Comprehensive Pharmacology and Nursing Care for Pain,
Seizures, and Overdose Management UPDATED ACTUAL
Questions and CORRECT Answers
What is the reversal agent for opioid overdose? Naloxone (Narcan).
What are the priority actions during an opioid Administer naloxone, provide oxygenation, and secure the airway.
overdose?
What is the primary risk associated with the overuse of Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) and GI ulceration.
NSAIDs?
What is the antidote for Tylenol (acetaminophen) Acetylcysteine.
overdose?
What is the primary nursing consideration after Securing the airway and monitoring for malignant hyperthermia.
administering neuromuscular blocking agents?
What medication is used to treat malignant Dantrolene.
hyperthermia?
What are the contraindications for triptans used in Cardiovascular conditions due to their vasoconstrictive properties.
migraine treatment?
What is the first-line treatment for an active seizure? Benzodiazepines (e.g., lorazepam, diazepam, or midazolam).
What is the therapeutic serum range for phenytoin 10-20 mcg/mL.
(Dilantin)?
Which anti-epileptic drug is considered the worst for Valproic acid (Depakote).
pregnancy due to neural tube defects?
What is a major safety concern when administering The patient must remain upright for 30-60 minutes after administration to
Fosamax for osteoporosis? prevent esophagitis and esophageal ulceration.
What is the primary difference in MOA between Colchicine is used for acute gout flares, while allopurinol is used for long-term
colchicine and allopurinol for gout? management of uric acid levels.
What is the purpose of carbidopa in the combination It prevents the conversion of levodopa into dopamine in the periphery,
drug levodopa-carbidopa? allowing more to cross the blood-brain barrier.
What is the reversal agent for benzodiazepines? Flumazenil.
What is the primary MOA of SSRIs and SNRIs in treating They increase the availability of serotonin (and norepinephrine for SNRIs) in the
depression? synaptic cleft.
What is a critical nursing consideration for patients Maintain consistent salt and fluid intake to prevent toxicity.
taking Lithium?
What are the signs of Lithium toxicity? Metallic taste, diarrhea, nausea, polyuria, polydipsia, and confusion.
, What are extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) associated Akathisia, tardive dyskinesia, parkinsonism, and dystonia.
with anti-psychotics?
What is the black box warning for amphetamines used Risk of sudden cardiac death from misuse.
in ADHD?
Why is methadone used in substance abuse treatment? It is a long-acting opioid agonist used to transition patients from illicit opioids
and prevent severe withdrawal symptoms.
What is the 'ceiling effect' of buprenorphine? It limits the risk of overdose compared to full opioid agonists.
What does the acronym SLUDGE represent regarding Salivation, Lacrimation, Urination, Defecation, GI distress, and Emesis.
cholinergic crisis?
What is the antidote for a cholinergic crisis? Atropine.
What are the common adverse effects of muscle CNS depression, specifically drowsiness.
relaxers?
What is the primary reason for the black box warning Risk of severe skin reactions, specifically TEN (Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis) and
on lamotrigine and tegretol? SJS (Stevens-Johnson Syndrome).
What is the MOA of local anesthetics like lidocaine? Sodium channel blockade to inhibit nerve signal transmission.
What is the primary reason patients seek hospital care? Pain
Which federal agency enforces the Controlled The Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA)
Substances Act?
What characterizes a Schedule I controlled substance? It has no accepted medical use.
What is the primary physiological effect of chronic Tolerance
opioid use?
What is the Black-Box Warning associated with all Risk of coma and death from respiratory depression.
opioids?
Seizures, and Overdose Management UPDATED ACTUAL
Questions and CORRECT Answers
What is the reversal agent for opioid overdose? Naloxone (Narcan).
What are the priority actions during an opioid Administer naloxone, provide oxygenation, and secure the airway.
overdose?
What is the primary risk associated with the overuse of Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) and GI ulceration.
NSAIDs?
What is the antidote for Tylenol (acetaminophen) Acetylcysteine.
overdose?
What is the primary nursing consideration after Securing the airway and monitoring for malignant hyperthermia.
administering neuromuscular blocking agents?
What medication is used to treat malignant Dantrolene.
hyperthermia?
What are the contraindications for triptans used in Cardiovascular conditions due to their vasoconstrictive properties.
migraine treatment?
What is the first-line treatment for an active seizure? Benzodiazepines (e.g., lorazepam, diazepam, or midazolam).
What is the therapeutic serum range for phenytoin 10-20 mcg/mL.
(Dilantin)?
Which anti-epileptic drug is considered the worst for Valproic acid (Depakote).
pregnancy due to neural tube defects?
What is a major safety concern when administering The patient must remain upright for 30-60 minutes after administration to
Fosamax for osteoporosis? prevent esophagitis and esophageal ulceration.
What is the primary difference in MOA between Colchicine is used for acute gout flares, while allopurinol is used for long-term
colchicine and allopurinol for gout? management of uric acid levels.
What is the purpose of carbidopa in the combination It prevents the conversion of levodopa into dopamine in the periphery,
drug levodopa-carbidopa? allowing more to cross the blood-brain barrier.
What is the reversal agent for benzodiazepines? Flumazenil.
What is the primary MOA of SSRIs and SNRIs in treating They increase the availability of serotonin (and norepinephrine for SNRIs) in the
depression? synaptic cleft.
What is a critical nursing consideration for patients Maintain consistent salt and fluid intake to prevent toxicity.
taking Lithium?
What are the signs of Lithium toxicity? Metallic taste, diarrhea, nausea, polyuria, polydipsia, and confusion.
, What are extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) associated Akathisia, tardive dyskinesia, parkinsonism, and dystonia.
with anti-psychotics?
What is the black box warning for amphetamines used Risk of sudden cardiac death from misuse.
in ADHD?
Why is methadone used in substance abuse treatment? It is a long-acting opioid agonist used to transition patients from illicit opioids
and prevent severe withdrawal symptoms.
What is the 'ceiling effect' of buprenorphine? It limits the risk of overdose compared to full opioid agonists.
What does the acronym SLUDGE represent regarding Salivation, Lacrimation, Urination, Defecation, GI distress, and Emesis.
cholinergic crisis?
What is the antidote for a cholinergic crisis? Atropine.
What are the common adverse effects of muscle CNS depression, specifically drowsiness.
relaxers?
What is the primary reason for the black box warning Risk of severe skin reactions, specifically TEN (Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis) and
on lamotrigine and tegretol? SJS (Stevens-Johnson Syndrome).
What is the MOA of local anesthetics like lidocaine? Sodium channel blockade to inhibit nerve signal transmission.
What is the primary reason patients seek hospital care? Pain
Which federal agency enforces the Controlled The Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA)
Substances Act?
What characterizes a Schedule I controlled substance? It has no accepted medical use.
What is the primary physiological effect of chronic Tolerance
opioid use?
What is the Black-Box Warning associated with all Risk of coma and death from respiratory depression.
opioids?
