PSY 355 Exam 2 UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT
Answers
What are the Belmont Report Principles? Respect for persons, beneficence, and justice.
What is respect for persons? People have equal moral value and are autonomous agents. Informed consent.
What is beneficence? Concern for welfare. Protect participants from harm to ensure well-being.
Anonymous and/or confidential studies.
What is justice? Fair balance between the people who participate in research and the people
who benefit from it.
How was the Tuskegee Syphilis Study unethical? Lack of beneficence: risky and invasive medical tests, exposed families to
untreated syphilis, withheld benefits.
Lack of justice: participants were all Black men from the lowest income levels,
undue burden of risk.
How were the Milgram studies unethical? Lack of beneficence: no consideration for how stressful the study's situation
was.
What are the APA Ethical Standard 8 guidelines? Informed consent, minimizing deception/harm, IRB approval, confidentiality,
debriefing, honest reporting, sharing data for verification, etc.
What is the IRB? Institutional Review Board: ensuring research using human participants is
conducted ethically.
What is informed consent? The right of research participants to learn about a research project, its risks and
benefits, and decide whether or not to participate.
What is a debrief? To inform participants afterward about a study's true nature, details, and
hypotheses.
Answers
What are the Belmont Report Principles? Respect for persons, beneficence, and justice.
What is respect for persons? People have equal moral value and are autonomous agents. Informed consent.
What is beneficence? Concern for welfare. Protect participants from harm to ensure well-being.
Anonymous and/or confidential studies.
What is justice? Fair balance between the people who participate in research and the people
who benefit from it.
How was the Tuskegee Syphilis Study unethical? Lack of beneficence: risky and invasive medical tests, exposed families to
untreated syphilis, withheld benefits.
Lack of justice: participants were all Black men from the lowest income levels,
undue burden of risk.
How were the Milgram studies unethical? Lack of beneficence: no consideration for how stressful the study's situation
was.
What are the APA Ethical Standard 8 guidelines? Informed consent, minimizing deception/harm, IRB approval, confidentiality,
debriefing, honest reporting, sharing data for verification, etc.
What is the IRB? Institutional Review Board: ensuring research using human participants is
conducted ethically.
What is informed consent? The right of research participants to learn about a research project, its risks and
benefits, and decide whether or not to participate.
What is a debrief? To inform participants afterward about a study's true nature, details, and
hypotheses.
