NBME Exam 1- Embryology and
Anatomy questions with answers
Developmental stages of sperm - CORRECT ANSWERS
✔✔Spermatagonium (2N, dipoloid) --> primary
spermatocyte --> secondary spermatocyte --> spermatid
--> spermatozoan (N, haploid)
Developmental stages of egg - CORRECT ANSWERS
✔✔oogonium (2N) --> primary oocyte --> secondary
oocyte --> ootid --> ovum (N)
At what developmental stage and meiotic stage is the
egg suspended until ovulation? - CORRECT ANSWERS
✔✔primary oocyte is arrested in prophase 1 until
ovulation
At what developmental stage and meiotic stage is the
egg suspended until fertilization? - CORRECT ANSWERS
✔✔secondary oocyte is arrested in metaphase 2 until
fertilization, during which it completes meiosis
Where in the testes does spermatogenesis occur? -
CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔seminiferous tubules
,What do Sertoli cells do during sperm development? -
CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔-block penetration by cytotoxic
agents and WBCs via the blood-testis barrier
-secrete substances that aid in meiosis
-phagocytize residual cytoplasm during final stage
-secrete ABP (androgen binding protein), Inhibin, GDNF,
and estradiol
leydig cells - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔interstitial cells that
produce testosterone which diffuses into the seminiferous
tubules; high testosterone content is required for
maturation of sperm
what hormone stimulates Leydig cells? where is it
secreted from? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔LH; anterior
pituitary
What hormone stimulates Sertoli cells? where is it
secreted from? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔FSH; anterior
pituitary
what do inhibin do and testosterone do? - CORRECT
ANSWERS ✔✔inhibits the hypothalamus and anterior
pituitary from secreting GnRH and LH/FSH, respectively
, what secretes inhibin? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Sertoli
cells
corona radiata - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔The outermost
layer of granulosa cells that surround an oocyte after is
has been ovulated; aids in capture of ovum by Fallopian
tube
zona pellucida - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔thick,
glycoprotein-rich membrane just deep to corona radiata
that is secreted by oocyte, encapsulating it; binds
invading sperm and allows the acrosome section to occur
dictyate - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔period of time during
which primary oocyte is arrested in prophase I until
ovulation
Androgen binding protein (ABP) function - CORRECT
ANSWERS ✔✔ensures that testosterone concentration in
seminiferous tubule is high
Testosterone function - CORRECT ANSWERS
✔✔differentiates male genitalia, has anabolic effects on
protein metabolism, maintains gametogenesis, maintains
libido, inhibits GnRH
Anatomy questions with answers
Developmental stages of sperm - CORRECT ANSWERS
✔✔Spermatagonium (2N, dipoloid) --> primary
spermatocyte --> secondary spermatocyte --> spermatid
--> spermatozoan (N, haploid)
Developmental stages of egg - CORRECT ANSWERS
✔✔oogonium (2N) --> primary oocyte --> secondary
oocyte --> ootid --> ovum (N)
At what developmental stage and meiotic stage is the
egg suspended until ovulation? - CORRECT ANSWERS
✔✔primary oocyte is arrested in prophase 1 until
ovulation
At what developmental stage and meiotic stage is the
egg suspended until fertilization? - CORRECT ANSWERS
✔✔secondary oocyte is arrested in metaphase 2 until
fertilization, during which it completes meiosis
Where in the testes does spermatogenesis occur? -
CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔seminiferous tubules
,What do Sertoli cells do during sperm development? -
CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔-block penetration by cytotoxic
agents and WBCs via the blood-testis barrier
-secrete substances that aid in meiosis
-phagocytize residual cytoplasm during final stage
-secrete ABP (androgen binding protein), Inhibin, GDNF,
and estradiol
leydig cells - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔interstitial cells that
produce testosterone which diffuses into the seminiferous
tubules; high testosterone content is required for
maturation of sperm
what hormone stimulates Leydig cells? where is it
secreted from? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔LH; anterior
pituitary
What hormone stimulates Sertoli cells? where is it
secreted from? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔FSH; anterior
pituitary
what do inhibin do and testosterone do? - CORRECT
ANSWERS ✔✔inhibits the hypothalamus and anterior
pituitary from secreting GnRH and LH/FSH, respectively
, what secretes inhibin? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Sertoli
cells
corona radiata - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔The outermost
layer of granulosa cells that surround an oocyte after is
has been ovulated; aids in capture of ovum by Fallopian
tube
zona pellucida - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔thick,
glycoprotein-rich membrane just deep to corona radiata
that is secreted by oocyte, encapsulating it; binds
invading sperm and allows the acrosome section to occur
dictyate - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔period of time during
which primary oocyte is arrested in prophase I until
ovulation
Androgen binding protein (ABP) function - CORRECT
ANSWERS ✔✔ensures that testosterone concentration in
seminiferous tubule is high
Testosterone function - CORRECT ANSWERS
✔✔differentiates male genitalia, has anabolic effects on
protein metabolism, maintains gametogenesis, maintains
libido, inhibits GnRH
