UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and
CORRECT Answers
which of the following is not a criterion for inferring causality?
a. the cause and the effect covary
b. alternative explanations of the results are eliminated
c. the causal variable precedes the hypothesized effect
d. participants must be randomly assigned to conditions
e. a systematic relationship is observed between the cause and effect - CORRECT ANSWER d.
participants must be randomly assigned to conditions
contemporary history is a problem
a. in all experimental and quasi-experimental designs
b. when one group experiences an event that another group does not experience
c. in research that deals with current events
d. when another event occurs at the same time as the quasi-independent variable
e. in program evaluation research - CORRECT ANSWER d. when another event occurs at the same
time as the quasi-independent variable
the primary difference between quasi-experiments and true experiments is that quasi-experiments
a. require fewer participants
b. do not involve random assignment
c. have no dependent variable
d. involve a single participant
e. are conducted outside of a laboratory - CORRECT ANSWER b. do not involve random
assignment
the central threat to the internal validity of a simple interrupted time series design is