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Management test questions
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what is management?
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what is management?
The organisation and coordination of the activities of a business in order to achieve defined objectives.
what is the process of management
resources-> (planning, organising, leading, controlling)-> performance
what is planning?
defining goals for future organisational performance, deciding on tasks, and resources needed
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what is organising?
resource allocation, task assingment and departmentalisation
what is leading?
influencing employees to achieve organisational objectives
controlling
Monitoring employees activities, tracking organisation towards its goals
what characterises organisational performance
effectiveness (extent organisation achieves objectives) and efficiency (resources used in order to fulfil objectives)
what are the 3 management skills?
conceptual, human, technical
what is conceptual skills?
ability to see organisational as whole, with interdependent relationships
what are human skills?
ability to work with and through others. be an effective team member
what are technical skills?
industry specific skills, analytical skills. performance of specific task
what are manager roles?
informational, interpersonal, decisional
what is decisional management roles?
entrepeneur, disturbance handler, resource allocator, negotiator
what are interpersonal roles?
figurehead, leader, liason
what are informational roles?
monitor, disseminator,
spokesperson
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what is classical perspective?
Emerged during the 19th and early 20th centuries as a response to new problems arising from industrialisation (environmental forces)
what is scientific management?
Develop standard method for performing each job Select and train workers Support workers (careful planning) Provide incentives
(wages)
what is bureaucratic organisations?
Originated by Max Weber • Focused on:–Rational authorityand formal structure–Employee selection and advancement based on
merit rather than ‘who you know’ –Rules and written records –Authority based on position/legal power
what is administrative principles?
Unity of command • Division of work • Scalar chain • Unity of directiontotal organisation focus
what is humanistic perspective?
Emphasised the importance of understandinghuman behaviours, needs and attitudesin the workplace
what is the human relations movement?
Suggests effective control comes from within individuals, not adherence to strict, authoritarian control
what is indicated in the hawthorne studies?
Highlighted positive link between humane treatment ofworkers and productivity
what is human resources perspective?
Further developed the idea of considerate leadershipand worker participation• Combines prescriptions forjob design and theories of
motivation
what is theory x and theory y
THEORY X assumptionshumans dislike workmust coerce, control, direct and punish in order to achieve organisational
objectivesperfers to be directed, avoids responsibilityTHEORY Y assumptionsphysical and mental effort is naturalexternal control is
not the only effective way of bringing humans to achieve organisational objectiveslearns and accepts responsibilitycreativity,
imagination etc, are common in problem solvinghumans are not at full capacity in industrialised society
what is behavioral sciences approach?
use of sociolog, econimics and psychology in organisational context
what is the management science perspective?
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