Family Practice 3: HTN
EXAM QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED CORRECT
ANSWERS [LATEST] 100%
GUARANTEED PASS
The Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS) is a hormonal system that regulates blood
pressure and fluid balance by releasing hormones like renin, angiotensin II, and aldosterone,
ultimately increasing blood pressure and water
retention.
RAAS system
Low Blood Pressure/Volume:
When the body senses low blood pressure or volume, the kidneys release ________. - CORRECT
ANSWER-- renin
Low Blood Pressure/Volume: When the body senses low blood pressure or
volume, the kidneys release renin.
RAAS system
,Renin's Role - CORRECT ANSWER-Renin converts a protein(angiotensinogen) into angiotensin I.
RAAS system
Angiotensin II Formation - CORRECT ANSWER-Angiotensin I is further converted to angiotensin II
by
an enzyme called ACE (angiotensin-converting enzyme).
RAAS system
Angiotensin II's Effects: - CORRECT ANSWER-Vasoconstriction
- Narrowing of blood vessels
- increasing blood pressure.
Aldosterone Release
- Angiotensin II triggers the adrenal glands to release
aldosterone.
Sodium and Water Retention
- Aldosterone causes the kidneys to retain sodium and water, increasing blood volume and
further raising blood
pressure.
RAAS system
Overall Goal - CORRECT ANSWER-The RAAS system aims to restore blood pressure and fluid
balance
,by increasing blood volume and vascular resistance.
Define the terms nocturnal "dippers" and "non-dippers," and the implications of this BP
pattern for CVD risk and HTN management. - CORRECT ANSWER-Dippers
- BP naturally dips 15% at night
Non-dippers
- BP dips less than 10% at night
- much harder to achieve BP control
- Higher risk for CVD and renal disease
- Take BP meds at night (if once a day) to help restore natural dipping
Evaluate risk factors for HTN and identify how these should guide therapy - CORRECT ANSWER--
Obesity
- Tobacco use
- Excessive alcohol use
- Low physical activity
- High fat in diet
- High sodium in diet
- Metabolic syndrome
- Black ethnicity (NM)
- Older age (NM)
- Family history (NM)
- Male (NM)
, Identify and describe key features of BP measurement methods for clinic monitoring BP,
including BP levels for assessing HTN. - CORRECT ANSWER-- Sitting with a back on the chair for 5
minutes before taking.
- No food, drink, alcohol, caffeine, tobacco for 30 minutes before
- Cuff is 80% circumference of the arm
- Arm is resting at level of the heart
- Take on both arms (use higher reading for second reading if necessary)
- Manual BP is best when you get a high reading
- Feet flat on the floor, no crossed legs
- No speaking
Identify and describe key features of BP measurement methods for home monitoring BP
(HBPM), including BP levels for assessing HTN.
(Patient info for keeping a BP log) - CORRECT ANSWER-Home BP
- Use a log at home
- Take BP meds before
- Empty bladder before
- Same as clinic
- 2-3 measures one minute apart in AM and PM for 7 days
- Provider should ignore all DAY 1 readings and the first reading of every day after, then take the
average of the rest of the readings
- If the average is over 135/85 = HTN
Define the indications for ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) - CORRECT ANSWER-- Pregnancy
- White coat syndrome
- Suspected episodic hypertension (eg, pheochromocytoma)
EXAM QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED CORRECT
ANSWERS [LATEST] 100%
GUARANTEED PASS
The Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS) is a hormonal system that regulates blood
pressure and fluid balance by releasing hormones like renin, angiotensin II, and aldosterone,
ultimately increasing blood pressure and water
retention.
RAAS system
Low Blood Pressure/Volume:
When the body senses low blood pressure or volume, the kidneys release ________. - CORRECT
ANSWER-- renin
Low Blood Pressure/Volume: When the body senses low blood pressure or
volume, the kidneys release renin.
RAAS system
,Renin's Role - CORRECT ANSWER-Renin converts a protein(angiotensinogen) into angiotensin I.
RAAS system
Angiotensin II Formation - CORRECT ANSWER-Angiotensin I is further converted to angiotensin II
by
an enzyme called ACE (angiotensin-converting enzyme).
RAAS system
Angiotensin II's Effects: - CORRECT ANSWER-Vasoconstriction
- Narrowing of blood vessels
- increasing blood pressure.
Aldosterone Release
- Angiotensin II triggers the adrenal glands to release
aldosterone.
Sodium and Water Retention
- Aldosterone causes the kidneys to retain sodium and water, increasing blood volume and
further raising blood
pressure.
RAAS system
Overall Goal - CORRECT ANSWER-The RAAS system aims to restore blood pressure and fluid
balance
,by increasing blood volume and vascular resistance.
Define the terms nocturnal "dippers" and "non-dippers," and the implications of this BP
pattern for CVD risk and HTN management. - CORRECT ANSWER-Dippers
- BP naturally dips 15% at night
Non-dippers
- BP dips less than 10% at night
- much harder to achieve BP control
- Higher risk for CVD and renal disease
- Take BP meds at night (if once a day) to help restore natural dipping
Evaluate risk factors for HTN and identify how these should guide therapy - CORRECT ANSWER--
Obesity
- Tobacco use
- Excessive alcohol use
- Low physical activity
- High fat in diet
- High sodium in diet
- Metabolic syndrome
- Black ethnicity (NM)
- Older age (NM)
- Family history (NM)
- Male (NM)
, Identify and describe key features of BP measurement methods for clinic monitoring BP,
including BP levels for assessing HTN. - CORRECT ANSWER-- Sitting with a back on the chair for 5
minutes before taking.
- No food, drink, alcohol, caffeine, tobacco for 30 minutes before
- Cuff is 80% circumference of the arm
- Arm is resting at level of the heart
- Take on both arms (use higher reading for second reading if necessary)
- Manual BP is best when you get a high reading
- Feet flat on the floor, no crossed legs
- No speaking
Identify and describe key features of BP measurement methods for home monitoring BP
(HBPM), including BP levels for assessing HTN.
(Patient info for keeping a BP log) - CORRECT ANSWER-Home BP
- Use a log at home
- Take BP meds before
- Empty bladder before
- Same as clinic
- 2-3 measures one minute apart in AM and PM for 7 days
- Provider should ignore all DAY 1 readings and the first reading of every day after, then take the
average of the rest of the readings
- If the average is over 135/85 = HTN
Define the indications for ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) - CORRECT ANSWER-- Pregnancy
- White coat syndrome
- Suspected episodic hypertension (eg, pheochromocytoma)
