Pediatrics Final Exam Latest (2026)
Complete Frequently Tested Questions
and 100% Correct Answers (A+)
‣ A nurse is caring for a child with cystic fibrosis who has a pulmonary infection. Which
of the following findings is the nurse's priority?
A. Blood streaking of the sputum
B. Dry mucous membranes
C. Constipation
D. Inability to clear secretions -✓✓D. Inability to clear secretions
‣ A nurse is providing dietary teaching to the parent of a child who has cystic fibrosis.
Which of the following dietary recommendations should the nurse make?
A. Increase the child's protein intake
B. Decrease the child's calorie intake
C. Increase the child's fiber intake
D. Decrease the child's salt intake -✓✓A. Increase the child's protein intake
‣ A nurse is admitting a child who has a history of tonic-clonic seizures. Which of the
following items is the priority to have in the child's room?
A. Pulse oximeter
B. Oxygen therapy
C. Bag valve mask
D. Suction equipment -✓✓D. Suction equipment
‣ A nurse in the emergency department is assessing an infant who recently started
taking digoxin to treat a supraventricular arrhythmia. Which of the following findings
should the nurse identify as an indication of digoxin toxicity?
A. Irritability
B. Diaphoresis
C. Vomiting
D. Tachycardia -✓✓C. Vomiting
‣ A nurse is caring for a school-aged child who has acute post-streptococcal
glomerulonephritis. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect?
A. Hypotension
B. Elevated serum lipid levels
C. Decreased serum potassium levels
D. Hematuria -✓✓D. Hematuria
,‣ A nurse is teaching the parents of a 4-month-old infant who has gastroesophageal
reflux. Which of the following statements by a parent indicated an understanding of the
teaching?
A. "I will add 1 teaspoon of rice cereal per ounce to my baby's formula."
B "I will place my baby on her side when sleeping."
C. "I will decrease the number of feedings my baby receives per day."
D. "I will give my baby loperamide with each feeding." -✓✓A. "I will add 1 teaspoon of
rice cereal per ounce to my baby's formula."
‣ A nurse is preparing to assess a 3-month-old infant during a well-child visit. Which of
the following observations should the nurse expect?
A. The infant looks at his hands
B. The infant has a pincer grasp
C. The infant has no head lag when pulled to a sitting position
D. The infant can independently roll from his back to his abdomen -✓✓A. The infant
looks at his hands
‣ A nurse is reviewing the laboratory report of a toddler who is receiving chemotherapy
for leukemia. Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse report to the
provider?
A. Platelets 150,000/mm^3
B. Hgb 6 g/dL
C. WBC 6,000/mm^3
D. Potassium 4.5 mEq/L -✓✓B. Hgb 6 g/dL
‣ A nurse is assessing an infant who develops respiratory distress, absence of breath
sounds on one side, and deviation of the trachea away from the affected side. Based on
these manifestations, which of the following conditions is the infant experiencing?
A. Tension pneumothorax
B. Flail chest
C. Pulmonary contusion
D. Fractured rib -✓✓A. Tension pneumothorax
‣ A nurse is caring for a 12-month-old infant following the surgical repair of a cleft
palate. The nurse should plan to feed the infant using which of the following
instruments?
A. Spoon
B. Straw
C. Firm nipple
D. Cup -✓✓D. Cup
‣ A nurse is teaching the parent of a toddler about home safety. Which of the following
statements by the parent indicated an understanding of the teaching?
A. "I will lock my medications in the medicine cabinet."
B. "I will keep my child's crib mattress at the highest level."
,C. "I will turn pot handles to the side of my stove while cooking."
D. "I will give my child syrup of ipecac if she swallows something poisonous." -✓✓A. "I
will lock my medications in the medicine cabinet."
‣ A nurse is providing teaching to a parent of a preschooler who has impetigo. Which of
the following statements by the parent indicates an understanding of the teaching?
A. "Impetigo is caused by a virus."
B. "Impetigo is contagious for 48 hours after vesicles rupture."
C. "I will wash my child's clothes in hot water."
D. "My child now has immunity against impetigo." -✓✓C. "I will wash my child's clothes
in hot water."
‣ A nurse is assessing a toddler who has measles (rubeola). Which of the following
findings should the nurse expect?
A. Koplik spots
B. Parotitis
C. Strawberry tongue
D. Paroxysmal coughing -✓✓A. Koplik spots
‣ A nurse is creating a plan of care for a preschooler who was admitted for the
treatment of measles. Which of the following activities should the nurse include in the
client's care plan?
A. Constructing a model airplane
B. Playing a video game in the playroom
C. Pulling a wagon with toys in the hallway
D. Putting together a puzzle with large pieces -✓✓D. Putting together a puzzle with
large pieces
‣ A nurse on a pediatric oncology unit is helping the parents of a child who is terminally
ill to prepare for the impending loss of their child. Which of the following statements
should the nurse make?
A. "The nursing staff will bathe your child and take care of his daily needs."
B. "Your child will be most comfortable in a low-stimulation environment."
C. "Would you like assistance in planning where your child will die?"
D. "Would you like hospice to continue providing curative care in your home?" -✓✓c.
"Would you like assistance in planning where your child will die?"
