NRSG 2700 exam 3 UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT
Answers
What are medications are used for an acute asthma Short acting bronchodilators (albuterol)
attack?
What medications are used in the maintenance and Combination inhalers, steroids (oral and inhaled), long acting bronchodilators,
prevention of COPD/asthma? phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitors, and theophylline (bronchodilator)
What class of medication is albuterol? Beta2 Adrenergic Agonist (Bronchodilator).
What is the mechanism of action of albuterol? Albuterol relaxes smooth muscles in the airways, causing bronchodilation,
which decreases airway resistance and improves drainage of secretions.
What are the therapeutic effects of albuterol? It provides relief from acute bronchospasm (e.g., during asthma attacks) and
prevents exercise-induced bronchoconstriction.
What are the contraindications for using albuterol? It is contraindicated in patients with a history of cardiac disease,
hyperthyroidism, hypertension, seizures, and in children.
What are the potential side effects of albuterol? Tachycardia, palpitations, nervousness, insomnia, dry mouth, upper respiratory
tract infections, and paradoxical bronchospasm.
What are the key nursing considerations for patients Monitor blood glucose in diabetic patients and ensure proper use of inhalers.
using albuterol?
What should patients and their families know about Use albuterol for acute asthma attacks, avoid taking it at bedtime to prevent
albuterol use? insomnia, and inform the provider if increased usage is needed.
What class of medication is ipratropium? Anticholinergic (Bronchodilator).
What is the mechanism of action of ipratropium? Ipratropium blocks cholinergic receptors in bronchial smooth muscle,
preventing bronchospasms.
What are the therapeutic effects of ipratropium? It provides relief and prevents bronchospasms due to COPD and is used off-
label for asthma management.
What are the contraindications for ipratropium use? Contraindications include allergies to atropine, soya lecithin, soybeans, or
peanuts, and use should be cautious in pregnant or breastfeeding women,
those with narrow-angle glaucoma, and those with bladder obstruction.
What are the potential side effects of ipratropium? Common side effects include respiratory irritation, cough, and paradoxical
bronchospasm. Rarely, it may cause epistaxis or a bitter taste.
What nursing considerations are important for Perform a focused respiratory assessment before and after administration.
ipratropium? Ensure patients use the nasal spray or inhaler correctly.
What should patients and their families know about Patients should rinse their mouth after use to prevent a bitter taste and wait 5
ipratropium? minutes between using this and other inhaled medications.
, What class of medication is beclomethasone? Corticosteroid.
What is the mechanism of action of beclomethasone? It reduces inflammation and the immune response in the airways.
What are the therapeutic effects of beclomethasone? It is used for long-term management of asthma and decreases nasal
inflammation, but it is not for emergency asthma attacks.
What are the contraindications for using It should not be used during an acute asthma attack or in patients with active
beclomethasone? infections.
What are the potential side effects of beclomethasone? Hoarseness, dry mouth, nasal irritation, and oral yeast infections (candidiasis).
What are the nursing considerations for Monitor for signs of oral infections and provide oral care after inhalation.
beclomethasone?
What patient teaching is important for Teach patients to rinse their mouth after using the inhaler to prevent oral
beclomethasone? infections, and ensure proper inhaler technique.
What class of medication is montelukast? Leukotriene Receptor Antagonist.
What is the mechanism of action of montelukast? It blocks leukotriene receptors, reducing inflammation and relaxing bronchial
smooth muscle.
What are the therapeutic effects of montelukast? Montelukast helps prevent asthma symptoms and reduces airway edema and
inflammation.
What are the contraindications for montelukast? Contraindications include a history of mental illness, suicidal ideation, or status
asthmaticus.
What are the potential side effects of montelukast? Common side effects include headache, rhinitis, and abdominal pain, with rare
cases of neuropsychiatric events.
What nursing considerations should be observed with Monitor liver function periodically and be aware of potential interactions with
montelukast? CYP450-metabolized drugs.
What should patients know about using montelukast? It is not for use during acute asthma attacks. Inform the healthcare provider if
mental health changes are observed.
What class of medication is theophylline? Methylxanthine.
What is the mechanism of action of theophylline? It is a xanthine derivative that directly dilates the bronchi by relaxing bronchial
smooth muscles.
What are the therapeutic effects of theophylline? It relieves bronchospasm in asthma, chronic bronchitis, and emphysema, and is
used for treatment and prophylaxis.
What are the contraindications for theophylline? Active peptic ulcer disease (PUD), seizure disorders, heart disease, cardiac
dysrhythmias, and xanthine sensitivity (e.g., caffeine).
What are the potential side effects of theophylline? Common side effects include nausea and tachycardia. Life-threatening side
effects include seizures, circulatory failure, and respiratory arrest.
