xerophyte adaptations?
Give this one a try later!
c shaped curved/ needle like leaf reduces surface area
waterproof thick waxy cuticle
spongy mesophyll are densely packed so less air space for water vapour to
build up in for transpiration
sunken stomata/ hairs/curled leaf traps moist layer of air to reduce con
gradient
describe inspiration?
Give this one a try later!
, external intercostal contract
ribcage moves up and out
diaphragm flattens
DECREASE IN PRESSURE
INCREASE IN VOLUME
more air moves in, moves down pressure gradient
describe expiration?
Give this one a try later!
external intercostal relax
ribcage moves down and in
diaphragm curves
DECREASE IN VOLUME
INCREASE IN PRESSURE so air moves out down a pressure gradient
aided by alveolar elastic recoil
what is digestion?
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breakdown of large to small soluble molecules
uses enzymes
why does the diameter of a tree decrease during the day?
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, more light and higher temp
increased transpiration rate so increased transpirational pull
walls of xylem are pulled in bc water molecules stick to xylem wall
water pulled up xylem by cohesion tension.
structure of chloroplast
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double membrane
thykaloid disks stacked to make granum. contain chlorophyll
surrounded by stroma
tracheal system in insects?
Give this one a try later!
spiracles are openings on body surface
have valves so open=gas exchanged closed=prevent water loss
spiracles connect to trachea which connect to tracheoles (LARGE SA) which
are directly connected to respiring cells to deliver oxygen and remove co2
structure of xylem?
Give this one a try later!
, long continuous hollow tube
narrow lumen
wall made of lignin-strong,waterproof,adhesive
wall contains pits and pores so minerals can leave
how does transpiration occur?
Give this one a try later!
moist spongy mesophyll cell lining evaporates forming water vapour
builds up in air spaces
if con is high enough, water vapour diffuses out
h2o molecules are polar so form hydrogen bonds- transpiration stream
why is ATP a good source of energy?
Give this one a try later!
immediate release, only need to break one bond
releases small amounts of energy at a time, manageable
describe the cardiac cycle?
Give this one a try later!
1) filling stage -atria and ventricles relaxed, AV open SL closed
2) atria contracts- opens AV valves as pressure is greater in atria so blood
flows into ventricles SL closed
Give this one a try later!
c shaped curved/ needle like leaf reduces surface area
waterproof thick waxy cuticle
spongy mesophyll are densely packed so less air space for water vapour to
build up in for transpiration
sunken stomata/ hairs/curled leaf traps moist layer of air to reduce con
gradient
describe inspiration?
Give this one a try later!
, external intercostal contract
ribcage moves up and out
diaphragm flattens
DECREASE IN PRESSURE
INCREASE IN VOLUME
more air moves in, moves down pressure gradient
describe expiration?
Give this one a try later!
external intercostal relax
ribcage moves down and in
diaphragm curves
DECREASE IN VOLUME
INCREASE IN PRESSURE so air moves out down a pressure gradient
aided by alveolar elastic recoil
what is digestion?
Give this one a try later!
breakdown of large to small soluble molecules
uses enzymes
why does the diameter of a tree decrease during the day?
Give this one a try later!
, more light and higher temp
increased transpiration rate so increased transpirational pull
walls of xylem are pulled in bc water molecules stick to xylem wall
water pulled up xylem by cohesion tension.
structure of chloroplast
Give this one a try later!
double membrane
thykaloid disks stacked to make granum. contain chlorophyll
surrounded by stroma
tracheal system in insects?
Give this one a try later!
spiracles are openings on body surface
have valves so open=gas exchanged closed=prevent water loss
spiracles connect to trachea which connect to tracheoles (LARGE SA) which
are directly connected to respiring cells to deliver oxygen and remove co2
structure of xylem?
Give this one a try later!
, long continuous hollow tube
narrow lumen
wall made of lignin-strong,waterproof,adhesive
wall contains pits and pores so minerals can leave
how does transpiration occur?
Give this one a try later!
moist spongy mesophyll cell lining evaporates forming water vapour
builds up in air spaces
if con is high enough, water vapour diffuses out
h2o molecules are polar so form hydrogen bonds- transpiration stream
why is ATP a good source of energy?
Give this one a try later!
immediate release, only need to break one bond
releases small amounts of energy at a time, manageable
describe the cardiac cycle?
Give this one a try later!
1) filling stage -atria and ventricles relaxed, AV open SL closed
2) atria contracts- opens AV valves as pressure is greater in atria so blood
flows into ventricles SL closed
