PSYC 2490 - Abnormal Psych EXAM
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS
in addition to the structural brain changes observed in
schizophrenia, ________________ changes are well documented and
are often linked to structural abnormalities such that regions that
have ________________ neural tissues also seem to function
atypically.
functional; reduced
what is the most broadly accepted system for identifying particular
types of disorders?
the current edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of
Mental Disorders (DSM-5) of the American Psychiatric Association
describe the two problems associated with defining abnormality
1. eccentric and unusual behaviour of beliefs are not necessarily
abnormal according to the diagnostic criteria
,2. behaviours that are repugnant and threatening to others (e.g.,
aggression and murder) are not always signs of an underlying
psychological disorder
psychological abnormality
behaviour, speech, or thoughts that impairs the ability of a person to
function in a way that is generally expected of them in the context
where the usual functioning occurs.
mental illness
a term used to convey the same meaning as psychology, but it implies
a medical rather than psychological cause.
psychological disorder
a specific manifestation of mental illness as described by some set of
criteria established by a panel of experts.
psychopathology
,both the scientific study of psychological abnormality and the
problems faced by people who suffer from such disorders.
what are the principles used to define abnormality?
statistical concepts: behaviour is judged abnormally if it occurs
infrequently in the population, however, it's unclear what is
considered normal behaviour.
personal distress: many people who are considered to have a
psychological disorder report being distressed, however, distress is
not present for all people.
personal dysfunction: when behaviour is clearly maladaptive, it is
typically said to be abnormal, however, the definition of dysfunction
is not clearly outlined.
violation of norms: the behaviour and thoughts of many individuals
with mental disorders run counter to what we might consider
appropriate.
diagnosis by an expert: the identification of a psychological disorder
in any specific individual is ultimately left to a professional to judge
(e.g., clinical psychologist).
, psychological dysfunction in various historical periods was thought
to result from what? what did treatment typically involve?
it was thought to result from either possession by demons or the
witchcraft of evil people. treatment typically involved ridding the
mad person of these influences by exorcism or other
magical/spiritual means.
what is "trephination" and why was this conducted?
it refers to a prehistoric form of surgery possibly intended to let out
evil spirits; it involved chipping a hole in a person's skull and was
done with the intention to let out evil spirits that were presumably
causing the victim to engage in severely abnormal behaviour.
what was seen as the cause of madness in early human societies?
demonic possession was popularly accepted in early societies as the
cause of madness.
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS
in addition to the structural brain changes observed in
schizophrenia, ________________ changes are well documented and
are often linked to structural abnormalities such that regions that
have ________________ neural tissues also seem to function
atypically.
functional; reduced
what is the most broadly accepted system for identifying particular
types of disorders?
the current edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of
Mental Disorders (DSM-5) of the American Psychiatric Association
describe the two problems associated with defining abnormality
1. eccentric and unusual behaviour of beliefs are not necessarily
abnormal according to the diagnostic criteria
,2. behaviours that are repugnant and threatening to others (e.g.,
aggression and murder) are not always signs of an underlying
psychological disorder
psychological abnormality
behaviour, speech, or thoughts that impairs the ability of a person to
function in a way that is generally expected of them in the context
where the usual functioning occurs.
mental illness
a term used to convey the same meaning as psychology, but it implies
a medical rather than psychological cause.
psychological disorder
a specific manifestation of mental illness as described by some set of
criteria established by a panel of experts.
psychopathology
,both the scientific study of psychological abnormality and the
problems faced by people who suffer from such disorders.
what are the principles used to define abnormality?
statistical concepts: behaviour is judged abnormally if it occurs
infrequently in the population, however, it's unclear what is
considered normal behaviour.
personal distress: many people who are considered to have a
psychological disorder report being distressed, however, distress is
not present for all people.
personal dysfunction: when behaviour is clearly maladaptive, it is
typically said to be abnormal, however, the definition of dysfunction
is not clearly outlined.
violation of norms: the behaviour and thoughts of many individuals
with mental disorders run counter to what we might consider
appropriate.
diagnosis by an expert: the identification of a psychological disorder
in any specific individual is ultimately left to a professional to judge
(e.g., clinical psychologist).
, psychological dysfunction in various historical periods was thought
to result from what? what did treatment typically involve?
it was thought to result from either possession by demons or the
witchcraft of evil people. treatment typically involved ridding the
mad person of these influences by exorcism or other
magical/spiritual means.
what is "trephination" and why was this conducted?
it refers to a prehistoric form of surgery possibly intended to let out
evil spirits; it involved chipping a hole in a person's skull and was
done with the intention to let out evil spirits that were presumably
causing the victim to engage in severely abnormal behaviour.
what was seen as the cause of madness in early human societies?
demonic possession was popularly accepted in early societies as the
cause of madness.
