Biology 1. Cellular Respiration
2. Aerobic and anaerobic respiration
3. Respiration in living organisms
4. Human respiratory system
Cellular respiration
WHAT IS IT? PURPOSE OF CELLULAR RESPIRATION
Is a metabolic pathway that uses glucose to produce
To convert chemical energy stored in nutrients to
adenosine triphosphate (ATP) an organic compound the body
generate energy the cells can use to support many other
can use for energy. In ideal conditions, one molecule of
reactions in the body.
glucose can produce a net of up to 38 ATP. However, the
The main energy currency in cells is ATP. This molecule is
net yield is typically 30-32 ATP after the whole process
particularly important for energetically unfavorable
of cellular respiration
reactions that would otherwise not occur without an
energy input, .
In other words:
Cellular respiration is the process by
which cells convert glucose and Meaning that cellular respiration is how cells Cells need energy to perform functions like:
oxygen into energy ATP break down glucose using oxygen to release
Movement
energy
Growth
Repair
Maintaining body functions
, MAIN STEPS OF CELLULAR RESPIRATION
1. Glycolysis
2. Citric acid cycle - Krebs Cycle
3. Electron transport chain
Krebs Cycle (Citric Acid Cycle):
Glycolysis:
Happens in the mitochondria
Occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell.
The pyruvate molecules are further broken
The glucose molecule is split into two
down and releases carbon dioxide
smaller molecules to start releasing
during this process:
energy.
carbon dioxide is released
Produces:
energy carriers are produced
2 ATP ( small amount of energy)
Product:
2 pyruvate molecules
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Does not requiere oxygen = glycolysis
Energy carriers
happens both aerobic and anaerobic
Small amount of ATP
respiration.
Requieres oxygen indirectly
Electron Transport Chain (ETC)
Happens in the inner membrane of the mitochondria. This
step produces most of the energy that the cell needs
Energy carriers from the previous steps transfer
electrons through a chain of proteins
this process:
uses oxygen
produces a large amount of ATP
Products:
most of the ATP
water
Oxygen is the final electron acceptor
THE PRODUCT
At the end of this process, three main products
are formed:
1. ATP (energy): ATP is the energy molecule of
the cell
2. Carbon dioxide (CO2): is a waste product of
cellular respiration. The body removes it when
we exhale
3. water (H2O): water is also produced during
cellular respiration. This happens in the final
stage of the process
https://www.monash.edu/student-academic-success/biology/cellular-respiration/the-process-of-aerobic-respiration
2. Aerobic and anaerobic respiration
3. Respiration in living organisms
4. Human respiratory system
Cellular respiration
WHAT IS IT? PURPOSE OF CELLULAR RESPIRATION
Is a metabolic pathway that uses glucose to produce
To convert chemical energy stored in nutrients to
adenosine triphosphate (ATP) an organic compound the body
generate energy the cells can use to support many other
can use for energy. In ideal conditions, one molecule of
reactions in the body.
glucose can produce a net of up to 38 ATP. However, the
The main energy currency in cells is ATP. This molecule is
net yield is typically 30-32 ATP after the whole process
particularly important for energetically unfavorable
of cellular respiration
reactions that would otherwise not occur without an
energy input, .
In other words:
Cellular respiration is the process by
which cells convert glucose and Meaning that cellular respiration is how cells Cells need energy to perform functions like:
oxygen into energy ATP break down glucose using oxygen to release
Movement
energy
Growth
Repair
Maintaining body functions
, MAIN STEPS OF CELLULAR RESPIRATION
1. Glycolysis
2. Citric acid cycle - Krebs Cycle
3. Electron transport chain
Krebs Cycle (Citric Acid Cycle):
Glycolysis:
Happens in the mitochondria
Occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell.
The pyruvate molecules are further broken
The glucose molecule is split into two
down and releases carbon dioxide
smaller molecules to start releasing
during this process:
energy.
carbon dioxide is released
Produces:
energy carriers are produced
2 ATP ( small amount of energy)
Product:
2 pyruvate molecules
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Does not requiere oxygen = glycolysis
Energy carriers
happens both aerobic and anaerobic
Small amount of ATP
respiration.
Requieres oxygen indirectly
Electron Transport Chain (ETC)
Happens in the inner membrane of the mitochondria. This
step produces most of the energy that the cell needs
Energy carriers from the previous steps transfer
electrons through a chain of proteins
this process:
uses oxygen
produces a large amount of ATP
Products:
most of the ATP
water
Oxygen is the final electron acceptor
THE PRODUCT
At the end of this process, three main products
are formed:
1. ATP (energy): ATP is the energy molecule of
the cell
2. Carbon dioxide (CO2): is a waste product of
cellular respiration. The body removes it when
we exhale
3. water (H2O): water is also produced during
cellular respiration. This happens in the final
stage of the process
https://www.monash.edu/student-academic-success/biology/cellular-respiration/the-process-of-aerobic-respiration
