NURS 5334 ADVANCED PHARM FINAL EXAM 2026
UTA QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED CORRECT
ANSWERS COMPLETE STUDY GUIDE LATEST
UPDATE
• This is a comprehensive 200-question multiple-choice study guide for NURS 5334
Advanced Pharmacology Final Exam 2026 at UTA, covering all major drug classes,
mechanisms, and clinical applications tested in the course.
• Use this guide by attempting each question first before revealing the correct
answer and EXPERT RATIONALE — this active recall method significantly improves
retention and exam performance.
NURS 5334 ADVANCED PHARMACOLOGY FINAL EXAM 2026 — UTA
Complete Study Guide | 200 Questions with Verified Correct Answers
QUESTION 1: A patient is prescribed metformin for type 2 diabetes. Which of
the following best describes the primary mechanism of action of metformin?
A. Stimulates insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells
B. Inhibits alpha-glucosidase enzymes in the intestine
C. Increases insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues and inhibits hepatic
gluconeogenesis
D. Blocks renal glucose reabsorption via SGLT-2 inhibition
E. Mimics the action of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1)
Correct Answer: C. Increases insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues and
inhibits hepatic gluconeogenesis
EXPERT RATIONALE: Metformin works primarily by suppressing hepatic glucose
production (gluconeogenesis) and improving insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscle
and adipose tissue. It does not stimulate insulin secretion and therefore carries a
low risk of hypoglycemia. It activates AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), which
plays a central role in its mechanism.
,QUESTION 2: A nurse practitioner is prescribing a beta-1 selective adrenergic
blocker for a patient with hypertension and asthma. Which drug is most
appropriate?
A. Carvedilol
B. Propranolol
C. Labetalol
D. Metoprolol succinate
E. Nadolol
Correct Answer: D. Metoprolol succinate
EXPERT RATIONALE: Metoprolol succinate is a cardioselective (beta-1 selective)
beta-blocker, making it safer in patients with reactive airway disease such as
asthma. Non-selective beta-blockers like propranolol, nadolol, carvedilol, and
labetalol block beta-2 receptors in the lungs, potentially causing
bronchoconstriction.
QUESTION 3: Which of the following antibiotics acts by inhibiting cell wall
synthesis by binding to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs)?
A. Azithromycin
B. Doxycycline
C. Amoxicillin
D. Ciprofloxacin
E. Metronidazole
Correct Answer: C. Amoxicillin
EXPERT RATIONALE: Amoxicillin is a beta-lactam antibiotic that inhibits
bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs),
preventing cross-linking of peptidoglycan chains. Azithromycin and doxycycline
,inhibit protein synthesis; ciprofloxacin inhibits DNA gyrase; metronidazole disrupts
DNA in anaerobes.
QUESTION 4: A patient on warfarin therapy has an INR of 6.5 with no signs of
active bleeding. What is the most appropriate management?
A. Administer IV vitamin K 10 mg immediately
B. Continue warfarin at the same dose and recheck INR in one week
C. Hold warfarin, administer oral vitamin K 2.5 mg, and recheck INR in 24–48 hours
D. Administer fresh frozen plasma (FFP) immediately
E. Discontinue warfarin permanently
Correct Answer: C. Hold warfarin, administer oral vitamin K 2.5 mg, and
recheck INR in 24–48 hours
EXPERT RATIONALE: For a supratherapeutic INR (>5) without bleeding, the
recommended approach is to hold warfarin and give a low oral dose of vitamin K to
gently lower the INR. IV vitamin K is reserved for serious or life-threatening
bleeding. FFP is used in acute hemorrhage requiring rapid reversal.
QUESTION 5: Which of the following is the antidote for acetaminophen
toxicity?
A. Flumazenil
B. Naloxone
C. N-acetylcysteine (NAC)
D. Activated charcoal
E. Fomepizole
Correct Answer: C. N-acetylcysteine (NAC)
, EXPERT RATIONALE: NAC replenishes glutathione stores depleted by the toxic
metabolite NAPQI (N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone imine), which accumulates in
acetaminophen overdose and causes hepatocellular necrosis. NAC is most effective
when given within 8–10 hours of ingestion.
QUESTION 6: A patient with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction
(HFrEF) is started on lisinopril. Which of the following best explains the
benefit of ACE inhibitors in this condition?
A. They increase preload by promoting sodium and water retention
B. They reduce afterload and preload by blocking angiotensin II-mediated
vasoconstriction and aldosterone release
C. They increase heart rate to improve cardiac output
D. They block beta-adrenergic receptors to reduce myocardial oxygen demand
E. They directly increase myocardial contractility
Correct Answer: B. They reduce afterload and preload by blocking
angiotensin II-mediated vasoconstriction and aldosterone release
EXPERT RATIONALE: ACE inhibitors like lisinopril prevent the conversion of
angiotensin I to angiotensin II, reducing vasoconstriction (afterload) and
aldosterone secretion (which reduces preload). This improves cardiac remodeling
and reduces morbidity and mortality in HFrEF.
QUESTION 7: Which of the following medications is classified as a Class III
antiarrhythmic and works by blocking potassium channels?