‣ A nurse is caring for an infant following the surgical repair of a cleft lip and palate.
Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
A. Keep the infant's mouth open by using a tongue blade for 4 hr following surgery
B. Suction the infant gently with a bulb syringe PRN
C. Place the infant in a prone position
D. Clean the infant's incision with chlorhexidine -✓✓B. Suction the infant gently with a
bulb syringe PRN
, ‣ A nurse is assessing a toddler who has AIDS. Which of the following findings is an
indication of an opportunistic infection?
A. Koplik spots
B. Peripheral neuropathy
C. Chancre
D. Candidiasis -✓✓D. Candidiasis
‣ A nurse is providing teaching for a 14-year old client who has acne. Which of the
following instruction should the nurse include?
A. "Use an exfoliating cleanser."
B. "Keep hair off your forehead."
C. "Take tetracycline after meals."
D. "Squeeze acne lesions as they appear." -✓✓B. "Keep hair off your forehead."
‣ A nurse is assessing a 4-year-old child. The nurse should expect the child to be able
to perform which of the following activities?
A. Fastening buttons on a shirt
B. Tying shoelaces
C. Parting a combing hair
D. Cutting the meat at dinner -✓✓A. Fastening buttons on a shirt
‣ A nurse is providing teaching to a family of a child who has autism spectrum disorder.
Which of the following statements indicates that the family understands the teaching?
A. "Donepezil might slow the progression of the disorder."
B. "My child will prefer group therapy with other children."
C. "We can help our child by structuring our daily routine."
D. "Our child probably has this condition as a result of prematurity." -✓✓C. "We can help
our child by structuring our daily routine."
‣ A nurse is teaching an adolescent client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus about
managing hypoglycemia. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in
the teaching?
A. "You should drink 8 oz of a regular soft drink if you experience hypoglycemia."
B. "You should drink 4 oz of orange juice if you experience hypoglycemia."
C. "You should take 2 glucose tablets if you experience hypoglycemia."
D. "You should take 3 tsp of sugar if you experience hypoglycemia." -✓✓B. "You should
drink 4 oz of orange juice if you experience hypoglycemia."
‣ A nurse in a provider's office enters an examination room to assess an 8-month-old
infant for the first time. Which of the following reactions by the infant should the nurse
expect?
A. The infant gives the nurse a social smile.
B. The infant turns away when the nurse approaches.
C. The infant reaches out to the nurse to be held.
Complete Frequently Tested Questions
and 100% Correct Answers (A+)
‣ A nurse is caring for a child with cystic fibrosis who has a pulmonary infection. Which
of the following findings is the nurse's priority?
A. Blood streaking of the sputum
B. Dry mucous membranes
C. Constipation
D. Inability to clear secretions -✓✓D. Inability to clear secretions
‣ A nurse is providing dietary teaching to the parent of a child who has cystic fibrosis.
Which of the following dietary recommendations should the nurse make?
A. Increase the child's protein intake
B. Decrease the child's calorie intake
C. Increase the child's fiber intake
D. Decrease the child's salt intake -✓✓A. Increase the child's protein intake
‣ A nurse is admitting a child who has a history of tonic-clonic seizures. Which of the
following items is the priority to have in the child's room?
A. Pulse oximeter
B. Oxygen therapy
C. Bag valve mask
D. Suction equipment -✓✓D. Suction equipment
‣ A nurse in the emergency department is assessing an infant who recently started
taking digoxin to treat a supraventricular arrhythmia. Which of the following findings
should the nurse identify as an indication of digoxin toxicity?
A. Irritability
B. Diaphoresis
C. Vomiting
D. Tachycardia -✓✓C. Vomiting
‣ A nurse is caring for a school-aged child who has acute post-streptococcal
glomerulonephritis. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect?
A. Hypotension
B. Elevated serum lipid levels
C. Decreased serum potassium levels
D. Hematuria -✓✓D. Hematuria
,‣ A nurse is teaching the parents of a 4-month-old infant who has gastroesophageal
reflux. Which of the following statements by a parent indicated an understanding of the
teaching?
A. "I will add 1 teaspoon of rice cereal per ounce to my baby's formula."
B "I will place my baby on her side when sleeping."
C. "I will decrease the number of feedings my baby receives per day."
D. "I will give my baby loperamide with each feeding." -✓✓A. "I will add 1 teaspoon of
rice cereal per ounce to my baby's formula."
‣ A nurse is preparing to assess a 3-month-old infant during a well-child visit. Which of
the following observations should the nurse expect?
A. The infant looks at his hands
B. The infant has a pincer grasp
C. The infant has no head lag when pulled to a sitting position
D. The infant can independently roll from his back to his abdomen -✓✓A. The infant
looks at his hands
‣ A nurse is reviewing the laboratory report of a toddler who is receiving chemotherapy
for leukemia. Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse report to the
provider?
