DLM(ASCP) EXAM ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GUARANTEED PASS BRAND
NEW 2025/2026
analyze labor costs - ANSWER - >institutional labor cost evaluation
(employment cycle) technical evaluation of labor cost - assign labor
costs to production activities that generate expenses. helps manager
identify where efforts are being expended and productivity
accounting and budgeting labor analysis - helps monitor staffing levels,
productivity and management performance against budget objectives
preanalytical time - ANSWER - >specimen collection, prep, instrument
analytical time - ANSWER - >performing/resulting tests
post analytical time - ANSWER - >reporting and routine maintenance
total hours - ANSWER - >productive hours + nonproductive hours
productive hours - ANSWER - >actual worked hours includes overtime
and training
nonproductive hours - ANSWER - >compensated but not worked. sick
leave, vacation, bereavement, etc.
Full-time equivalent (FTE) - ANSWER - >An employee who works
fulltime, 40 hours per week, 2080 hours per year (total number of
hours paid/ 2080)
,171 or 177 hours - per month
Productivity Measurement - ANSWER - >workload unit (WLU)/ labor
units
time studies - ANSWER - >time required for handling, testing, recording
and reporting, daily and periodic activities, maintenance and repair,
and direct technical supervision.
paid productivity - ANSWER - >tests/ number paid hours number
of tests performed per paid hour.
worked productivity - ANSWER - >tests/ number worked hours number
of tests performed per worked hour
projected salary - ANSWER - >total paid hours x average hourly rate
average hourly rate - ANSWER - >salary expense/ paid hours
supplies - ANSWER - >meet specific time and price criteria. have shelf
life of less than a year.
economic ordering quantity (EOQ) - ANSWER - >Optimum amount to
order at one time
economic ordering point (EOP) - ANSWER - >base/safety level for
reordering
(annual usage/365 days) x lead time in days
optimal reordering time (ROT) - ANSWER - >best time to reorder to take
advantage of EOQ and EOP (EOQ/Annual Usage) x 365 days
,Payback Period - ANSWER - >the amount of time required for an
investment to generate cash flows sufficient to recover its initial cost
payback period formula - ANSWER - >cost of investment / annual net
cash flow
Average rate of return (ARR) - ANSWER - >calculates the average annual
profit of an investment project, expressed as a percentage of the initial
sum of money invested
annual depreciation - ANSWER - >(cost - salvage value) / useful life
Net Present Value (NPV) - ANSWER - >current value of an investment
taking into account impact of interest and inflation on earnings and
anticipated revenue received of a period of years.
sum of present values of each net cash flow (each year)
Initial Rate of Return (IRR) - ANSWER - >the discount rate that makes
the NPV of an investment zero.
top-down budget - ANSWER - >A process by which executive managers
(hospital administration/pathologists) create the budget, and that
budget is then pushed down through the rest of the organization.
bottom up budget - ANSWER - >A budgeting process that begins at the
lowest levels of management and filters up through the organization.
comes from managers creating their own budget for their sections
Zero-Based Budget - ANSWER - >allocates resources as if each budget
was brand new
, operating budget - ANSWER - >budget for day-to-day expenses
is based on historic/current performance and projection of future
business.
capital budget - ANSWER - >budget for major capital, or investment,
expenditures (new equipment, replacement equipment and
construction)
Return on Investment (ROI) - ANSWER - >aka bottom line
(gain - cost)/ cost
Net Revenue - ANSWER - >gross revenue - deductions and allowances -
budgeted direct and indirect expenses
Budget Analysis - ANSWER - >The process of studying financial data to
provide information that helps to make budget decisions; assessment
of financial performance.
tools needed - variance analysis, volume and productivity data
cashflow statement - ANSWER - >a monthly or yearly document that
breaks down cash from operations, investments and financing.
balance sheet - ANSWER - >used at the end of the fiscal year. displays
assets and liabilities
account receivable - ANSWER - >income that has been earned but for
which no cash payment has been received
financial accounting - ANSWER - >bottom line. focusing on cash flow
and financial position of the organization. recorded on balance sheet.
