Athabasca PSYC 289 Final 2026 UPDATED ACTUAL
Questions and CORRECT Answers
Psyche (Soul) & Logos (study of a subject) Greek meaning of Psychology
Descartes' ideas of naturalistic psychology dualism of mind and body - mind is governed by God and body processes
memory, dreaming, perception and emotions
Philosophy and Physiology parents of psychology
Wundt's contributions to the feels of psychology made phycology an independent study from science - gave psychology a
scientific approach - made psychologies primary focus consciousness and the
awareness of the immediate experience - kept focus on the mind and mental
processes - first experimental laboratory
structuralism analyse consciousness into it's basic elements and investigate how they are
related (introspection) - identify and examine the fundamental components of
the conscious experience
functionalism belief that psychology should investigate functions of the purpose of
consciousness instead of structure - based more on cultural and intellectual
influences (darwin's natural selection)
introspection systematic del-observation of one's own conscious experience
William james consciousness is a stream of thoughts and wanted to understand that stream -
interested in how people adapt to the demands of the world around them
John B. Watson abandon the study of psychology and study behaviours - you cannot observe
a persons thought but you CAN observe their behaviour - you can only
scientifically verify (or disprove) behaviour - researched animal behaviours
Behaviourism scientific psychology should study and observe behaviour ONLY
behaviour refers to observable responses of an organism
stimulus any detectible input from the surrounding environment
psychoanalytic theory attempts to explain personality, motivation and mental disorders by focusing
on unconscious determinants of behaviour
Sigmund Freud concluded that psychological disturbances were caused by personal conflicts
from THE UNCONSCIOUS - thus the cause of behaviour - spoke about sexual
behaviours (was met with resistance).
B F Skinner Proponent of behaviourism - organisms tend to repeat behaviour with positive
outcomes - behaviour is controlled by environment "free will is an illusion"
humanism theoretical orientation that humans are unique bc of their freedom and
potential for growth
, Rogers and Maslow - humanistic psychology doesn't believe in animal research - animal and humans are nothing alike and
therefore they cannot give any information on the human experience - have
optimistic view: humans can rise above, humans are conscious/rational beings
and are not dominated by the subconscious
behavioural, biological, cognitive, evolutional, Six maj theoretical perspectives of psychology
humanistic, psychoanalytic
Psychoanalytic experiences in early childhood govern personality and mental disorders
behavioural only observable events can be studied successfully
humanistic humans are free rational beings able to evolve and grow - different from
animals
cognitive behaviour cannot be understood without examining how people acquire, store
and process information
biological functions of a person can be explained in terms of bodily structures and
biomechanics processes
evolutionary patterns in behaviour have evolved to solve adaptive problems of a species;
natural selection, enhancing reproductive success
applied psychology branch concerned with everyday practical problems
clinical psychology branch concerned with diagnosis and treatment
cognition mental process in acquiring new knowledge
Donald Hebb - Cell assembly repeated stimulus leads to the development of new cell assemblies that
facilitate behaviour
cross-cultural research / ethnocentrism costly - time consuming - biased
positive psychology better understand positive, adaptive, creative and fulfilling aspects of the
human experience
psychology the science that studies behaviour and the psychological/cognitive processes
that underlie it
cognitive, developmental, experimental, personality, 7 major research areas for psychology
physiological, psychometrics, social
developmental psychology human development across a lifetime
social psychology interpersonal behaviour and the role of social forces that govern it
experimental psychology traditional core topics - sensation, perception, learning, conditioning,
motivation and emotions.
Questions and CORRECT Answers
Psyche (Soul) & Logos (study of a subject) Greek meaning of Psychology
Descartes' ideas of naturalistic psychology dualism of mind and body - mind is governed by God and body processes
memory, dreaming, perception and emotions
Philosophy and Physiology parents of psychology
Wundt's contributions to the feels of psychology made phycology an independent study from science - gave psychology a
scientific approach - made psychologies primary focus consciousness and the
awareness of the immediate experience - kept focus on the mind and mental
processes - first experimental laboratory
structuralism analyse consciousness into it's basic elements and investigate how they are
related (introspection) - identify and examine the fundamental components of
the conscious experience
functionalism belief that psychology should investigate functions of the purpose of
consciousness instead of structure - based more on cultural and intellectual
influences (darwin's natural selection)
introspection systematic del-observation of one's own conscious experience
William james consciousness is a stream of thoughts and wanted to understand that stream -
interested in how people adapt to the demands of the world around them
John B. Watson abandon the study of psychology and study behaviours - you cannot observe
a persons thought but you CAN observe their behaviour - you can only
scientifically verify (or disprove) behaviour - researched animal behaviours
Behaviourism scientific psychology should study and observe behaviour ONLY
behaviour refers to observable responses of an organism
stimulus any detectible input from the surrounding environment
psychoanalytic theory attempts to explain personality, motivation and mental disorders by focusing
on unconscious determinants of behaviour
Sigmund Freud concluded that psychological disturbances were caused by personal conflicts
from THE UNCONSCIOUS - thus the cause of behaviour - spoke about sexual
behaviours (was met with resistance).
B F Skinner Proponent of behaviourism - organisms tend to repeat behaviour with positive
outcomes - behaviour is controlled by environment "free will is an illusion"
humanism theoretical orientation that humans are unique bc of their freedom and
potential for growth
, Rogers and Maslow - humanistic psychology doesn't believe in animal research - animal and humans are nothing alike and
therefore they cannot give any information on the human experience - have
optimistic view: humans can rise above, humans are conscious/rational beings
and are not dominated by the subconscious
behavioural, biological, cognitive, evolutional, Six maj theoretical perspectives of psychology
humanistic, psychoanalytic
Psychoanalytic experiences in early childhood govern personality and mental disorders
behavioural only observable events can be studied successfully
humanistic humans are free rational beings able to evolve and grow - different from
animals
cognitive behaviour cannot be understood without examining how people acquire, store
and process information
biological functions of a person can be explained in terms of bodily structures and
biomechanics processes
evolutionary patterns in behaviour have evolved to solve adaptive problems of a species;
natural selection, enhancing reproductive success
applied psychology branch concerned with everyday practical problems
clinical psychology branch concerned with diagnosis and treatment
cognition mental process in acquiring new knowledge
Donald Hebb - Cell assembly repeated stimulus leads to the development of new cell assemblies that
facilitate behaviour
cross-cultural research / ethnocentrism costly - time consuming - biased
positive psychology better understand positive, adaptive, creative and fulfilling aspects of the
human experience
psychology the science that studies behaviour and the psychological/cognitive processes
that underlie it
cognitive, developmental, experimental, personality, 7 major research areas for psychology
physiological, psychometrics, social
developmental psychology human development across a lifetime
social psychology interpersonal behaviour and the role of social forces that govern it
experimental psychology traditional core topics - sensation, perception, learning, conditioning,
motivation and emotions.
