ATI TEAS 7 NURSING SCIENCE EXAM –QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS)
PLUS RATIONALES 2026 Q&A | INSTANT DOWNLOAD PDF.
CORE DOMAINS
- Human Anatomy and Physiology
- Biology and Genetics
- Chemistry and Atomic Structure
- Scientific Reasoning and Methodologies
- Pathophysiology and Disease Processes
- Professional Nursing Ethics and Standards
- Regulatory Compliance in Healthcare
- Clinical Decision-Making and Critical Thinking
INTRODUCTION
The purpose of this comprehensive assessment is to evaluate the foundational knowledge and critical thinking
skills required for entry into nursing and allied health programs. This exam covers essential topics within the
biological and physical sciences, focusing on the intricate systems of the human body, chemical foundations of
life, and the application of the scientific method. The assessment utilizes multiple-choice questions and complex
clinical scenarios to challenge the examinee’s ability to apply theoretical concepts to real-world healthcare
settings. With an emphasis on precision, professional standards, and evidence-based practice, this exam ensures
candidates possess the analytical rigor necessary for high-stakes medical decision-making.
SECTION ONE: QUESTIONS 1–100
1. Which of the following organelles is responsible for the synthesis of lipids and the detoxification of harmful
substances within the cell?
,A. Ribosomes
B. Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
🟢 C. Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
D. Golgi Apparatus
🔴 RATIONALE: The Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER) is specialized for lipid synthesis, steroid hormone
production, and the detoxification of drugs and poisons. Ribosomes and Rough ER are primarily involved in
protein synthesis.
2. In the human respiratory system, where does the majority of gas exchange occur?
A. Bronchioles
🟢 B. Alveoli
C. Trachea
D. Pharynx
🔴 RATIONALE: Alveoli are tiny air sacs at the end of the respiratory tree that provide a large surface area for the
diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the lungs and the bloodstream.
3. A nurse is caring for a patient with a known deficiency in Vitamin K. Which of the following physiological
processes is most likely to be impaired?
A. Bone mineralization
B. Nerve conduction
🟢 C. Blood coagulation
D. Muscle contraction
🔴 RATIONALE: Vitamin K is a necessary cofactor for the synthesis of several clotting factors in the liver. A
deficiency leads to an increased risk of hemorrhaging due to impaired blood clotting.
, 4. Which layer of the heart wall is primarily composed of cardiac muscle tissue responsible for the pumping
action?
A. Epicardium
🟢 B. Myocardium
C. Endocardium
D. Pericardium
🔴 RATIONALE: The myocardium is the middle layer of the heart and consists of thick cardiac muscle fibers that
contract to propel blood through the circulatory system.
5. During an experiment, a scientist notices that a certain plant cell shrivels when placed in a solution. What
is the most likely tonicity of the solution relative to the cell?
🟢 A. Hypertonic
B. Hypotonic
C. Isotonic
D. Mesotonic
🔴 RATIONALE: A hypertonic solution has a higher solute concentration than the cell, causing water to move out
of the cell via osmosis, leading to crenation or shriveling.
6. Which of the following hormones is secreted by the posterior pituitary gland?
A. Growth Hormone (GH)
B. Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH)
🟢 C. Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)
D. Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)
, 🔴 RATIONALE: Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) and Oxytocin are produced in the hypothalamus and
stored/released by the posterior pituitary. GH, TSH, and ACTH are produced by the anterior pituitary.
7. Which plane of the body divides it into superior and inferior portions?
A. Sagittal
B. Frontal
🟢 C. Transverse
D. Coronal
🔴 RATIONALE: The transverse (or horizontal) plane divides the body into upper (superior) and lower (inferior)
halves. Sagittal divides into left and right; frontal/coronal divides into anterior and posterior.
8. A patient is diagnosed with an autoimmune disease that attacks the myelin sheath of central nervous
system neurons. Which cells are being targeted?
A. Schwann cells
🟢 B. Oligodendrocytes
C. Microglia
D. Astrocytes
🔴 RATIONALE: Oligodendrocytes produce myelin in the Central Nervous System (CNS). Schwann cells produce
myelin in the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS).
