Day 1 & 2 terms + Case study quiz Questions and Answers

Day 1 & 2 terms + Case study quiz Questions and Answers Evolution by natural selection Populations change over time in response to the environment; survival of the fittest according to Darwin Osmosis Water diffusing down its concentration gradient Diffusion Solute moving from high [ ] to low [ ] Hepatic Liver Renal Kidney Cardiac Heart Carpal Wrist — technically the 8 carpal bones (En)ceph Brain/head Digital Fingers + toes Cervical Neck Pulmonary Lungs Gastric Stomach Femoral Thigh/femur Costal Ribs Cholecyst Gallbladder Biliary Bile duct Inguinal Groin Peritonium Lining of abdominal cavity & membrane around organs Hyper High Hypo Low Hyperkalemia High potassium Hypotension Low blood pressure Coagulopathy Blood doesn't clot enough Creatinine clearance KIDNEYS; the process by which kidneys clear creatinine from your body Tachy Fast Brady Slow Tachypnea Fast breathing, 20 breaths/min Bradycardia Slow heart rate, 60 bpm Lab: Serum Albumin LIVER; protein made in the liver assembled from proteins in your food Lab: Serum Creatinine KIDNEYS; kidney function goes down, serum creatinine goes up Lab: Hemoglobin Bleeding; low = bleeding Lab: INR LIVER; high INR = bleeding; liver makes clotting factors Lab: AST & ALT LIVER; released when liver cells die Lab: Ammonia LIVER; liver processes into urea; by-product of protein digestion; neurotoxic — leads to confusion, anger Lab: Potassium KIDNEYS: high K = impaired renal function Lab: Bilirubin LIVER; high bilirubin = impaired liver function; causes jaundice & icteris Lab: PTT BLEEDING; high PTT = blood isn't clotting; measure of time it takes for bleeding to stop GERD Acid reflux Ascites Fluid collecting in the abdomen Pancytopenia All blood cell number down Anuria Not making urine Hyponatremia Low sodium levels