PHILOSOPHY
Types of Reasoning:
Types of Reasoning:
Deduction (general-to-specific): forming new
knowledge based on previous knowledge.
Example: All wrestlers develop some level of head issues due to
impact. Io Sky is a wrestler, therefore she will develop head
issues in the future.
The conclusion logically follows from the premises, but its truth
still depends on whether those premises are actually correct.
Induction (specific-to-general): forming general
conclusions based on repeated observations
Example: Monotropa does not photosynthesize, Corda-de-vidro
does not, Lanternas-de-Fada does not. Therefore, all plants do
not photosynthesize (false induction).
Induction creates probable conclusions, but they can be wrong if
the sample is limited.
Abduction (best explanation): observing
fragmented information and forming the most
reasonable hypothesis out of it.
Example: The grass is wet in the morning. Rain makes the grass
wet, so it makes sense to assume it rained during the night.
The conclusion is a hypothesis, not a certainty, and can change
with new evidence.
Types of Reasoning:
Types of Reasoning:
Deduction (general-to-specific): forming new
knowledge based on previous knowledge.
Example: All wrestlers develop some level of head issues due to
impact. Io Sky is a wrestler, therefore she will develop head
issues in the future.
The conclusion logically follows from the premises, but its truth
still depends on whether those premises are actually correct.
Induction (specific-to-general): forming general
conclusions based on repeated observations
Example: Monotropa does not photosynthesize, Corda-de-vidro
does not, Lanternas-de-Fada does not. Therefore, all plants do
not photosynthesize (false induction).
Induction creates probable conclusions, but they can be wrong if
the sample is limited.
Abduction (best explanation): observing
fragmented information and forming the most
reasonable hypothesis out of it.
Example: The grass is wet in the morning. Rain makes the grass
wet, so it makes sense to assume it rained during the night.
The conclusion is a hypothesis, not a certainty, and can change
with new evidence.
