PSYCH 1FF3 - all modules UPDATED
ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT
Answers
Development - CORRECT ANSWER Changes & continuities that occur when the individual
between conception & death
Maturation - CORRECT ANSWER Biologically timed unfolding of changes within the individual
according to that individual's genetic plan
Learning - CORRECT ANSWER Relatively permanent changes in our thoughts, behaviours &
feelings as a result of our experiences
Interactionist Perspective - CORRECT ANSWER View that holds that maturation & learning
interact during development
Habituation Procedure - CORRECT ANSWER Study babies' basic sensory capabilities to
determine if an infant can detect the difference between 2 stimuli
Habituation - CORRECT ANSWER Decrease in responsiveness to a stimulus following its
repeated presentation
Dishabituation - CORRECT ANSWER Increase in responsiveness to a stimulus that is somehow
different from the habituated stimulus
Event-Related Potentials (ERP) - CORRECT ANSWER Measure of brain electrical activity evoked
by the presentation of stimuli
High Amplitude Sucking Method - CORRECT ANSWER Infants' likes & dislikes by monitoring
their sucking behaviour measured by a special pacifier
,Preference Method - CORRECT ANSWER Infants put into looking chamber to simultaneously
look at 2 different stimuli, measures direction infants looking
Competence - Performance Distinction - CORRECT ANSWER Individual may fail a task, not
because they lack cognitive abilities but because they are unable to demonstrate those abilities
Longitudinal Design - CORRECT ANSWER Same individuals are studied repeatedly over time
subset of their lifespan
Cross Sectional Design - CORRECT ANSWER Individuals from different age groups are studied at
the same point in time
Zygote - CORRECT ANSWER New cell formed when sperm penetrates an ovum, contains 46
chromosomes with 23 from each parent
Chromosome - CORRECT ANSWER Thread-like structure made from deoxyribonucleic acid or
DNA
Monozygotic Twins - CORRECT ANSWER Genetically identical because they come from the
same sperm & ovum from 1 zygote & split into 2
Dizygotic Twins - CORRECT ANSWER Share 50% of genes because they come from 2 different
sperm & ovum
Genotype - CORRECT ANSWER An individual's inherited genes
Phenotype - CORRECT ANSWER Expression of individual's genotype in terms of observable
characteristics
,Simple Dominant - Recessive Inheritance - CORRECT ANSWER Pattern of inheritance in which
expression of a trait is determined by a single pair of alleles
Allele - CORRECT ANSWER Specific form of a gene
Homozygous - CORRECT ANSWER When someone has 2 identical alleles of a particular gene
Heterozygous - CORRECT ANSWER When someone has 2 different alleles of a particular trait
Polygenic Inheritance - CORRECT ANSWER The expression of a trait is determined by the
interaction of multiple genes
Codominance - CORRECT ANSWER Expression of a trait is determined & expressed equally by 2
dominant alleles
Sex-Linked Inheritance - CORRECT ANSWER Expression of trait is determined by genes on the x
or y chromosome
Nurturist - CORRECT ANSWER External factors alone ultimately influence development
Naturists - CORRECT ANSWER Genes predetermine the path of development
Canalization Principle - CORRECT ANSWER Genotype restricts the phenotype to a small number
of possible development outcomes
Range of Reaction Principle - CORRECT ANSWER Genotype establishes a range of possible
phenotypes in response to different kinds of individual life experiences
Critical Period - CORRECT ANSWER Window of opportunity within an individual's development
in which particular environmental stimulation is necessary
, Experience Expectant Brain Growth - CORRECT ANSWER Brains have evolved to expect a
certain amount of environmental input for normal development
Experience Dependent Brain Growth - CORRECT ANSWER Our brains develop according to our
own personal experiences
Sensitive Periods - CORRECT ANSWER Developmental periods during which a specific type of
learning takes place most easily
Adaptations - CORRECT ANSWER Biological traits that help individuals survive & reproduce in
their habitat
Natural Selection - CORRECT ANSWER Differential survival & reproduction of organisms as a
result of heritable differences between them
Darwinian Fitness - CORRECT ANSWER Average reproductive success of an individual in a
population
Reproductive success - CORRECT ANSWER Success of a genotype relative to alternative
genotypes
Evolution - CORRECT ANSWER Change in gene frequencies over generations due to the
formation of new gene variations via mutations
Sexual Selection - CORRECT ANSWER Component of natural selection that acts on traits that
influence an organism's ability to obtain a mate, resulting in differential reproductive success
Intersexual Selection - CORRECT ANSWER Female choice
Intrasexual Selection - CORRECT ANSWER Male competition
ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT
Answers
Development - CORRECT ANSWER Changes & continuities that occur when the individual
between conception & death
Maturation - CORRECT ANSWER Biologically timed unfolding of changes within the individual
according to that individual's genetic plan
Learning - CORRECT ANSWER Relatively permanent changes in our thoughts, behaviours &
feelings as a result of our experiences
Interactionist Perspective - CORRECT ANSWER View that holds that maturation & learning
interact during development
Habituation Procedure - CORRECT ANSWER Study babies' basic sensory capabilities to
determine if an infant can detect the difference between 2 stimuli
Habituation - CORRECT ANSWER Decrease in responsiveness to a stimulus following its
repeated presentation
Dishabituation - CORRECT ANSWER Increase in responsiveness to a stimulus that is somehow
different from the habituated stimulus
Event-Related Potentials (ERP) - CORRECT ANSWER Measure of brain electrical activity evoked
by the presentation of stimuli
High Amplitude Sucking Method - CORRECT ANSWER Infants' likes & dislikes by monitoring
their sucking behaviour measured by a special pacifier
,Preference Method - CORRECT ANSWER Infants put into looking chamber to simultaneously
look at 2 different stimuli, measures direction infants looking
Competence - Performance Distinction - CORRECT ANSWER Individual may fail a task, not
because they lack cognitive abilities but because they are unable to demonstrate those abilities
Longitudinal Design - CORRECT ANSWER Same individuals are studied repeatedly over time
subset of their lifespan
Cross Sectional Design - CORRECT ANSWER Individuals from different age groups are studied at
the same point in time
Zygote - CORRECT ANSWER New cell formed when sperm penetrates an ovum, contains 46
chromosomes with 23 from each parent
Chromosome - CORRECT ANSWER Thread-like structure made from deoxyribonucleic acid or
DNA
Monozygotic Twins - CORRECT ANSWER Genetically identical because they come from the
same sperm & ovum from 1 zygote & split into 2
Dizygotic Twins - CORRECT ANSWER Share 50% of genes because they come from 2 different
sperm & ovum
Genotype - CORRECT ANSWER An individual's inherited genes
Phenotype - CORRECT ANSWER Expression of individual's genotype in terms of observable
characteristics
,Simple Dominant - Recessive Inheritance - CORRECT ANSWER Pattern of inheritance in which
expression of a trait is determined by a single pair of alleles
Allele - CORRECT ANSWER Specific form of a gene
Homozygous - CORRECT ANSWER When someone has 2 identical alleles of a particular gene
Heterozygous - CORRECT ANSWER When someone has 2 different alleles of a particular trait
Polygenic Inheritance - CORRECT ANSWER The expression of a trait is determined by the
interaction of multiple genes
Codominance - CORRECT ANSWER Expression of a trait is determined & expressed equally by 2
dominant alleles
Sex-Linked Inheritance - CORRECT ANSWER Expression of trait is determined by genes on the x
or y chromosome
Nurturist - CORRECT ANSWER External factors alone ultimately influence development
Naturists - CORRECT ANSWER Genes predetermine the path of development
Canalization Principle - CORRECT ANSWER Genotype restricts the phenotype to a small number
of possible development outcomes
Range of Reaction Principle - CORRECT ANSWER Genotype establishes a range of possible
phenotypes in response to different kinds of individual life experiences
Critical Period - CORRECT ANSWER Window of opportunity within an individual's development
in which particular environmental stimulation is necessary
, Experience Expectant Brain Growth - CORRECT ANSWER Brains have evolved to expect a
certain amount of environmental input for normal development
Experience Dependent Brain Growth - CORRECT ANSWER Our brains develop according to our
own personal experiences
Sensitive Periods - CORRECT ANSWER Developmental periods during which a specific type of
learning takes place most easily
Adaptations - CORRECT ANSWER Biological traits that help individuals survive & reproduce in
their habitat
Natural Selection - CORRECT ANSWER Differential survival & reproduction of organisms as a
result of heritable differences between them
Darwinian Fitness - CORRECT ANSWER Average reproductive success of an individual in a
population
Reproductive success - CORRECT ANSWER Success of a genotype relative to alternative
genotypes
Evolution - CORRECT ANSWER Change in gene frequencies over generations due to the
formation of new gene variations via mutations
Sexual Selection - CORRECT ANSWER Component of natural selection that acts on traits that
influence an organism's ability to obtain a mate, resulting in differential reproductive success
Intersexual Selection - CORRECT ANSWER Female choice
Intrasexual Selection - CORRECT ANSWER Male competition
