Psych 1FF3: Exam UPDATED ACTUAL
Questions and CORRECT Answers
Amblyopia - CORRECT ANSWER Sometimes referred to as 'lazy eye', amblyopia is the loss of
visual acuity in an otherwise healthy eye.
Cohort effect - CORRECT ANSWER A disadvantage of the cross-sectional design. Difference
between age groups may be due to generational differences and not reflect actual differences in
development.
Crystallized intelligence - CORRECT ANSWER An individual's accumulated knowledge. May
increase with age.
Fluid intelligence - CORRECT ANSWER Generally involves abstract thinking and quick reasoning
and tends to decline with age.
Neural plate - CORRECT ANSWER A key developmental component of the nervous system. It is
composed of primitive neural tissue and eventually develops into the neural tube.
Neural tube - CORRECT ANSWER The neural plate folds and closes to become a hollow structure
known as the neural tube.
Neurogenesis - CORRECT ANSWER The development and growth of neurons.
Quasi-experiment - CORRECT ANSWER Similar to traditional experimental design but lacks the
random assignment of individuals to groups.
Synaptic pruning - CORRECT ANSWER Changes in neural structures that results in a reduction in
the number of synapses.
,Adaptive radiation - CORRECT ANSWER The diversification of a group of organisms into forms
filling different ecological niches.
Co-residence duration - CORRECT ANSWER Cue of relatedness; the longer two individuals lived
together throughout childhood, the more likely they are to be related.
Differential reproduction - CORRECT ANSWER Organisms have different rates of reproductive
success.
Eugenics - CORRECT ANSWER The science of trying to improve the human population by
controlled breeding to increase desirable heritable traits.
Fluctuating asymmetry - CORRECT ANSWER A measure of bilateral traits that are symmetrical
over the population as a whole, but not necessarily for an individual. Higher symmetry is considered more
desirable.
Intersexual selection - CORRECT ANSWER Competition within individuals to capture the interest
of the other sex.
Intrasexual selection - CORRECT ANSWER Competition within individuals over access to the
opposite sex.
Maternal-perinatal association - CORRECT ANSWER Older siblings learn to recognize offspring
that their mother cares for as younger siblings.
Absolute refractory period - CORRECT ANSWER The interval where a second action potential
cannot be initiated, no matter how large a stimulus is applied.
Relative refractory period - CORRECT ANSWER Occurs during hyperpolarization after an action
potential; a greater than normal stimulus is required to elicit another action potential.
, Afferent nerve fibers - CORRECT ANSWER Fibers that carry information inward to the CNS from
the periphery of the body.
Efferent nerve fibers - CORRECT ANSWER Fibers that carry information outward from the CNS
to the periphery of the body.
Somatic nervous system - CORRECT ANSWER Part of the PNS; controls the voluntary
movements of muscles.
Autonomic nervous system - CORRECT ANSWER Part of the PNS; controls muscle movement
that happens outside of our conscious awareness and control.
Sympathetic nervous system - CORRECT ANSWER Part of the autonomic nervous system;
involved with preparing the body for emergencies (the fight-or-flight response).
Parasympathetic nervous system - CORRECT ANSWER Part of the autonomic nervous system;
Helps to return the body to normal function after the activation of the sympathetic nervous system.
Depolarization - CORRECT ANSWER When the membrane potential becomes more positive/less
negative.
Hyperpolarized - CORRECT ANSWER The membrane potential becomes more negative than the
resting potential.
Effector - CORRECT ANSWER An organ or cell that is capable of receiving and responding to
nerve impulses.
Most common form: Motor neuron
Myelin sheath - CORRECT ANSWER A tube of fatty tissue that forms an insulating covering
around the axon.
Questions and CORRECT Answers
Amblyopia - CORRECT ANSWER Sometimes referred to as 'lazy eye', amblyopia is the loss of
visual acuity in an otherwise healthy eye.
Cohort effect - CORRECT ANSWER A disadvantage of the cross-sectional design. Difference
between age groups may be due to generational differences and not reflect actual differences in
development.
Crystallized intelligence - CORRECT ANSWER An individual's accumulated knowledge. May
increase with age.
Fluid intelligence - CORRECT ANSWER Generally involves abstract thinking and quick reasoning
and tends to decline with age.
Neural plate - CORRECT ANSWER A key developmental component of the nervous system. It is
composed of primitive neural tissue and eventually develops into the neural tube.
Neural tube - CORRECT ANSWER The neural plate folds and closes to become a hollow structure
known as the neural tube.
Neurogenesis - CORRECT ANSWER The development and growth of neurons.
Quasi-experiment - CORRECT ANSWER Similar to traditional experimental design but lacks the
random assignment of individuals to groups.
Synaptic pruning - CORRECT ANSWER Changes in neural structures that results in a reduction in
the number of synapses.
,Adaptive radiation - CORRECT ANSWER The diversification of a group of organisms into forms
filling different ecological niches.
Co-residence duration - CORRECT ANSWER Cue of relatedness; the longer two individuals lived
together throughout childhood, the more likely they are to be related.
Differential reproduction - CORRECT ANSWER Organisms have different rates of reproductive
success.
Eugenics - CORRECT ANSWER The science of trying to improve the human population by
controlled breeding to increase desirable heritable traits.
Fluctuating asymmetry - CORRECT ANSWER A measure of bilateral traits that are symmetrical
over the population as a whole, but not necessarily for an individual. Higher symmetry is considered more
desirable.
Intersexual selection - CORRECT ANSWER Competition within individuals to capture the interest
of the other sex.
Intrasexual selection - CORRECT ANSWER Competition within individuals over access to the
opposite sex.
Maternal-perinatal association - CORRECT ANSWER Older siblings learn to recognize offspring
that their mother cares for as younger siblings.
Absolute refractory period - CORRECT ANSWER The interval where a second action potential
cannot be initiated, no matter how large a stimulus is applied.
Relative refractory period - CORRECT ANSWER Occurs during hyperpolarization after an action
potential; a greater than normal stimulus is required to elicit another action potential.
, Afferent nerve fibers - CORRECT ANSWER Fibers that carry information inward to the CNS from
the periphery of the body.
Efferent nerve fibers - CORRECT ANSWER Fibers that carry information outward from the CNS
to the periphery of the body.
Somatic nervous system - CORRECT ANSWER Part of the PNS; controls the voluntary
movements of muscles.
Autonomic nervous system - CORRECT ANSWER Part of the PNS; controls muscle movement
that happens outside of our conscious awareness and control.
Sympathetic nervous system - CORRECT ANSWER Part of the autonomic nervous system;
involved with preparing the body for emergencies (the fight-or-flight response).
Parasympathetic nervous system - CORRECT ANSWER Part of the autonomic nervous system;
Helps to return the body to normal function after the activation of the sympathetic nervous system.
Depolarization - CORRECT ANSWER When the membrane potential becomes more positive/less
negative.
Hyperpolarized - CORRECT ANSWER The membrane potential becomes more negative than the
resting potential.
Effector - CORRECT ANSWER An organ or cell that is capable of receiving and responding to
nerve impulses.
Most common form: Motor neuron
Myelin sheath - CORRECT ANSWER A tube of fatty tissue that forms an insulating covering
around the axon.
