South Dakota State University Bio Exam 1Questions And Answers 100% Verified

independent variable - correct answers variable that is manipulated (cause) dependent variable - correct answers The measurable effect, outcome, or response in which the research is interested. (effect) control group - correct answers the group that does not receive the experimental treatment. experimental group - correct answers the group in an experiment that receives the variable being tested Increasing Confidence in Conclusions - correct answers 1.Effective use of control groups and control variables 2.Randomization 3. Replication of experiment and control groups 4. Statistical Analysis Population - correct answers every possible member of that group/category (true mean) Sample - correct answers part of a population (estimates the entire population) (est mean) Error - correct answers How far off of the true mean you are(variation) mean - correct answers average t-test - correct answers a statistical test used to evaluate the size and significance of the difference between two samples common traits of life - correct answers 1 Made of Cells 2Use DNA and reproduce 3 use energy 4 sense and respond to their environment 5 maintain internal conditions 6 capable of evolving cell theory - correct answers idea that all living things are composed of cells, cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things, and new cells are produced from existing cells DNA - correct answers Information molecule and some carry genes, every single cell organism contains DNA molecules with the same sequence Gene - correct answers Responsible for traits DNA sequence that has instructions for making proteins and RNA Heredity info - correct answers passed from one generation to the next Asexual - correct answers Low genetic variation Sexual - correct answers High genetic variation Organic molecules - correct answers any molecule that has carbon or nitrogen connected to hydrogen ex. C=O=C is inorganic nucleic acid monomer - correct answers nucleotide (in both RNA and DNA), phosphate+sugar+base nucleic acid polymer - correct answers DNA and RNA nucleic acid functions - correct answers info storage and transmission, heredity, energy transfer Carbohydrates monomer and polymer - correct answers monosaccharide: glucose, ribose, polysaccharide: strach, cellulose, glycogen Carb Functions - correct answers Energy storage (in their bonds) structure (like cell walls) ATP - correct answers powers most biological reactions, short term memory storage, bonds between phosphates are broke to provide energy Lipids Functions (hydrophobic) - correct answers long term energy storage-fats and oils, plasma membranes-fatty acids, cell signaling(hormones)-steroids Lipid monomers and polymers - correct answers M- fatty acids P-fats, oils, waxes Triglycerides - correct answers stores surplus of energy Saturated Fats - correct answers solid at room temperature unsaturated fats - correct answers A fat that is liquid at room temperature and found in vegetable oils, nuts, and seeds. Protein functions (dependent on structure) - correct answers structure, transport, cell signaling, enzymatic reactions Protein Monomer and polymer - correct answers amino acid, polypeptide Denaturing - correct answers changing the conformation of a protein through, pH, high temperature, or salt concentration changes- Proteins lose their function Macromolecules - correct answers polymers built with monomers that are organic and built with individual subunits Monomers - correct answers subunit of macromolecules that can join together with other small units to form polymers Polymers - correct answers joined by covalent bonds Macromolecules - correct answers lipids, carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids Hydrogen bond - correct answers A type of weak chemical bond formed when the slightly positive hydrogen atom of a polar covalent bond in one molecule is attracted to the slightly negative atom of a polar covalent bond in another molecule. Covalent Bond - correct answers A chemical bond that involves sharing a pair of electrons between atoms in a molecule(strong) Ionic Bond - correct answers the attraction between oppositely charged ions Non-polar - correct answers No associated charge, hydrophobic Polar - correct answers partical charge, oxygen/nitrogen tip, hydrophillic Water - correct answers Most important molecule on earth -good dissolver -enables cell membranes to form -adhesion and cohesion -frozen water floats -moderates temp changes -all known biological reactions occur in aqueous solutions Ions - correct answers charged particles molecules - correct answers substances held together by covalent bonds or ionic bonds atoms - correct answers made up of protons+, neutrons(no charge), and electrons- Elements - correct answers Cannot be broken down into any other simpler substance (defined by their proton in the nuclei)