A. Platelets 150,000/mm^3
B. Hgb 6 g/dL
C. WBC 6,000/mm^3
D. Potassium 4.5 mEq/L -✓✓B. Hgb 6 g/dL
‣ A nurse is assessing an infant who develops respiratory distress, absence of breath
sounds on one side, and deviation of the trachea away from the affected side. Based on
these manifestations, which of the following conditions is the infant experiencing?
A. Tension pneumothorax
B. Flail chest
C. Pulmonary contusion
D. Fractured rib -✓✓A. Tension pneumothorax
‣ A nurse is caring for a 12-month-old infant following the surgical repair of a cleft
palate. The nurse should plan to feed the infant using which of the following
instruments?
A. Spoon
B. Straw
C. Firm nipple
D. Cup -✓✓D. Cup
‣ A nurse is teaching the parent of a toddler about home safety. Which of the following
statements by the parent indicated an understanding of the teaching?
A. "I will lock my medications in the medicine cabinet."
B. "I will keep my child's crib mattress at the highest level."
,C. "I will turn pot handles to the side of my stove while cooking."
D. "I will give my child syrup of ipecac if she swallows something poisonous." -✓✓A. "I
will lock my medications in the medicine cabinet."
‣ A nurse is providing teaching to a parent of a preschooler who has impetigo. Which of
the following statements by the parent indicates an understanding of the teaching?
A. "Impetigo is caused by a virus."
B. "Impetigo is contagious for 48 hours after vesicles rupture."
C. "I will wash my child's clothes in hot water."
D. "My child now has immunity against impetigo." -✓✓C. "I will wash my child's clothes
in hot water."
‣ A nurse is assessing a toddler who has measles (rubeola). Which of the following
findings should the nurse expect?
A. Koplik spots
B. Parotitis
C. Strawberry tongue
D. Paroxysmal coughing -✓✓A. Koplik spots
‣ A nurse is creating a plan of care for a preschooler who was admitted for the
treatment of measles. Which of the following activities should the nurse include in the
client's care plan?
A. Constructing a model airplane
B. Playing a video game in the playroom
C. Pulling a wagon with toys in the hallway
D. Putting together a puzzle with large pieces -✓✓D. Putting together a puzzle with
large pieces
‣ A nurse on a pediatric oncology unit is helping the parents of a child who is terminally
ill to prepare for the impending loss of their child. Which of the following statements
should the nurse make?
A. "The nursing staff will bathe your child and take care of his daily needs."
B. "Your child will be most comfortable in a low-stimulation environment."
C. "Would you like assistance in planning where your child will die?"
D. "Would you like hospice to continue providing curative care in your home?" -✓✓c.
"Would you like assistance in planning where your child will die?"
‣ A nurse is caring for an infant following the surgical repair of a cleft lip and palate.
Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
A. Keep the infant's mouth open by using a tongue blade for 4 hr following surgery
B. Suction the infant gently with a bulb syringe PRN
C. Place the infant in a prone position
D. Clean the infant's incision with chlorhexidine -✓✓B. Suction the infant gently with a
bulb syringe PRN
, ‣ A nurse is assessing a toddler who has AIDS. Which of the following findings is an
indication of an opportunistic infection?
A. Koplik spots
B. Peripheral neuropathy
C. Chancre
D. Candidiasis -✓✓D. Candidiasis
‣ A nurse is providing teaching for a 14-year old client who has acne. Which of the
following instruction should the nurse include?
A. "Use an exfoliating cleanser."
B. "Keep hair off your forehead."
C. "Take tetracycline after meals."
D. "Squeeze acne lesions as they appear." -✓✓B. "Keep hair off your forehead."
‣ A nurse is assessing a 4-year-old child. The nurse should expect the child to be able
to perform which of the following activities?
A. Fastening buttons on a shirt
B. Tying shoelaces
C. Parting a combing hair
D. Cutting the meat at dinner -✓✓A. Fastening buttons on a shirt
‣ A nurse is providing teaching to a family of a child who has autism spectrum disorder.
Which of the following statements indicates that the family understands the teaching?
A. "Donepezil might slow the progression of the disorder."
B. "My child will prefer group therapy with other children."
C. "We can help our child by structuring our daily routine."
D. "Our child probably has this condition as a result of prematurity." -✓✓C. "We can help
our child by structuring our daily routine."
‣ A nurse is teaching an adolescent client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus about
managing hypoglycemia. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in
the teaching?
A. "You should drink 8 oz of a regular soft drink if you experience hypoglycemia."
B. "You should drink 4 oz of orange juice if you experience hypoglycemia."
C. "You should take 2 glucose tablets if you experience hypoglycemia."
D. "You should take 3 tsp of sugar if you experience hypoglycemia." -✓✓B. "You should
drink 4 oz of orange juice if you experience hypoglycemia."
‣ A nurse in a provider's office enters an examination room to assess an 8-month-old
infant for the first time. Which of the following reactions by the infant should the nurse
expect?
A. The infant gives the nurse a social smile.
B. The infant turns away when the nurse approaches.
C. The infant reaches out to the nurse to be held.