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GUARANTEED PASS BRAND
NEW 2025/2026
analyze labor costs - ANSWER - >institutional labor cost evaluation
(employment cycle) technical evaluation of labor cost - assign labor
costs to production activities that generate expenses. helps manager
identify where efforts are being expended and productivity
accounting and budgeting labor analysis - helps monitor staffing levels,
productivity and management performance against budget objectives
preanalytical time - ANSWER - >specimen collection, prep, instrument
analytical time - ANSWER - >performing/resulting tests
post analytical time - ANSWER - >reporting and routine maintenance
total hours - ANSWER - >productive hours + nonproductive hours
productive hours - ANSWER - >actual worked hours includes overtime
and training
nonproductive hours - ANSWER - >compensated but not worked. sick
leave, vacation, bereavement, etc.
Full-time equivalent (FTE) - ANSWER - >An employee who works
fulltime, 40 hours per week, 2080 hours per year (total number of
hours paid/ 2080)
,171 or 177 hours - per month
Productivity Measurement - ANSWER - >workload unit (WLU)/ labor
units
time studies - ANSWER - >time required for handling, testing, recording
and reporting, daily and periodic activities, maintenance and repair,
and direct technical supervision.
paid productivity - ANSWER - >tests/ number paid hours number
of tests performed per paid hour.
worked productivity - ANSWER - >tests/ number worked hours number
of tests performed per worked hour
projected salary - ANSWER - >total paid hours x average hourly rate
average hourly rate - ANSWER - >salary expense/ paid hours
supplies - ANSWER - >meet specific time and price criteria. have shelf
life of less than a year.
economic ordering quantity (EOQ) - ANSWER - >Optimum amount to
order at one time
economic ordering point (EOP) - ANSWER - >base/safety level for
reordering
(annual usage/365 days) x lead time in days
optimal reordering time (ROT) - ANSWER - >best time to reorder to take
advantage of EOQ and EOP (EOQ/Annual Usage) x 365 days
,Payback Period - ANSWER - >the amount of time required for an
investment to generate cash flows sufficient to recover its initial cost
payback period formula - ANSWER - >cost of investment / annual net
cash flow
Average rate of return (ARR) - ANSWER - >calculates the average annual
profit of an investment project, expressed as a percentage of the initial
sum of money invested
annual depreciation - ANSWER - >(cost - salvage value) / useful life
Net Present Value (NPV) - ANSWER - >current value of an investment
taking into account impact of interest and inflation on earnings and
anticipated revenue received of a period of years.
sum of present values of each net cash flow (each year)
Initial Rate of Return (IRR) - ANSWER - >the discount rate that makes
the NPV of an investment zero.
top-down budget - ANSWER - >A process by which executive managers
(hospital administration/pathologists) create the budget, and that
budget is then pushed down through the rest of the organization.
bottom up budget - ANSWER - >A budgeting process that begins at the
lowest levels of management and filters up through the organization.
comes from managers creating their own budget for their sections
Zero-Based Budget - ANSWER - >allocates resources as if each budget
was brand new
, operating budget - ANSWER - >budget for day-to-day expenses
is based on historic/current performance and projection of future
business.
capital budget - ANSWER - >budget for major capital, or investment,
expenditures (new equipment, replacement equipment and
construction)
Return on Investment (ROI) - ANSWER - >aka bottom line
(gain - cost)/ cost
Net Revenue - ANSWER - >gross revenue - deductions and allowances -
budgeted direct and indirect expenses
Budget Analysis - ANSWER - >The process of studying financial data to
provide information that helps to make budget decisions; assessment
of financial performance.
tools needed - variance analysis, volume and productivity data
cashflow statement - ANSWER - >a monthly or yearly document that
breaks down cash from operations, investments and financing.
balance sheet - ANSWER - >used at the end of the fiscal year. displays
assets and liabilities
account receivable - ANSWER - >income that has been earned but for
which no cash payment has been received
financial accounting - ANSWER - >bottom line. focusing on cash flow
and financial position of the organization. recorded on balance sheet.
