CDS 420 Final Exam UPDATED ACTUAL
Questions and CORRECT Answers
What is a Speech Sound Disorder (SSD)? - CORRECT ANSWER - Speech sound difficulties
persisting past expected age; includes articulation + phonological disorders.
What is an articulation disorder? - CORRECT ANSWER - A motor-based difficulty producing
speech sounds, involving substitutions, omissions, or distortions. (atypical)
What is a phonological disorder? - CORRECT ANSWER - Difficulty understanding and using
sound patterns and rules of a language. (impaired comprehension)
What are the 3 types of articulation errors? - CORRECT ANSWER - Substitutions, omissions,
distortions
[t] place, manner, voicing - CORRECT ANSWER - Alveolar, stop, voiceless
[k] place, manner, voicing - CORRECT ANSWER - Velar, stop, voiceless
[n] place and manner - CORRECT ANSWER - Alveolar, nasal, voiced (velum down)
[s] place, manner, voicing - CORRECT ANSWER - Alveolar, fricative, voiceless
[ʃ] (sh) place and manner - CORRECT ANSWER - palatal, fricative, voiceless
[tʃ] (ch) place and manner - CORRECT ANSWER - palatal, affricate, voiceless
[l] place and manner - CORRECT ANSWER - Alveolar, liquid, voiced
, [j] (y) place and manner - CORRECT ANSWER - Palatal, glide, voiced
What is a minimal pair? - CORRECT ANSWER - Two words that differ by only one sound (e.g.,
bat vs pat)
What is phonotactics? - CORRECT ANSWER - Rules for sound combinations in a language
What is a phonemic inventory? - CORRECT ANSWER - The set of sounds a child can produce
Phonetics vs phonology - CORRECT ANSWER - Phonetics = physical sound production;
Phonology = sound system rules
Linear vs non-linear phonology - CORRECT ANSWER - Linear = sequence of sounds; Non-linear
= hierarchical/prosodic structure
Weak syllable deletion - CORRECT ANSWER - Deleting unstressed syllables (banana → nana)
Final consonant deletion - CORRECT ANSWER - Omitting final consonants (cat → ca)
Cluster reduction - CORRECT ANSWER - Simplifying consonant clusters (spoon → poon)
Stopping - CORRECT ANSWER - Replacing fricatives with stops (sun → tun)
Fronting - CORRECT ANSWER - Velar sounds replaced with alveolar (car → tar)
Gliding - CORRECT ANSWER - Liquids replaced with glides (rabbit → wabbit)
Sounds mastered by 3-4 years - CORRECT ANSWER - Stops, nasals, glides
Questions and CORRECT Answers
What is a Speech Sound Disorder (SSD)? - CORRECT ANSWER - Speech sound difficulties
persisting past expected age; includes articulation + phonological disorders.
What is an articulation disorder? - CORRECT ANSWER - A motor-based difficulty producing
speech sounds, involving substitutions, omissions, or distortions. (atypical)
What is a phonological disorder? - CORRECT ANSWER - Difficulty understanding and using
sound patterns and rules of a language. (impaired comprehension)
What are the 3 types of articulation errors? - CORRECT ANSWER - Substitutions, omissions,
distortions
[t] place, manner, voicing - CORRECT ANSWER - Alveolar, stop, voiceless
[k] place, manner, voicing - CORRECT ANSWER - Velar, stop, voiceless
[n] place and manner - CORRECT ANSWER - Alveolar, nasal, voiced (velum down)
[s] place, manner, voicing - CORRECT ANSWER - Alveolar, fricative, voiceless
[ʃ] (sh) place and manner - CORRECT ANSWER - palatal, fricative, voiceless
[tʃ] (ch) place and manner - CORRECT ANSWER - palatal, affricate, voiceless
[l] place and manner - CORRECT ANSWER - Alveolar, liquid, voiced
, [j] (y) place and manner - CORRECT ANSWER - Palatal, glide, voiced
What is a minimal pair? - CORRECT ANSWER - Two words that differ by only one sound (e.g.,
bat vs pat)
What is phonotactics? - CORRECT ANSWER - Rules for sound combinations in a language
What is a phonemic inventory? - CORRECT ANSWER - The set of sounds a child can produce
Phonetics vs phonology - CORRECT ANSWER - Phonetics = physical sound production;
Phonology = sound system rules
Linear vs non-linear phonology - CORRECT ANSWER - Linear = sequence of sounds; Non-linear
= hierarchical/prosodic structure
Weak syllable deletion - CORRECT ANSWER - Deleting unstressed syllables (banana → nana)
Final consonant deletion - CORRECT ANSWER - Omitting final consonants (cat → ca)
Cluster reduction - CORRECT ANSWER - Simplifying consonant clusters (spoon → poon)
Stopping - CORRECT ANSWER - Replacing fricatives with stops (sun → tun)
Fronting - CORRECT ANSWER - Velar sounds replaced with alveolar (car → tar)
Gliding - CORRECT ANSWER - Liquids replaced with glides (rabbit → wabbit)
Sounds mastered by 3-4 years - CORRECT ANSWER - Stops, nasals, glides
