NU 301 Final Exam UPDATED ACTUAL
Questions and CORRECT Answers
What is the priority assessment before administering opioid analgesia to a postoperative patient in pain? -
CORRECT ANSWER -Respiratory rate
Which non-pharmacologic interventions should be included for chronic low back pain management? -
CORRECT ANSWER -Heat/cold therapy, guided imagery, cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT),
TENS
What pain scale is most appropriate for a non-verbal elderly patient with dementia? - CORRECT
ANSWER -PAINAD (Pain Assessment in Advanced Dementia)
What is the first action when a patient exhibits respiratory depression after opioid administration? -
CORRECT ANSWER -Administer naloxone (Narcan)
What indicates understanding of scheduled opioid use for chronic cancer pain? - CORRECT
ANSWER -I will take my medication on a scheduled basis even when pain is tolerable.
What is the nurse's first action when administering IV potassium to a patient with low serum potassium? -
CORRECT ANSWER -Place the patient on a cardiac monitor before beginning the infusion.
What clinical manifestations should be expected in a patient with hyponatremia? - CORRECT
ANSWER -Confusion, nausea, vomiting, muscle cramps, seizures in severe cases.
What medication should be administered first for a patient with CKD and high serum potassium? -
CORRECT ANSWER -Calcium gluconate IV
What is the essential action before starting a blood transfusion? - CORRECT ANSWER -Have two
nurses verify patient identity, blood type, and unit number at the bedside.
, What is the priority action when a patient develops signs of an acute hemolytic reaction during a blood
transfusion? - CORRECT ANSWER -Stop the transfusion immediately and keep the IV open with
normal saline.
What interventions are appropriate for a patient with fluid volume excess? - CORRECT
ANSWER -Monitor daily weight, administer loop diuretics, restrict oral fluid intake, auscultate
breath sounds, elevate the head of the bed if dyspnea present.
How many mL/hr should the nurse set the infusion pump for IV magnesium sulfate 4 g in 100 mL D5W
to infuse over 20 minutes? - CORRECT ANSWER -300 mL/hr
What should the nurse teach a patient starting methotrexate for rheumatoid arthritis? - CORRECT
ANSWER -Avoid alcohol and take folic acid supplements as prescribed.
Is methotrexate safe in pregnancy? - CORRECT ANSWER -No, it is teratogenic.
What should be avoided while taking methotrexate? - CORRECT ANSWER -Alcohol, as it is
hepatotoxic.
What is the most important dietary teaching for a patient with elevated serum uric acid and podagra? -
CORRECT ANSWER -Increase fluid intake to at least 2-3 liters per day.
What medication is standard for PCP prophylaxis when CD4 count is below 200 cells/μL? - CORRECT
ANSWER -Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX).
What is the essential instruction for a patient prescribed alendronate (Fosamax)? - CORRECT
ANSWER -Take on an empty stomach with 8 oz of water and remain upright for 30 minutes.
What nursing actions are appropriate for a patient with a bull's-eye rash after a camping trip? -
CORRECT ANSWER -Administer doxycycline, document the rash, assess for symptoms, and
teach tick prevention.
Questions and CORRECT Answers
What is the priority assessment before administering opioid analgesia to a postoperative patient in pain? -
CORRECT ANSWER -Respiratory rate
Which non-pharmacologic interventions should be included for chronic low back pain management? -
CORRECT ANSWER -Heat/cold therapy, guided imagery, cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT),
TENS
What pain scale is most appropriate for a non-verbal elderly patient with dementia? - CORRECT
ANSWER -PAINAD (Pain Assessment in Advanced Dementia)
What is the first action when a patient exhibits respiratory depression after opioid administration? -
CORRECT ANSWER -Administer naloxone (Narcan)
What indicates understanding of scheduled opioid use for chronic cancer pain? - CORRECT
ANSWER -I will take my medication on a scheduled basis even when pain is tolerable.
What is the nurse's first action when administering IV potassium to a patient with low serum potassium? -
CORRECT ANSWER -Place the patient on a cardiac monitor before beginning the infusion.
What clinical manifestations should be expected in a patient with hyponatremia? - CORRECT
ANSWER -Confusion, nausea, vomiting, muscle cramps, seizures in severe cases.
What medication should be administered first for a patient with CKD and high serum potassium? -
CORRECT ANSWER -Calcium gluconate IV
What is the essential action before starting a blood transfusion? - CORRECT ANSWER -Have two
nurses verify patient identity, blood type, and unit number at the bedside.
, What is the priority action when a patient develops signs of an acute hemolytic reaction during a blood
transfusion? - CORRECT ANSWER -Stop the transfusion immediately and keep the IV open with
normal saline.
What interventions are appropriate for a patient with fluid volume excess? - CORRECT
ANSWER -Monitor daily weight, administer loop diuretics, restrict oral fluid intake, auscultate
breath sounds, elevate the head of the bed if dyspnea present.
How many mL/hr should the nurse set the infusion pump for IV magnesium sulfate 4 g in 100 mL D5W
to infuse over 20 minutes? - CORRECT ANSWER -300 mL/hr
What should the nurse teach a patient starting methotrexate for rheumatoid arthritis? - CORRECT
ANSWER -Avoid alcohol and take folic acid supplements as prescribed.
Is methotrexate safe in pregnancy? - CORRECT ANSWER -No, it is teratogenic.
What should be avoided while taking methotrexate? - CORRECT ANSWER -Alcohol, as it is
hepatotoxic.
What is the most important dietary teaching for a patient with elevated serum uric acid and podagra? -
CORRECT ANSWER -Increase fluid intake to at least 2-3 liters per day.
What medication is standard for PCP prophylaxis when CD4 count is below 200 cells/μL? - CORRECT
ANSWER -Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX).
What is the essential instruction for a patient prescribed alendronate (Fosamax)? - CORRECT
ANSWER -Take on an empty stomach with 8 oz of water and remain upright for 30 minutes.
What nursing actions are appropriate for a patient with a bull's-eye rash after a camping trip? -
CORRECT ANSWER -Administer doxycycline, document the rash, assess for symptoms, and
teach tick prevention.
