PHIL201 Exam
Agent - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔✔ A person who acts (performs an action)
Surface freedoms - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔✔ freedom to perform certain types of actions; free from
interference in performing actions
Free Will - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔✔ is a power of ability to make decision and perform actions for
which one may be held morally responsible.
Responsibility - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔✔ that in virtue of which one is held accountable for her
decision or action (often connected with praiseworthiness or blameworthiness)
Ultimate Responsibility - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔✔ The sources or origins of our actions are "in us" and
not something else (example: fate, god, antecent conditions and laws of nature)
Ambiguous - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔✔ If these conditions obtain, the event must occur.
logically necessary - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔✔ its denial is a contradiction
casually necessary - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔✔ it must occur; it cannot fail to occur.
Causally possible - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔✔ in these particular circumstances (including the past and
the laws of nature), ____ may occur.
Logically possible - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔✔ regardless of the particular circumstances (ignoring the
perticular past and laws of nature, there is no contradiction in conceiving.
Alternate possibilities - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔✔ although I made this choice or performed this action,
I could have chosen to acted otherwise
Ultimate responsibility - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔✔ the source of my choice or action is "in me", not in
outside factors beyond my control.
Determinism and quantum mechanics (QM) - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔✔ 1. there are other
interpretations of QM; perhaps sub-atomic perticules will be found to be completely deterministic. 2.
Note clear that indeterministic quantum behavior implies indeterministic human behavior 3. Even if
human behavior is indeterministic, that need not imply that humans have free will - human behavior
might just be random. 4. Other areas of scientific study seem to move I nthe direction of determinism
(e.g: genetics, biochemical influences on the brain, hormones, etc.
Compatibilism - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔✔ the view that there is no conflict between free will and
determinism
Incompatibilism - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔✔ The view that there is a conflict between free will and
determinism.
Contra-causal freedom - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔✔ given exactly this set of conditions (past and laws of
nature) there is more than one causally possible outcome.
Luck objection to indeterminism - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔✔ it is just a matter of luck - the agent has no
control - that the agent performs one action rather than another
Agent - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔✔ A person who acts (performs an action)
Surface freedoms - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔✔ freedom to perform certain types of actions; free from
interference in performing actions
Free Will - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔✔ is a power of ability to make decision and perform actions for
which one may be held morally responsible.
Responsibility - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔✔ that in virtue of which one is held accountable for her
decision or action (often connected with praiseworthiness or blameworthiness)
Ultimate Responsibility - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔✔ The sources or origins of our actions are "in us" and
not something else (example: fate, god, antecent conditions and laws of nature)
Ambiguous - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔✔ If these conditions obtain, the event must occur.
logically necessary - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔✔ its denial is a contradiction
casually necessary - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔✔ it must occur; it cannot fail to occur.
Causally possible - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔✔ in these particular circumstances (including the past and
the laws of nature), ____ may occur.
Logically possible - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔✔ regardless of the particular circumstances (ignoring the
perticular past and laws of nature, there is no contradiction in conceiving.
Alternate possibilities - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔✔ although I made this choice or performed this action,
I could have chosen to acted otherwise
Ultimate responsibility - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔✔ the source of my choice or action is "in me", not in
outside factors beyond my control.
Determinism and quantum mechanics (QM) - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔✔ 1. there are other
interpretations of QM; perhaps sub-atomic perticules will be found to be completely deterministic. 2.
Note clear that indeterministic quantum behavior implies indeterministic human behavior 3. Even if
human behavior is indeterministic, that need not imply that humans have free will - human behavior
might just be random. 4. Other areas of scientific study seem to move I nthe direction of determinism
(e.g: genetics, biochemical influences on the brain, hormones, etc.
Compatibilism - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔✔ the view that there is no conflict between free will and
determinism
Incompatibilism - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔✔ The view that there is a conflict between free will and
determinism.
Contra-causal freedom - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔✔ given exactly this set of conditions (past and laws of
nature) there is more than one causally possible outcome.
Luck objection to indeterminism - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔✔ it is just a matter of luck - the agent has no
control - that the agent performs one action rather than another
