PSY 355 EXAM 2 UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT
Answers
Order Effects Order in which information is presented influences memory and impressions
Primacy Effect Info presented first is remembered best
When is primacy effect strongest When forming opinions or first impressions
Availability heuristic mental shortcut where people judge likelihood or frequency based on how
easily examples come to mind
Fluency Ease with which information is processes
representativeness heuristic Judging if something fits a category based on similarity to a prototype of
stereotype
Example of representativeness heuristic Jack is quiet and loves puzzles so he must be an engineer
Example of availability heuristic Thinking plane crashes are common because they're vivid in the news
Belief perseverance tendency to cling to initial beliefs even after they've been disproven
affective forecasting predicting how we'll feel in the future
adaptation-level theory happiness adjusts to prior experiences; emotional impact fades over time
social comparison theory happiness depends on how we compare ourselves to others
Why are people bad at predicting emotions Adaptation and social comparison
immune neglect underestimating our ability to recover emotionally from negative events
Psychological Immune System our mind's ability to adapt and bounce back from emotional setbacks
Focalism focusing too much on one negative event and ignoring other positive aspects
of life
example of focalism after a breakup, focusing only on loneliness and ignoring friendships or
hobbies
ABC Model Components Affective, Behavioral, Cognitive
Mixed attitudes Leads to inconsistent behavior
Explicit Attitudes Conscious, deliberate attitudes that people can report directly
Implicit attitudes automatic, unconscious attitudes that can differ from explicit ones
Answers
Order Effects Order in which information is presented influences memory and impressions
Primacy Effect Info presented first is remembered best
When is primacy effect strongest When forming opinions or first impressions
Availability heuristic mental shortcut where people judge likelihood or frequency based on how
easily examples come to mind
Fluency Ease with which information is processes
representativeness heuristic Judging if something fits a category based on similarity to a prototype of
stereotype
Example of representativeness heuristic Jack is quiet and loves puzzles so he must be an engineer
Example of availability heuristic Thinking plane crashes are common because they're vivid in the news
Belief perseverance tendency to cling to initial beliefs even after they've been disproven
affective forecasting predicting how we'll feel in the future
adaptation-level theory happiness adjusts to prior experiences; emotional impact fades over time
social comparison theory happiness depends on how we compare ourselves to others
Why are people bad at predicting emotions Adaptation and social comparison
immune neglect underestimating our ability to recover emotionally from negative events
Psychological Immune System our mind's ability to adapt and bounce back from emotional setbacks
Focalism focusing too much on one negative event and ignoring other positive aspects
of life
example of focalism after a breakup, focusing only on loneliness and ignoring friendships or
hobbies
ABC Model Components Affective, Behavioral, Cognitive
Mixed attitudes Leads to inconsistent behavior
Explicit Attitudes Conscious, deliberate attitudes that people can report directly
Implicit attitudes automatic, unconscious attitudes that can differ from explicit ones
