PSYCH 290 Unit 1: Chapter one UPDATED ACTUAL Questions
and CORRECT Answers
applied psychology (p. 15) Concerned with everyday, practical problems
Psychology the scientific study of behaviour and mental processes
Theory A hypothesis that has been tested with a significant amount of data
behaviour any overt (observable) response or activity by an organism
behaviourism a theoretical orientation based on the premise that scientific psychology
should study only observable behaviour
biological psychology a branch of psychology that studies the links between biological (including
neuroscience and behaviour genetics) and psychological processes
clinical psychology concerned with the diagnosis and treatment of psychological problems and
disorders.
cognition the mental action or process of acquiring knowledge and understanding
through thought, experience, and the senses.
counselling psychology a branch of psychology that assists people with problems in daily living (often
related to school, work, or marriage) and in achieving greater well-being
critical thinking The use of cognitive skills and strategies that increase the probability of a
desired outcome.
culture the enduring behaviours, ideas, attitudes, values, and traditions shared by a
group of people and transmitted from one generation to the next
developmental psychologist a branch of psychology that studies physical, cognitive, and social change
throughout the life span
empiricism the view that (a) knowledge comes from experience via the senses, and (b)
science flourishes through observation and experiment.
ethnocentrism belief in the superiority of one's own ethnic group
evolutionary psychology examines behavioural processes in terms of their adaptive value for members
of a species over the course of many generations
experimental psychologist a psychologist who studies sensation, perception, learning, motivation, and
emotion in carefully controlled laboratory conditions or experimental setting.
All psychology can conduct experiments, this one refers to the traditional core
topics from its first half-century as a science
, functionalism based on the belief that psychology should investigate the function or purpose
of consciousness, rather than its structure
humanism a theoretical orientation that emphasizes the unique qualities of humans,
especially their freedom and their potential for personal growth
industrial/organizational psychologist applies psychological principles to the workplace to improve productivity and
the quality of work life
Introspection the careful, systemic self-observation of one's own conscious experience
personality psychology interested in describing and understanding individuals' consistency in
behaviour, which represents their personality. Also concerned with factors that
shape personality and personality assessment
positive psychology uses theory and research to better understand the positive, adaptive, creative,
and fulfilling aspects of human existence
psychiatry A branch of medicine concerned with the diagnosis and treatment of
psychological problems and disorders.
psychoanalytic theory A theory developed by Freud that attempts to explain personality, motivation,
and mental disorders by focusing on unconscious determinants of behaviour
psychometrics Concerned with the measurement of behaviour and capacities, usually through
the development of psychological tests. Develops new techniques for
statistical analysis. Designs tests to assess personality, intelligence, and a wide
range of abilities
SQ3R a study method incorporating five steps: Survey, Question, Read, Retrieve,
Review
social psychologist focuses on interpersonal behaviour and the role of social forces in governing
behaviour.
Typical topics include attitude formation, attitude change, prejudice,
conformity, attraction, aggression, intimate relationships, and behaviour in
groups
stimulus any detectable input from the environment
Structuralism (Wundt) early school of thought promoted by Wundt and Titchener;
used introspection to reveal the structure of the human mind.
based on the notion that the task of psychology is to analyze consciousness
into its basic elements and investigate how these elements are related.
Testwiseness The ability to use the characteristics and format of a cognitive test to maximize
one's score.
and CORRECT Answers
applied psychology (p. 15) Concerned with everyday, practical problems
Psychology the scientific study of behaviour and mental processes
Theory A hypothesis that has been tested with a significant amount of data
behaviour any overt (observable) response or activity by an organism
behaviourism a theoretical orientation based on the premise that scientific psychology
should study only observable behaviour
biological psychology a branch of psychology that studies the links between biological (including
neuroscience and behaviour genetics) and psychological processes
clinical psychology concerned with the diagnosis and treatment of psychological problems and
disorders.
cognition the mental action or process of acquiring knowledge and understanding
through thought, experience, and the senses.
counselling psychology a branch of psychology that assists people with problems in daily living (often
related to school, work, or marriage) and in achieving greater well-being
critical thinking The use of cognitive skills and strategies that increase the probability of a
desired outcome.
culture the enduring behaviours, ideas, attitudes, values, and traditions shared by a
group of people and transmitted from one generation to the next
developmental psychologist a branch of psychology that studies physical, cognitive, and social change
throughout the life span
empiricism the view that (a) knowledge comes from experience via the senses, and (b)
science flourishes through observation and experiment.
ethnocentrism belief in the superiority of one's own ethnic group
evolutionary psychology examines behavioural processes in terms of their adaptive value for members
of a species over the course of many generations
experimental psychologist a psychologist who studies sensation, perception, learning, motivation, and
emotion in carefully controlled laboratory conditions or experimental setting.
All psychology can conduct experiments, this one refers to the traditional core
topics from its first half-century as a science
, functionalism based on the belief that psychology should investigate the function or purpose
of consciousness, rather than its structure
humanism a theoretical orientation that emphasizes the unique qualities of humans,
especially their freedom and their potential for personal growth
industrial/organizational psychologist applies psychological principles to the workplace to improve productivity and
the quality of work life
Introspection the careful, systemic self-observation of one's own conscious experience
personality psychology interested in describing and understanding individuals' consistency in
behaviour, which represents their personality. Also concerned with factors that
shape personality and personality assessment
positive psychology uses theory and research to better understand the positive, adaptive, creative,
and fulfilling aspects of human existence
psychiatry A branch of medicine concerned with the diagnosis and treatment of
psychological problems and disorders.
psychoanalytic theory A theory developed by Freud that attempts to explain personality, motivation,
and mental disorders by focusing on unconscious determinants of behaviour
psychometrics Concerned with the measurement of behaviour and capacities, usually through
the development of psychological tests. Develops new techniques for
statistical analysis. Designs tests to assess personality, intelligence, and a wide
range of abilities
SQ3R a study method incorporating five steps: Survey, Question, Read, Retrieve,
Review
social psychologist focuses on interpersonal behaviour and the role of social forces in governing
behaviour.
Typical topics include attitude formation, attitude change, prejudice,
conformity, attraction, aggression, intimate relationships, and behaviour in
groups
stimulus any detectable input from the environment
Structuralism (Wundt) early school of thought promoted by Wundt and Titchener;
used introspection to reveal the structure of the human mind.
based on the notion that the task of psychology is to analyze consciousness
into its basic elements and investigate how these elements are related.
Testwiseness The ability to use the characteristics and format of a cognitive test to maximize
one's score.