A. Lidocaine
B. Flecainide
C. Verapamil
D. Amiodarone
UTA QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED CORRECT
ANSWERS COMPLETE STUDY GUIDE LATEST
UPDATE
• This is a comprehensive 200-question multiple-choice study guide for NURS 5334
Advanced Pharmacology Final Exam 2026 at UTA, covering all major drug classes,
mechanisms, and clinical applications tested in the course.
• Use this guide by attempting each question first before revealing the correct
answer and EXPERT RATIONALE — this active recall method significantly improves
retention and exam performance.
NURS 5334 ADVANCED PHARMACOLOGY FINAL EXAM 2026 — UTA
Complete Study Guide | 200 Questions with Verified Correct Answers
QUESTION 1: A patient is prescribed metformin for type 2 diabetes. Which of
the following best describes the primary mechanism of action of metformin?
A. Stimulates insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells
B. Inhibits alpha-glucosidase enzymes in the intestine
C. Increases insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues and inhibits hepatic
gluconeogenesis
D. Blocks renal glucose reabsorption via SGLT-2 inhibition
E. Mimics the action of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1)
Correct Answer: C. Increases insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues and
inhibits hepatic gluconeogenesis
EXPERT RATIONALE: Metformin works primarily by suppressing hepatic glucose
production (gluconeogenesis) and improving insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscle
and adipose tissue. It does not stimulate insulin secretion and therefore carries a
low risk of hypoglycemia. It activates AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), which
plays a central role in its mechanism.
,QUESTION 2: A nurse practitioner is prescribing a beta-1 selective adrenergic
blocker for a patient with hypertension and asthma. Which drug is most
appropriate?
A. Carvedilol
B. Propranolol
C. Labetalol
D. Metoprolol succinate
E. Nadolol
Correct Answer: D. Metoprolol succinate
EXPERT RATIONALE: Metoprolol succinate is a cardioselective (beta-1 selective)
beta-blocker, making it safer in patients with reactive airway disease such as
asthma. Non-selective beta-blockers like propranolol, nadolol, carvedilol, and
labetalol block beta-2 receptors in the lungs, potentially causing
bronchoconstriction.
QUESTION 3: Which of the following antibiotics acts by inhibiting cell wall
synthesis by binding to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs)?
A. Azithromycin
B. Doxycycline
C. Amoxicillin
D. Ciprofloxacin
E. Metronidazole
Correct Answer: C. Amoxicillin
EXPERT RATIONALE: Amoxicillin is a beta-lactam antibiotic that inhibits
bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs),
preventing cross-linking of peptidoglycan chains. Azithromycin and doxycycline
,inhibit protein synthesis; ciprofloxacin inhibits DNA gyrase; metronidazole disrupts
DNA in anaerobes.
QUESTION 4: A patient on warfarin therapy has an INR of 6.5 with no signs of
active bleeding. What is the most appropriate management?
A. Administer IV vitamin K 10 mg immediately
B. Continue warfarin at the same dose and recheck INR in one week
C. Hold warfarin, administer oral vitamin K 2.5 mg, and recheck INR in 24–48 hours
D. Administer fresh frozen plasma (FFP) immediately
E. Discontinue warfarin permanently
Correct Answer: C. Hold warfarin, administer oral vitamin K 2.5 mg, and
recheck INR in 24–48 hours
EXPERT RATIONALE: For a supratherapeutic INR (>5) without bleeding, the
recommended approach is to hold warfarin and give a low oral dose of vitamin K to
gently lower the INR. IV vitamin K is reserved for serious or life-threatening
bleeding. FFP is used in acute hemorrhage requiring rapid reversal.
QUESTION 5: Which of the following is the antidote for acetaminophen
toxicity?
A. Flumazenil
B. Naloxone
C. N-acetylcysteine (NAC)
D. Activated charcoal
E. Fomepizole
Correct Answer: C. N-acetylcysteine (NAC)
, EXPERT RATIONALE: NAC replenishes glutathione stores depleted by the toxic
metabolite NAPQI (N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone imine), which accumulates in
acetaminophen overdose and causes hepatocellular necrosis. NAC is most effective
when given within 8–10 hours of ingestion.
QUESTION 6: A patient with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction
(HFrEF) is started on lisinopril. Which of the following best explains the
benefit of ACE inhibitors in this condition?
A. They increase preload by promoting sodium and water retention
B. They reduce afterload and preload by blocking angiotensin II-mediated
vasoconstriction and aldosterone release
C. They increase heart rate to improve cardiac output
D. They block beta-adrenergic receptors to reduce myocardial oxygen demand
E. They directly increase myocardial contractility
Correct Answer: B. They reduce afterload and preload by blocking
angiotensin II-mediated vasoconstriction and aldosterone release
EXPERT RATIONALE: ACE inhibitors like lisinopril prevent the conversion of
angiotensin I to angiotensin II, reducing vasoconstriction (afterload) and
aldosterone secretion (which reduces preload). This improves cardiac remodeling
and reduces morbidity and mortality in HFrEF.
QUESTION 7: Which of the following medications is classified as a Class III
antiarrhythmic and works by blocking potassium channels?
A. Lidocaine
B. Flecainide
C. Verapamil
D. Amiodarone
