Social Psychology Final Exam UPDATED ACTUAL Questions
and CORRECT Answers
Social Psychology study of how people think about, influences, and relate to one another.
Social Thinking how we perceive ourselves and others, what we believe, judgments we make
and out attitudes (react differently because we think differently)
social relations prejudice, aggression, attraction and intimacy, helping
Social influences culture, pressures to conform, persuasion, groups of people (shape our
behavior) * Locality, educational level, subscribed media, culture, ethnicity.
theory integrated set of principles that explain and predict observed events
impression management process people use to control perceptions about oneself (we play to an
audience)
Experimental Research studies that seek clues to cause- effect relationship by manipulating one or
more factors controlling others
Belief persistence persistence of ones initial conceptions, as when the basis for ones belief is
discredited but an explanation of why the belief might be true survives.
Overconfidence tendency to be more confident that correct- can overestimate the accuracy of
someone's beliefs.
Conformation Bias tendency to search for info that confirms ones preconceptions.
What does Conformation Bias explain? self variation and why our self images are so strong
Attitude favorable or unfavorable evaluation reaction towards something or someone .
students attitude toward cheating bore little reaction to attitude hardly predicted their varying behaviors
the likelihood of their cheating
When do peoples attitudes predict behavior? -social influences on what we say are minimal.
-attitudes are specific to the behavior are ermined
- attitudes are potent
* self awareness, forge strong attitudes through experiences, and peoples
other influences on behavior are minimal
Implicit biases are pervasive, people differ in implicit bias, and people are often
unaware of their implicit bias
explicit people are aware of their biases.
When does behavior affect attitudes? Role playing, Zimbardos standfrod prison study, abu ghraib controversy
, Role playing set of norms that defines how people in a give social position ought to behave
Zimbardos Prison Study turned student into guards and the other half prisoners by a coin toss. It altered
the way the people behaved after role playing. We enact a role that shapes our
attitude. saying becomes believing. The deeper meaning of the role playing is
that we are powerless machines. Behavior is a product of both the individual
person and the situation. The study appeared to have attracted volunteers who
were prone to aggressiveness.
Cognitive Dissonance theory tension that arises when one is simultaneously aware of the two inconsistent
cognitions. For example: it may occur when we realize that we have, with little
justification, acted contrary to our attitudes or made a decision favoring one
alternative despite reasons favoring another.
Self perception theory the theory that when we are unsure of out attitudes, we infer them much as
would someone observing us- by looking at our behavior and the
circumstances under which it occurs.
Self fulfilling beliefs/prophecies a belief that is leads to its own fulfillment
Experimental Bias?
objective reality/values what you believe nto what everyone else does
How our values impact our perception ...
how our values impact our beliefs ...
how our vales impact our behavior ...
foot in the door tendency for people who have first agreed to a small request to comply later
with al larger request
social movements political and social movements may legislate behavior designed to lead to
attitude change on a mass scale
interracial behavior an race attitudes racial behavior helps shape our social consciousness. By doing, not saying
attitudes were changed - legislating mortality .
hindsight bias tendency to exaggerate, after learning the outcome, ones ability to have
foresee how something is turned out. (I knew it all along phenomenon)
spotlight effect belief that others are paying more attention to ones appearance and behavior
than they really are.
illusion of transparency illusion that our concealed emotions leak out and can be easily read by others
self concept what we know and belief about ourselves. it includes the roles we play, social
identifies we form, comparison we make with others, how other people judge
us, and our surrounding culture.
schemas mental templates by which we organize our worlds.
and CORRECT Answers
Social Psychology study of how people think about, influences, and relate to one another.
Social Thinking how we perceive ourselves and others, what we believe, judgments we make
and out attitudes (react differently because we think differently)
social relations prejudice, aggression, attraction and intimacy, helping
Social influences culture, pressures to conform, persuasion, groups of people (shape our
behavior) * Locality, educational level, subscribed media, culture, ethnicity.
theory integrated set of principles that explain and predict observed events
impression management process people use to control perceptions about oneself (we play to an
audience)
Experimental Research studies that seek clues to cause- effect relationship by manipulating one or
more factors controlling others
Belief persistence persistence of ones initial conceptions, as when the basis for ones belief is
discredited but an explanation of why the belief might be true survives.
Overconfidence tendency to be more confident that correct- can overestimate the accuracy of
someone's beliefs.
Conformation Bias tendency to search for info that confirms ones preconceptions.
What does Conformation Bias explain? self variation and why our self images are so strong
Attitude favorable or unfavorable evaluation reaction towards something or someone .
students attitude toward cheating bore little reaction to attitude hardly predicted their varying behaviors
the likelihood of their cheating
When do peoples attitudes predict behavior? -social influences on what we say are minimal.
-attitudes are specific to the behavior are ermined
- attitudes are potent
* self awareness, forge strong attitudes through experiences, and peoples
other influences on behavior are minimal
Implicit biases are pervasive, people differ in implicit bias, and people are often
unaware of their implicit bias
explicit people are aware of their biases.
When does behavior affect attitudes? Role playing, Zimbardos standfrod prison study, abu ghraib controversy
, Role playing set of norms that defines how people in a give social position ought to behave
Zimbardos Prison Study turned student into guards and the other half prisoners by a coin toss. It altered
the way the people behaved after role playing. We enact a role that shapes our
attitude. saying becomes believing. The deeper meaning of the role playing is
that we are powerless machines. Behavior is a product of both the individual
person and the situation. The study appeared to have attracted volunteers who
were prone to aggressiveness.
Cognitive Dissonance theory tension that arises when one is simultaneously aware of the two inconsistent
cognitions. For example: it may occur when we realize that we have, with little
justification, acted contrary to our attitudes or made a decision favoring one
alternative despite reasons favoring another.
Self perception theory the theory that when we are unsure of out attitudes, we infer them much as
would someone observing us- by looking at our behavior and the
circumstances under which it occurs.
Self fulfilling beliefs/prophecies a belief that is leads to its own fulfillment
Experimental Bias?
objective reality/values what you believe nto what everyone else does
How our values impact our perception ...
how our values impact our beliefs ...
how our vales impact our behavior ...
foot in the door tendency for people who have first agreed to a small request to comply later
with al larger request
social movements political and social movements may legislate behavior designed to lead to
attitude change on a mass scale
interracial behavior an race attitudes racial behavior helps shape our social consciousness. By doing, not saying
attitudes were changed - legislating mortality .
hindsight bias tendency to exaggerate, after learning the outcome, ones ability to have
foresee how something is turned out. (I knew it all along phenomenon)
spotlight effect belief that others are paying more attention to ones appearance and behavior
than they really are.
illusion of transparency illusion that our concealed emotions leak out and can be easily read by others
self concept what we know and belief about ourselves. it includes the roles we play, social
identifies we form, comparison we make with others, how other people judge
us, and our surrounding culture.
schemas mental templates by which we organize our worlds.
