
c. Premature birth
d. Smoking during pregnancy