Answers
What are medications are used for an acute asthma Short acting bronchodilators (albuterol)
attack?
What medications are used in the maintenance and Combination inhalers, steroids (oral and inhaled), long acting bronchodilators,
prevention of COPD/asthma? phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitors, and theophylline (bronchodilator)
What class of medication is albuterol? Beta2 Adrenergic Agonist (Bronchodilator).
What is the mechanism of action of albuterol? Albuterol relaxes smooth muscles in the airways, causing bronchodilation,
which decreases airway resistance and improves drainage of secretions.
What are the therapeutic effects of albuterol? It provides relief from acute bronchospasm (e.g., during asthma attacks) and
prevents exercise-induced bronchoconstriction.
What are the contraindications for using albuterol? It is contraindicated in patients with a history of cardiac disease,
hyperthyroidism, hypertension, seizures, and in children.
What are the potential side effects of albuterol? Tachycardia, palpitations, nervousness, insomnia, dry mouth, upper respiratory
tract infections, and paradoxical bronchospasm.
What are the key nursing considerations for patients Monitor blood glucose in diabetic patients and ensure proper use of inhalers.
using albuterol?
What should patients and their families know about Use albuterol for acute asthma attacks, avoid taking it at bedtime to prevent
albuterol use? insomnia, and inform the provider if increased usage is needed.
What class of medication is ipratropium? Anticholinergic (Bronchodilator).
What is the mechanism of action of ipratropium? Ipratropium blocks cholinergic receptors in bronchial smooth muscle,
preventing bronchospasms.
What are the therapeutic effects of ipratropium? It provides relief and prevents bronchospasms due to COPD and is used off-
label for asthma management.
What are the contraindications for ipratropium use? Contraindications include allergies to atropine, soya lecithin, soybeans, or
peanuts, and use should be cautious in pregnant or breastfeeding women,
those with narrow-angle glaucoma, and those with bladder obstruction.
What are the potential side effects of ipratropium? Common side effects include respiratory irritation, cough, and paradoxical
bronchospasm. Rarely, it may cause epistaxis or a bitter taste.
What nursing considerations are important for Perform a focused respiratory assessment before and after administration.
ipratropium? Ensure patients use the nasal spray or inhaler correctly.
What should patients and their families know about Patients should rinse their mouth after use to prevent a bitter taste and wait 5
ipratropium? minutes between using this and other inhaled medications.
, What class of medication is beclomethasone? Corticosteroid.
What is the mechanism of action of beclomethasone? It reduces inflammation and the immune response in the airways.
What are the therapeutic effects of beclomethasone? It is used for long-term management of asthma and decreases nasal
inflammation, but it is not for emergency asthma attacks.
What are the contraindications for using It should not be used during an acute asthma attack or in patients with active
beclomethasone? infections.
What are the potential side effects of beclomethasone? Hoarseness, dry mouth, nasal irritation, and oral yeast infections (candidiasis).
What are the nursing considerations for Monitor for signs of oral infections and provide oral care after inhalation.
beclomethasone?
What patient teaching is important for Teach patients to rinse their mouth after using the inhaler to prevent oral
beclomethasone? infections, and ensure proper inhaler technique.
What class of medication is montelukast? Leukotriene Receptor Antagonist.
What is the mechanism of action of montelukast? It blocks leukotriene receptors, reducing inflammation and relaxing bronchial
smooth muscle.
What are the therapeutic effects of montelukast? Montelukast helps prevent asthma symptoms and reduces airway edema and
inflammation.
What are the contraindications for montelukast? Contraindications include a history of mental illness, suicidal ideation, or status
asthmaticus.
What are the potential side effects of montelukast? Common side effects include headache, rhinitis, and abdominal pain, with rare
cases of neuropsychiatric events.
What nursing considerations should be observed with Monitor liver function periodically and be aware of potential interactions with
montelukast? CYP450-metabolized drugs.
What should patients know about using montelukast? It is not for use during acute asthma attacks. Inform the healthcare provider if
mental health changes are observed.
What class of medication is theophylline? Methylxanthine.
What is the mechanism of action of theophylline? It is a xanthine derivative that directly dilates the bronchi by relaxing bronchial
smooth muscles.
What are the therapeutic effects of theophylline? It relieves bronchospasm in asthma, chronic bronchitis, and emphysema, and is
used for treatment and prophylaxis.
What are the contraindications for theophylline? Active peptic ulcer disease (PUD), seizure disorders, heart disease, cardiac
dysrhythmias, and xanthine sensitivity (e.g., caffeine).
What are the potential side effects of theophylline? Common side effects include nausea and tachycardia. Life-threatening side
effects include seizures, circulatory failure, and respiratory arrest.
