ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY- UTMB |\ |\ |\
5355 EXAM #1 with verified answers
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Transcription - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔synthesis of RNA
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
from DNA |\
Transcription results in - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔mRNA
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
RNA polymerase makes - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔mRNA
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
mRNA - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔makes proteins
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
RNA polymerase - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔binds to DNA
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Transcription factors (TFs) - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔A
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
regulatory protein that binds to DNA and affects
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
transcription of specific genes. Can wither activate or
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
repress expression of genes
|\ |\ |\
Termination of transcription - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔RNA
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
polymerase reaches a terminator sequence (Stop codon)
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
and detaches from the template
|\ |\ |\ |\
,Translation - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Process by which
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
mRNA is decoded and a protein is produced. Protein
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
assembly
Translation takes place in the - CORRECT ANSWERS
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
✔✔cytoplasm
Codon - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔A specific sequence of
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
three bases on a strand of DNA or RNA that provides
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
genetic code information for a amino acid
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Amino acids are - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔building blocks
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
of proteins
|\
tRNA - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔An RNA molecule that
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
functions as an interpreter between nucleic acid and
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
protein language by picking up specific amino acids and
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
recognizing the appropriate codons in the mRNA
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Codons allow - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔for DNA and RNA
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
to communicate
|\
Gene Regulation - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔the process of
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
turning genes on and off
|\ |\ |\ |\
,Gene Regulation occurs - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔during
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
transcription
Transcription factors (TFs) determine - CORRECT |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
ANSWERS ✔✔amount of protein product made |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Nucleotide - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔DNA subunit; 1 DNA,|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
1 phosphate, 1 nitrogenous base
|\ |\ |\ |\
Mutation - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔permanent change in a
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
DNA /RNA sequence that affects genetic information
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
germline mutation - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔happens in
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
germ cells, inheritable, in all cells
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
somatic mutation - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔A mutation
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
that occurs in the body cells from spontaneous
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
development. Cannot be inherited. Acquired |\ |\ |\ |\
causes of mutations - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔• Incorrect
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
copying of the DNA sequence/ |\ |\ |\ |\
Environmental
•Exposure |\
, •Spontaneous
silent mutation - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔alters a base but
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
does not change the amino acid
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
DNA is - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔master blueprint for
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
human being |\
Gene - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔the basic unit of
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
inheritance
DNA makes - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔proteins
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Chromosomes - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔threadlike |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
structures made of DNA molecules that contain the genes
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
23 pairs of - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔chromosomes
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Allele - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔variant of a gene
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
A cell holds how many alleles of each gene? - CORRECT
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
ANSWERS ✔✔2, one from mom and one from dad|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
5355 EXAM #1 with verified answers
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Transcription - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔synthesis of RNA
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
from DNA |\
Transcription results in - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔mRNA
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
RNA polymerase makes - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔mRNA
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
mRNA - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔makes proteins
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
RNA polymerase - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔binds to DNA
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Transcription factors (TFs) - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔A
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
regulatory protein that binds to DNA and affects
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
transcription of specific genes. Can wither activate or
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
repress expression of genes
|\ |\ |\
Termination of transcription - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔RNA
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
polymerase reaches a terminator sequence (Stop codon)
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
and detaches from the template
|\ |\ |\ |\
,Translation - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Process by which
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
mRNA is decoded and a protein is produced. Protein
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
assembly
Translation takes place in the - CORRECT ANSWERS
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
✔✔cytoplasm
Codon - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔A specific sequence of
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
three bases on a strand of DNA or RNA that provides
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
genetic code information for a amino acid
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Amino acids are - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔building blocks
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
of proteins
|\
tRNA - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔An RNA molecule that
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
functions as an interpreter between nucleic acid and
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
protein language by picking up specific amino acids and
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
recognizing the appropriate codons in the mRNA
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Codons allow - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔for DNA and RNA
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
to communicate
|\
Gene Regulation - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔the process of
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
turning genes on and off
|\ |\ |\ |\
,Gene Regulation occurs - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔during
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
transcription
Transcription factors (TFs) determine - CORRECT |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
ANSWERS ✔✔amount of protein product made |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Nucleotide - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔DNA subunit; 1 DNA,|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
1 phosphate, 1 nitrogenous base
|\ |\ |\ |\
Mutation - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔permanent change in a
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
DNA /RNA sequence that affects genetic information
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
germline mutation - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔happens in
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
germ cells, inheritable, in all cells
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
somatic mutation - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔A mutation
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
that occurs in the body cells from spontaneous
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
development. Cannot be inherited. Acquired |\ |\ |\ |\
causes of mutations - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔• Incorrect
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
copying of the DNA sequence/ |\ |\ |\ |\
Environmental
•Exposure |\
, •Spontaneous
silent mutation - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔alters a base but
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
does not change the amino acid
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
DNA is - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔master blueprint for
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
human being |\
Gene - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔the basic unit of
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
inheritance
DNA makes - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔proteins
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Chromosomes - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔threadlike |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
structures made of DNA molecules that contain the genes
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
23 pairs of - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔chromosomes
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Allele - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔variant of a gene
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
A cell holds how many alleles of each gene? - CORRECT
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
ANSWERS ✔✔2, one from mom and one from dad|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