9. What is the primary function of the large intestine in the human digestive tract?
🟢 A. Absorption of water and electrolytes
B. Chemical digestion of proteins
PLUS RATIONALES 2026 Q&A | INSTANT DOWNLOAD PDF.
CORE DOMAINS
- Human Anatomy and Physiology
- Biology and Genetics
- Chemistry and Atomic Structure
- Scientific Reasoning and Methodologies
- Pathophysiology and Disease Processes
- Professional Nursing Ethics and Standards
- Regulatory Compliance in Healthcare
- Clinical Decision-Making and Critical Thinking
INTRODUCTION
The purpose of this comprehensive assessment is to evaluate the foundational knowledge and critical thinking
skills required for entry into nursing and allied health programs. This exam covers essential topics within the
biological and physical sciences, focusing on the intricate systems of the human body, chemical foundations of
life, and the application of the scientific method. The assessment utilizes multiple-choice questions and complex
clinical scenarios to challenge the examinee’s ability to apply theoretical concepts to real-world healthcare
settings. With an emphasis on precision, professional standards, and evidence-based practice, this exam ensures
candidates possess the analytical rigor necessary for high-stakes medical decision-making.
SECTION ONE: QUESTIONS 1–100
1. Which of the following organelles is responsible for the synthesis of lipids and the detoxification of harmful
substances within the cell?
,A. Ribosomes
B. Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
🟢 C. Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
D. Golgi Apparatus
🔴 RATIONALE: The Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER) is specialized for lipid synthesis, steroid hormone
production, and the detoxification of drugs and poisons. Ribosomes and Rough ER are primarily involved in
protein synthesis.
2. In the human respiratory system, where does the majority of gas exchange occur?
A. Bronchioles
🟢 B. Alveoli
C. Trachea
D. Pharynx
🔴 RATIONALE: Alveoli are tiny air sacs at the end of the respiratory tree that provide a large surface area for the
diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the lungs and the bloodstream.
3. A nurse is caring for a patient with a known deficiency in Vitamin K. Which of the following physiological
processes is most likely to be impaired?
A. Bone mineralization
B. Nerve conduction
🟢 C. Blood coagulation
D. Muscle contraction
🔴 RATIONALE: Vitamin K is a necessary cofactor for the synthesis of several clotting factors in the liver. A
deficiency leads to an increased risk of hemorrhaging due to impaired blood clotting.
, 4. Which layer of the heart wall is primarily composed of cardiac muscle tissue responsible for the pumping
action?
A. Epicardium
🟢 B. Myocardium
C. Endocardium
D. Pericardium
🔴 RATIONALE: The myocardium is the middle layer of the heart and consists of thick cardiac muscle fibers that
contract to propel blood through the circulatory system.
5. During an experiment, a scientist notices that a certain plant cell shrivels when placed in a solution. What
is the most likely tonicity of the solution relative to the cell?
🟢 A. Hypertonic
B. Hypotonic
C. Isotonic
D. Mesotonic
🔴 RATIONALE: A hypertonic solution has a higher solute concentration than the cell, causing water to move out
of the cell via osmosis, leading to crenation or shriveling.
6. Which of the following hormones is secreted by the posterior pituitary gland?
A. Growth Hormone (GH)
B. Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH)
🟢 C. Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)
D. Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)
, 🔴 RATIONALE: Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) and Oxytocin are produced in the hypothalamus and
stored/released by the posterior pituitary. GH, TSH, and ACTH are produced by the anterior pituitary.
7. Which plane of the body divides it into superior and inferior portions?
A. Sagittal
B. Frontal
🟢 C. Transverse
D. Coronal
🔴 RATIONALE: The transverse (or horizontal) plane divides the body into upper (superior) and lower (inferior)
halves. Sagittal divides into left and right; frontal/coronal divides into anterior and posterior.
8. A patient is diagnosed with an autoimmune disease that attacks the myelin sheath of central nervous
system neurons. Which cells are being targeted?
A. Schwann cells
🟢 B. Oligodendrocytes
C. Microglia
D. Astrocytes
🔴 RATIONALE: Oligodendrocytes produce myelin in the Central Nervous System (CNS). Schwann cells produce
myelin in the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS).
9. What is the primary function of the large intestine in the human digestive tract?
🟢 A. Absorption of water and electrolytes
B. Chemical digestion of proteins
