NRSG 1030 Exam 8 UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT
Answers
pulmonary system's two major components airway and lungs
airway consists of nasal passages, mouth, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles
upper airway nasal passages, mouth, and pharynx
lower airway trachea, bronchi, bronchioles
the upper airway is located above larynx
is upper or lower airway sterile? lower
what separates the lungs? mediastinum
right lung has ___ lobes 3
left lung has ___ lobes 2
apex spreads toward the clavicle
base rests on the diaphragm
alveoli air sacs in the lungs
type I alveoli gas exchange
type II alveoli produce surfactant
respiratory centers in the brainstem control breathing chemoreceptors and lung receptors
using feedback from _________ and ___________
chemoreceptors are located in the medulla of brainstem, corotid arteries, and aorta
chemoreceptors function detect changes in blood pH, O2, and CO2 levels
lung receptors sensitive to breathing patterns, lung expansion, lung compliance, airway
resistance, and respiratory irritants
example of voluntary control overriding involuntary talking, singing, swallowing, whistling, and blowing
control of respiratory centers
ventilation inhalation and exhalation
, respiration internal and external
process of ventilation movement of air in and out of lungs
hyperventilation may result in hypocarbia
hypoventilation response to hypoxemia may progress hypoxia
to
lung compliance how easily lungs inflate
airway resistance inflammation of airway reduces diameter, increasing resistance
example of disease that inhibits deflation of alveoli, emphysema
affecting elasticity
example of poor lung compliance edema or loss of surfactant
example of poor airway resistance asthma
external respiration exchange of gases between alveoli and pulmonary blood supplies
internal respiration exchange of gasses between capillaries and body tissue cells
tissue oxygenation requires adequate external respiration and peripheral circulation
respiration diffusion movement of gas from high pressure/concentration to low pressure/contration
what happens to inhaled air in the airways? becomes warm, moist, and filtered
which structures of the lung does gas exchange take alveoli type I
place?
what does surfactant do for alveoli? allows expansion
when diaphragm contracts lungs expand and pressure drops
when diaphragm relaxes air gets pushed out
primary stimulant to breath CO2 buildup
How do preterm infants affect pulmonary function? surfactant not fully developed, high risk for resp distress, SIDS, and circulation
term newborn's affect on pulmonary function narrow airways and immature nervous system
How does a newborn's immature nervous system affect periods of apnea
pulmonary function?
How do toddlers affect pulmonary function? URI common from large tonsils and exposure to infectious agents
How does preschool/school age affect pulmonary recover quickly from URI's and exercise induced asthma
function?
Answers
pulmonary system's two major components airway and lungs
airway consists of nasal passages, mouth, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles
upper airway nasal passages, mouth, and pharynx
lower airway trachea, bronchi, bronchioles
the upper airway is located above larynx
is upper or lower airway sterile? lower
what separates the lungs? mediastinum
right lung has ___ lobes 3
left lung has ___ lobes 2
apex spreads toward the clavicle
base rests on the diaphragm
alveoli air sacs in the lungs
type I alveoli gas exchange
type II alveoli produce surfactant
respiratory centers in the brainstem control breathing chemoreceptors and lung receptors
using feedback from _________ and ___________
chemoreceptors are located in the medulla of brainstem, corotid arteries, and aorta
chemoreceptors function detect changes in blood pH, O2, and CO2 levels
lung receptors sensitive to breathing patterns, lung expansion, lung compliance, airway
resistance, and respiratory irritants
example of voluntary control overriding involuntary talking, singing, swallowing, whistling, and blowing
control of respiratory centers
ventilation inhalation and exhalation
, respiration internal and external
process of ventilation movement of air in and out of lungs
hyperventilation may result in hypocarbia
hypoventilation response to hypoxemia may progress hypoxia
to
lung compliance how easily lungs inflate
airway resistance inflammation of airway reduces diameter, increasing resistance
example of disease that inhibits deflation of alveoli, emphysema
affecting elasticity
example of poor lung compliance edema or loss of surfactant
example of poor airway resistance asthma
external respiration exchange of gases between alveoli and pulmonary blood supplies
internal respiration exchange of gasses between capillaries and body tissue cells
tissue oxygenation requires adequate external respiration and peripheral circulation
respiration diffusion movement of gas from high pressure/concentration to low pressure/contration
what happens to inhaled air in the airways? becomes warm, moist, and filtered
which structures of the lung does gas exchange take alveoli type I
place?
what does surfactant do for alveoli? allows expansion
when diaphragm contracts lungs expand and pressure drops
when diaphragm relaxes air gets pushed out
primary stimulant to breath CO2 buildup
How do preterm infants affect pulmonary function? surfactant not fully developed, high risk for resp distress, SIDS, and circulation
term newborn's affect on pulmonary function narrow airways and immature nervous system
How does a newborn's immature nervous system affect periods of apnea
pulmonary function?
How do toddlers affect pulmonary function? URI common from large tonsils and exposure to infectious agents
How does preschool/school age affect pulmonary recover quickly from URI's and exercise induced asthma
function?
