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Epidemiology ✔Correct Answer-The study of the distribution and determinants of health
related states or events.
Distribution ✔Correct Answer-The occurrance of cases by person, place, and time.
Determinants ✔Correct Answer-Risk factors asscociated with the occurrence of a disease or
health event. Favors may be physical, behavorial, biological, social, or cultural.
Health Related State ✔Correct Answer-The diagnosis of a disease, cause of death, or health
behavior.
Specified Population (Population) ✔Correct Answer-A group that can be measured and
defined by demographics, geographic location time period, or other characteristics.
Application ✔Correct Answer-Using data and methods to steer public health descisions and
community based interventions to control and prevent health problems.
Hippocrates ✔Correct Answer-Father of medicine
Dismissed supernatural causes of disease
Coined Endemic and Epidemic
Girolamo Frcastoro ✔Correct Answer-3 Modes of Disease Transmission, beginning of Germ
theory.
Direct contact
Contact with Foamites
Through the Air
John Graunt ✔Correct Answer-Published bills of mortality, used data for quantitative analysis,
published life table with odds of reaching each age.
Bernadino Ramazzini ✔Correct Answer-Father of occupation medicine
Author "The disease of workers"
Francois de Sauvages de Lacroix ✔Correct Answer-Frenchmen who introduced Systematic
classification of disease.
James Lind ✔Correct Answer-First clinical trial, discovered citrus as a treatment for scurvy.
, Edward Jenner ✔Correct Answer-British, observed relationship between cowpox and
smallpox, developed inoculation.
Ignaz Semmewleis ✔Correct Answer-Proved washing hands lowered risk of puerperol fever.
John Snow ✔Correct Answer-Father of Epidemiology, discovered water to be source of
Cholera outbreak in London.
Communicable Disease ✔Correct Answer-An illness due to a specific infectious agent and / or
its toxic products that arise through transmission.
Communicable does not always mean ✔Correct Answer-contagious
Infection ✔Correct Answer-The entry and multiplication of the infective agent within the
body.
Infestation ✔Correct Answer-The presence of an infectious agent on the surface of the body.
Contamination ✔Correct Answer-Presence of infectious agent on articles of apperal /
inanimate objects.
Zoonosis ✔Correct Answer-A disease that can naturally pass from animals to humans.
(Rabies)
Emerging Pathogen ✔Correct Answer-An agent of infection who's incidence has not
previously been recorded in humans. Coronavirus
Host ✔Correct Answer-Organism that becomes infected.
Vector ✔Correct Answer-An organism that helps to transfer the agent between hosts.
Common example is a mosquito.
Agent ✔Correct Answer-The organism that infects the host.
Environment ✔Correct Answer-The broader context in which the host became infected.
Direct Transmission ✔Correct Answer-Direct human to human contact. Spit, tears, sneeze etc.
Indirect Tarnsmission ✔Correct Answer-Vehicles, foamites, airborne etc.
Infectivity ✔Correct Answer-Propensity for transmission / infection, given exposure.
Pathogenicity ✔Correct Answer-The ability to produce disease, given infection.