NURS 152 - Unit 1 (Ch. 20 - Respiratory) UPDATED ACTUAL
Questions and CORRECT Answers
List 6 types of infectious and inflammatory respiratory 1. Sinusitis
disorders 2. Pharyngitis
3. Tonsilitis / Adenoititis
4. Rhinitis
5. Peritonsillar Abscess
6. Laryngitis
Sinusitis inflammation of the mucus membrane linings in 1+ sinuses
What are some causes of sinusitis? -bacterial invasion of the sinus cavity
-allergy
-congestion
-nasal deformities
-mucus blocking the passage
-common cold
-obstruction
Which sinus is most affected by sinusitis? Why? maxillary sinus
most affected due to gravity
What are some assessment findings of sinusitis? -facial headache
-tenderness over the affected sinus
-fever
-malaise
-purulent drainage
-secretions aren't draining properly
-increased pressure
-unilateral pain
-discolored drainage (greenish = dead neutrophils)
What are some common & life-threatening -lower respiratory tract infections (bronchitis, etc)
complications of sinusitis? -otitis media (ear infection)
-osteomyelitis (bone infection)
-meningitis or brain abscess
How is sinusitis medically managed? -bed rest
-steam / humidity
-irrigation (neti pot)
-analgesics (NSAIDs)
-vasoconstrictors ( pseudoephedrine)
-antibiotics (if caused by infection)
-surgery (polyps, structural issues)
What are two patient teachings following surgery for -don't blow nose after
sinusitis? -don't use steroid nasal sprays after
What happens with chronic overuse of steroid nasal rebound nasal congestion
sprays?
, Pharyngitis -"strep throat"
-inflammation of the pharynx (throat)
-Bacterial infection
Which bacteria most often causes pharyngitis? Group A streptococcus
What are other causes of pharyngitis? -smoking
-dust
-chemicals
-excessive talking
-infections
What type of precautions need to be used for patients -droplet precautions
with pharyngitis? -frequent hand hygiene
It is highly contagious
What are some complications of pharyngitis? -rheumatic fever
-rheumatic carditis (bacteria travels to heart valves)
-glomerulonephritis (inflammation of glomeruli in kidneys)
What are some assessment findings for pharyngitis? -painful swallowing
-red, swollen tonsils with white patches
-red, scratchy throat
-swollen/sore lymph nodes
-fever
-positive throat culture
How is pharyngitis medically managed? -antibiotics
-analgesics
-soft diet
-increase rest
-increase fluids
Tonsilitis / Adenoiditis acute or chronic inflammation of the tonsils and/or adenoids
tonsils are the immune system's first line of defense against bacteria/viruses
that enter the mouth
What causes tonsilitis/adenoiditis? -viruses
-bacterial infections (group A streptococcus)
-secondary to otitis media
bacterial infections are most common from ages 5-15 years
viral infections are most common in young children (but rare in children <2
years)
What are symptoms of tonsilitis/adenoiditis? -similar to strep throat
-red, swollen tonsils with white patches
-painful swallowing
How is tonsilitis/adenoiditis medically managed? -antibiotic therapy
-analgesics
-saline gargles
-surgery
Questions and CORRECT Answers
List 6 types of infectious and inflammatory respiratory 1. Sinusitis
disorders 2. Pharyngitis
3. Tonsilitis / Adenoititis
4. Rhinitis
5. Peritonsillar Abscess
6. Laryngitis
Sinusitis inflammation of the mucus membrane linings in 1+ sinuses
What are some causes of sinusitis? -bacterial invasion of the sinus cavity
-allergy
-congestion
-nasal deformities
-mucus blocking the passage
-common cold
-obstruction
Which sinus is most affected by sinusitis? Why? maxillary sinus
most affected due to gravity
What are some assessment findings of sinusitis? -facial headache
-tenderness over the affected sinus
-fever
-malaise
-purulent drainage
-secretions aren't draining properly
-increased pressure
-unilateral pain
-discolored drainage (greenish = dead neutrophils)
What are some common & life-threatening -lower respiratory tract infections (bronchitis, etc)
complications of sinusitis? -otitis media (ear infection)
-osteomyelitis (bone infection)
-meningitis or brain abscess
How is sinusitis medically managed? -bed rest
-steam / humidity
-irrigation (neti pot)
-analgesics (NSAIDs)
-vasoconstrictors ( pseudoephedrine)
-antibiotics (if caused by infection)
-surgery (polyps, structural issues)
What are two patient teachings following surgery for -don't blow nose after
sinusitis? -don't use steroid nasal sprays after
What happens with chronic overuse of steroid nasal rebound nasal congestion
sprays?
, Pharyngitis -"strep throat"
-inflammation of the pharynx (throat)
-Bacterial infection
Which bacteria most often causes pharyngitis? Group A streptococcus
What are other causes of pharyngitis? -smoking
-dust
-chemicals
-excessive talking
-infections
What type of precautions need to be used for patients -droplet precautions
with pharyngitis? -frequent hand hygiene
It is highly contagious
What are some complications of pharyngitis? -rheumatic fever
-rheumatic carditis (bacteria travels to heart valves)
-glomerulonephritis (inflammation of glomeruli in kidneys)
What are some assessment findings for pharyngitis? -painful swallowing
-red, swollen tonsils with white patches
-red, scratchy throat
-swollen/sore lymph nodes
-fever
-positive throat culture
How is pharyngitis medically managed? -antibiotics
-analgesics
-soft diet
-increase rest
-increase fluids
Tonsilitis / Adenoiditis acute or chronic inflammation of the tonsils and/or adenoids
tonsils are the immune system's first line of defense against bacteria/viruses
that enter the mouth
What causes tonsilitis/adenoiditis? -viruses
-bacterial infections (group A streptococcus)
-secondary to otitis media
bacterial infections are most common from ages 5-15 years
viral infections are most common in young children (but rare in children <2
years)
What are symptoms of tonsilitis/adenoiditis? -similar to strep throat
-red, swollen tonsils with white patches
-painful swallowing
How is tonsilitis/adenoiditis medically managed? -antibiotic therapy
-analgesics
-saline gargles
-surgery
