Fundamentals: Patient Care Exam 2 Test Review (NR226)
UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT Anwers
What are some of the factors affecting sleep? -Drugs/substances
-Lifestyle (night shift, studying at night)
-Usual sleep patterns (average sleep amount in US has decreased in last
century)
-Emotional stress
-Environment
-Exercise/fatigue
-Food/caloric intake
Sleep apnea risk factors -obesity
-neck circumference (thicker necks = narrower airways, which is also a risk
factor)
-being male
-fam history
-being older
-use of alcohol, sedatives, tranquilizers, smoking
Sleep apnea safety concerns -Hypertension
-Stroke
-Heart failure
-Arrhythmias, MI
-Diabetes
-Depression
-Worsening of ADHD/headaches
Narcolepsy safety concerns -causes about 25% of all motor accidents in US
-increased risk for anxiety/depression
-heightened risk for sleep walking
-lowers quality of life and heightens risk for work related injury
Interventions that promote sleep -Environmental Controls: comfortable room temp/ventilation, minimal noise,
-sleep-wake pattern
-maintain reg bedtime/wake schedule
-eliminate naps/limit them to 20 min
-go to bed when sleepy
Medications
-only use sedatives/hypnotics as a last resort
-adjust meds being taken for other things
Diet
-limit alcohol, caffeine/nicotine late in day
-consume carbs/milk b4 bed
-decrease fluids 2-4 hrs before
, How can sleep apnea be reduced CPAP: (continuous positive airway pressure) machine works by blowing air into
the throat via a mask, subtly increasing air pressure in the throat and preventing
the airway from narrowing.
-supplemental O2
-Adaptive servo-ventilation (ASV)
The client's sleep-wake cycle preference is late I don't know what this question is asking really but yes. If that is the case, adjust
evening. could be normal care to suit patient's sleep preference (schedule meals, medications around the
times that he would like and apply the above sleep-promoting interventions)
What should a client avoid with narcolepsy? client with narcolepsy should avoid factors that increase drowsiness such as:
Alcohol
Heavy meals
Exhausting activities
Long-distance driving
Long periods of sitting in hot, stuffy rooms
S/S sleep deprivation Irritability
Fatigue
Mood changes
Difficulty focusing and remembering
REduced sex drive
Nursing interventions for sleep disturbances -Elevate head of bed and provide extra pillows as preferred
-Use analgesics 30 minutes before bedtime as needed to promote comfort
-Adhere to patient's preferred sleep schedule and stick to wake-up and sleep
times
-Instruct patient to avoid caffeine/nicotine before bed
-Limit food/drink before bed to decrease chances of nocturia
Primary safety concerns for older adults -Falls risk
-Increased risk of delirium or dementia
-Increased risk of depression
-Lower sleep quality/amount of sleep
How do you address safety concerns for older adults? i. Falls and falls prevention methods
ii. Teach the client about all their medications
Common cognitive changes with aging -delirium
-dementia
-depression
*Symptoms of cognition impairment*
-disorientation
-loss of language skills
-loss of ability to calculate
-poor judgement are NOT common and require further assessment of
underlying causes
UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT Anwers
What are some of the factors affecting sleep? -Drugs/substances
-Lifestyle (night shift, studying at night)
-Usual sleep patterns (average sleep amount in US has decreased in last
century)
-Emotional stress
-Environment
-Exercise/fatigue
-Food/caloric intake
Sleep apnea risk factors -obesity
-neck circumference (thicker necks = narrower airways, which is also a risk
factor)
-being male
-fam history
-being older
-use of alcohol, sedatives, tranquilizers, smoking
Sleep apnea safety concerns -Hypertension
-Stroke
-Heart failure
-Arrhythmias, MI
-Diabetes
-Depression
-Worsening of ADHD/headaches
Narcolepsy safety concerns -causes about 25% of all motor accidents in US
-increased risk for anxiety/depression
-heightened risk for sleep walking
-lowers quality of life and heightens risk for work related injury
Interventions that promote sleep -Environmental Controls: comfortable room temp/ventilation, minimal noise,
-sleep-wake pattern
-maintain reg bedtime/wake schedule
-eliminate naps/limit them to 20 min
-go to bed when sleepy
Medications
-only use sedatives/hypnotics as a last resort
-adjust meds being taken for other things
Diet
-limit alcohol, caffeine/nicotine late in day
-consume carbs/milk b4 bed
-decrease fluids 2-4 hrs before
, How can sleep apnea be reduced CPAP: (continuous positive airway pressure) machine works by blowing air into
the throat via a mask, subtly increasing air pressure in the throat and preventing
the airway from narrowing.
-supplemental O2
-Adaptive servo-ventilation (ASV)
The client's sleep-wake cycle preference is late I don't know what this question is asking really but yes. If that is the case, adjust
evening. could be normal care to suit patient's sleep preference (schedule meals, medications around the
times that he would like and apply the above sleep-promoting interventions)
What should a client avoid with narcolepsy? client with narcolepsy should avoid factors that increase drowsiness such as:
Alcohol
Heavy meals
Exhausting activities
Long-distance driving
Long periods of sitting in hot, stuffy rooms
S/S sleep deprivation Irritability
Fatigue
Mood changes
Difficulty focusing and remembering
REduced sex drive
Nursing interventions for sleep disturbances -Elevate head of bed and provide extra pillows as preferred
-Use analgesics 30 minutes before bedtime as needed to promote comfort
-Adhere to patient's preferred sleep schedule and stick to wake-up and sleep
times
-Instruct patient to avoid caffeine/nicotine before bed
-Limit food/drink before bed to decrease chances of nocturia
Primary safety concerns for older adults -Falls risk
-Increased risk of delirium or dementia
-Increased risk of depression
-Lower sleep quality/amount of sleep
How do you address safety concerns for older adults? i. Falls and falls prevention methods
ii. Teach the client about all their medications
Common cognitive changes with aging -delirium
-dementia
-depression
*Symptoms of cognition impairment*
-disorientation
-loss of language skills
-loss of ability to calculate
-poor judgement are NOT common and require further assessment of
underlying causes
