NRSG 2350 Pharm Exam 2 UPDATED
ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT
Answers
epoetin alfa (Epogen, Procrit) - CORRECT ANSWER - Treats anemia associated with renal failure
and AIDS
Decreases need for blood transfusions in patients undergoing surgery
Darbepoetin alfa (Aranesp) - CORRECT ANSWER - Treats anemia associated with chronic kidney
disease including patients on dialysis
ferrous sulfate (Feosol) - CORRECT ANSWER - Treatment of iron deficiency anemia
Actions: elevated serum iron + converts to hemoglobin or stored for eventual conversion to usable form
of iron
ORAL
AE: GI, anorexia, NVD, CNS toxicity leading to coma, death with OD
CONSIDER: iron absorption DECREASES if taken with antacids, tetracyclines (if needed take 2 hrs
apart - same with ciprofloaxin)
Ferrous Gluconate (Fergon) - CORRECT ANSWER - iron supplement
Iron Dextran (Venofer) - CORRECT ANSWER - Treatment of iron deficiency anemia (parenteral)
Risks: associated with severe anaphylactic reactions, local irritations, staining of tissues
*monitor patient during infusion*
Hydroxyurea (Droxia) - CORRECT ANSWER - treats SICKLE CELL ANEMIA: decreases need
for blood transfusions
Actions: increases fetal hemoglobin production in the bone marrow and dilutes formation of abnormal
hemoglobin S
,ORAL
AE: dizzy, HA, Rash, Anorexia, Bone marrow depression, Cancer
Heparin - CORRECT ANSWER - PREVENTS CLOTS
Prevention & treatment of venous thrombosis and PE, DIC
Actions: inhibits thrombus and clot production by blocking conversion of prothrombin to thrombin and
fibrinogen to fibrin
DOES NOT DISSOLVE CLOTS
IV/SUB Q
AE: loss of hair, chills, bruising, fever, osteoporosis, suppression of renal function w long term use
Antiplatelet drugs - CORRECT ANSWER - PROTOTYPE: ASPIRIN
Plavix, aspirin, anagrelide
FOR: CAD, maintenance of arterial/venous grafts, prevents cerebrovascular occlusion, during/post MI for
thrombolytic effect
Inhibit platelet aggregation and adhesion
ASPIRIN: inhibits synthesis of thromboxane A + decreases platelet aggregation
PLAVIX: inhibits binding of ATP (inhibits platelet aggregation)
ANAGRELIDE: blocks production of platelets in bone marrow (treats thrombocythemia)
CI: bleeding d/o, uncontrolled HTN, recent surgery
CAUTION: monitor bleeding, combo with other anticoag/antiplatelet drugs, monitor for salicylate
poisoning
, Heparin antidote - CORRECT ANSWER - protamine sulfate
Warfarin (Coumadin) - CORRECT ANSWER - Anticoagulant
Prevention/manage DVT, PE, associated with atrial fib & prosthetic heart valves
Prevents synthesis of VIT K by bacteria in GI tract
Inhibits production of clotting factors: II, VII, IX, X (Vit K dependent factors)
Effects: after 2-3 days
ORAL
CI: pregnancy, renal/hepatic disease, all others per heparin
Monitor bleeding, frequent labs to assess therapeutic range, NO GRAPEFRUIT!!!!
Warfarin (Coumadin) Antidote - CORRECT ANSWER - Phytonadione (vitamin K)
Pradaxa (dabigatran) - CORRECT ANSWER - Atrial fib (not caused by valve problems)
Inhibits thrombin
No drug/food interactions
CI/Caution same as heparin/warfarin
Pradaxa (dabigatran) Antidote - CORRECT ANSWER - IDARUCIZUMAB (Praxbind)
ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT
Answers
epoetin alfa (Epogen, Procrit) - CORRECT ANSWER - Treats anemia associated with renal failure
and AIDS
Decreases need for blood transfusions in patients undergoing surgery
Darbepoetin alfa (Aranesp) - CORRECT ANSWER - Treats anemia associated with chronic kidney
disease including patients on dialysis
ferrous sulfate (Feosol) - CORRECT ANSWER - Treatment of iron deficiency anemia
Actions: elevated serum iron + converts to hemoglobin or stored for eventual conversion to usable form
of iron
ORAL
AE: GI, anorexia, NVD, CNS toxicity leading to coma, death with OD
CONSIDER: iron absorption DECREASES if taken with antacids, tetracyclines (if needed take 2 hrs
apart - same with ciprofloaxin)
Ferrous Gluconate (Fergon) - CORRECT ANSWER - iron supplement
Iron Dextran (Venofer) - CORRECT ANSWER - Treatment of iron deficiency anemia (parenteral)
Risks: associated with severe anaphylactic reactions, local irritations, staining of tissues
*monitor patient during infusion*
Hydroxyurea (Droxia) - CORRECT ANSWER - treats SICKLE CELL ANEMIA: decreases need
for blood transfusions
Actions: increases fetal hemoglobin production in the bone marrow and dilutes formation of abnormal
hemoglobin S
,ORAL
AE: dizzy, HA, Rash, Anorexia, Bone marrow depression, Cancer
Heparin - CORRECT ANSWER - PREVENTS CLOTS
Prevention & treatment of venous thrombosis and PE, DIC
Actions: inhibits thrombus and clot production by blocking conversion of prothrombin to thrombin and
fibrinogen to fibrin
DOES NOT DISSOLVE CLOTS
IV/SUB Q
AE: loss of hair, chills, bruising, fever, osteoporosis, suppression of renal function w long term use
Antiplatelet drugs - CORRECT ANSWER - PROTOTYPE: ASPIRIN
Plavix, aspirin, anagrelide
FOR: CAD, maintenance of arterial/venous grafts, prevents cerebrovascular occlusion, during/post MI for
thrombolytic effect
Inhibit platelet aggregation and adhesion
ASPIRIN: inhibits synthesis of thromboxane A + decreases platelet aggregation
PLAVIX: inhibits binding of ATP (inhibits platelet aggregation)
ANAGRELIDE: blocks production of platelets in bone marrow (treats thrombocythemia)
CI: bleeding d/o, uncontrolled HTN, recent surgery
CAUTION: monitor bleeding, combo with other anticoag/antiplatelet drugs, monitor for salicylate
poisoning
, Heparin antidote - CORRECT ANSWER - protamine sulfate
Warfarin (Coumadin) - CORRECT ANSWER - Anticoagulant
Prevention/manage DVT, PE, associated with atrial fib & prosthetic heart valves
Prevents synthesis of VIT K by bacteria in GI tract
Inhibits production of clotting factors: II, VII, IX, X (Vit K dependent factors)
Effects: after 2-3 days
ORAL
CI: pregnancy, renal/hepatic disease, all others per heparin
Monitor bleeding, frequent labs to assess therapeutic range, NO GRAPEFRUIT!!!!
Warfarin (Coumadin) Antidote - CORRECT ANSWER - Phytonadione (vitamin K)
Pradaxa (dabigatran) - CORRECT ANSWER - Atrial fib (not caused by valve problems)
Inhibits thrombin
No drug/food interactions
CI/Caution same as heparin/warfarin
Pradaxa (dabigatran) Antidote - CORRECT ANSWER - IDARUCIZUMAB (Praxbind)
