NURSING ACTUAL EXAM
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QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
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The nurse is assessing a newborn
immediately after birth. Which finding
requires priority intervention?
A. Heart rate of 150 bpm
B. Respiratory rate of 62/min with grunting
C. Acrocyanosis of hands and feet
D. Temperature of 36.8°C
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A respiratory rate above 60 accompanied
,by grunting indicates respiratory distress, which is a
priority because airway and breathing are always
assessed first in neonates. Grunting reflects an
attempt to maintain airway pressure and prevent
alveolar collapse. While acrocyanosis is a normal
finding shortly after birth and a heart rate of 150
bpm is within normal limits, respiratory compromise
can rapidly deteriorate if not addressed. Immediate
interventions such as airway support and oxygen
may be required.
A nurse is caring for a newborn at risk for cold
stress. Which intervention is most appropriate?
A. Place the newborn under a fan
B. Delay drying after birth
C. Dry the newborn immediately and provide skin-
to-skin contact
D. Bathe the newborn within 1 hour
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Immediate drying and skin-to-skin
contact reduce heat loss via evaporation and promote
thermoregulation. Newborns have limited ability to
regulate temperature due to decreased brown fat and
a large surface area. Exposure to drafts or delayed
drying increases heat loss, leading to cold stress,
,which can result in hypoglycemia and respiratory
distress.
Which newborn is at highest risk for
hypoglycemia? (Select all that apply)
A. Infant of a diabetic mother
B. Large for gestational age infant
C. Small for gestational age infant
D. Preterm infant
E. Full-term infant with no complications
Correct Answers: A, B, C, D
Rationale: Infants of diabetic mothers often produce
excess insulin, leading to hypoglycemia after birth.
Both LGA and SGA infants have altered glucose
stores and metabolism. Preterm infants have
immature metabolic regulation and limited glycogen
stores. A healthy full-term infant without
complications is not typically at high risk.
The nurse notes a newborn temperature of
35.8°C. What is the priority action?
A. Initiate feeding
B. Rewarm the newborn
C. Administer oxygen
D. Check bilirubin levels
Correct Answer: B
, Rationale: A temperature below 36°C indicates cold
stress, requiring immediate rewarming. Hypothermia
increases oxygen consumption and glucose
utilization, potentially leading to hypoglycemia and
respiratory distress. Addressing temperature is the
priority before other interventions.
A newborn has a cephalohematoma. Which
statement is correct?
A. It crosses suture lines
B. It resolves within 24 hours
C. It may increase risk for jaundice
D. It is soft and spongy
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cephalohematoma involves bleeding
under the periosteum and does not cross suture lines.
Breakdown of accumulated red blood cells increases
bilirubin levels, raising the risk of jaundice. It
typically resolves over weeks to months, not
immediately.
Which finding is expected in a healthy newborn
during the first period of reactivity?
A. Deep sleep and unresponsiveness
B. Slow heart rate
C. Irregular respirations with possible brief apnea