Water, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance in
Human Physiology UPDATED ACTUAL
Questions and CORRECT Answers
What is homeostasis? The body's ability to maintain stable internal
conditions, including water, electrolytes, and
acid-base balance.
What role does water play in the Water helps transport nutrients and wastes,
body? controls temperature, and maintains blood
volume.
Which electrolytes are important Sodium (Na⁺), potassium (K⁺), and calcium (Ca²⁺).
for nerve impulses and muscle
function?
What are the two main Intracellular fluid (ICF) and extracellular fluid
compartments of body fluids? (ECF).
What is the primary composition of High concentrations of potassium (K⁺),
intracellular fluid? magnesium (Mg²⁺), phosphate (PO₄r⁻), and
proteins.
What is the primary composition of Rich in sodium (Na⁺), chloride (Cl⁻), and
extracellular fluid? bicarbonate (HCO₃⁻).
How does water move between Through osmosis and hydrostatic pressure.
fluid compartments?
, What is osmosis? The movement of water across a membrane from
an area of low solute concentration to an area of
high solute concentration.
What happens to cells during Water moves out of the cells, causing them to
dehydration? shrink.
What triggers thirst in the body? Increased blood concentration or decreased
blood volume.
What are the main routes of water Drinking fluids, food, and metabolic water.
intake?
What are the main routes of water Urine, sweat, feces, and insensible loss.
output?
How does ADH (antidiuretic ADH increases water reabsorption in the kidneys,
hormone) affect water balance? reducing urine output.
What is the function of the thirst To regulate water intake based on blood
center in the hypothalamus? concentration and volume.
What happens when ADH levels The body retains water, and urine becomes
increase? concentrated.
Human Physiology UPDATED ACTUAL
Questions and CORRECT Answers
What is homeostasis? The body's ability to maintain stable internal
conditions, including water, electrolytes, and
acid-base balance.
What role does water play in the Water helps transport nutrients and wastes,
body? controls temperature, and maintains blood
volume.
Which electrolytes are important Sodium (Na⁺), potassium (K⁺), and calcium (Ca²⁺).
for nerve impulses and muscle
function?
What are the two main Intracellular fluid (ICF) and extracellular fluid
compartments of body fluids? (ECF).
What is the primary composition of High concentrations of potassium (K⁺),
intracellular fluid? magnesium (Mg²⁺), phosphate (PO₄r⁻), and
proteins.
What is the primary composition of Rich in sodium (Na⁺), chloride (Cl⁻), and
extracellular fluid? bicarbonate (HCO₃⁻).
How does water move between Through osmosis and hydrostatic pressure.
fluid compartments?
, What is osmosis? The movement of water across a membrane from
an area of low solute concentration to an area of
high solute concentration.
What happens to cells during Water moves out of the cells, causing them to
dehydration? shrink.
What triggers thirst in the body? Increased blood concentration or decreased
blood volume.
What are the main routes of water Drinking fluids, food, and metabolic water.
intake?
What are the main routes of water Urine, sweat, feces, and insensible loss.
output?
How does ADH (antidiuretic ADH increases water reabsorption in the kidneys,
hormone) affect water balance? reducing urine output.
What is the function of the thirst To regulate water intake based on blood
center in the hypothalamus? concentration and volume.
What happens when ADH levels The body retains water, and urine becomes
increase? concentrated.
