PGY 300 RESPIRATORY EXAM SCRIPT
FINAL PAPER QUESTIONS ANSWERS
COMPREHENSIVE STUDY RESOURCE
●● Which property promotes efficient gas exchange between the alveoli
and blood capillaries in lungs?
Answer: Low pulmonary blood pressure
●● The law states 'Pressure is inversely proportional to gas volume'?
Answer: Boyle's Law
●● Patient has increased number of lymphocytes, specifically Helper-T
cells and B-cells, and normal levels of neutrophils. Which is the most
likely cause of these test results?
Answer: A viral infection
●● B-lymphocytes must present an antigen on it's surface for what to
occur?
Answer: A Helper T-cell to release chemical signals (cytokines) and
direct the immune response
●● A healthy individual expiration at rest does not require ______ of
any _____?
,Answer: contraction; muscle group
●● The person with the greatest alveolar ventilation
Answer: Breathing 15 times per minute, a tidal volume of 500 mL, and a
dead space of 150 mL
●● What is ventilation?
Answer: movement of air in and out of the lungs, the first step in gas
exchange
●● What initiates control of ventilation?
Answer: Brain sends neural signals through phrenic nerves telling
diaphragm to contract (flatten and move downward). Increases chest
cavity volume and is primary action for inhalation
●● What regulates ventilation?
Answer: Deep inspiration, initiated by chemoreceptor reflexes from the
pons or cerebrum which signals neurons in the medulla
●● What is a eupneic state?
Answer: Breathing occurring without a conscious initiation of
inspiration and expiration (during sleep)
●● What regulates airflow in the trachea?
, Answer: Smooth muscles from bronchoconstriction and bronchodilation
●● What is gas exchange?
Answer: process by which oxygen and carbon dioxide is transported to
cells from lungs and blood carries gasses to tissues
●● How is oxygen carried in the blood?
Answer: Reversibility binding to hemoglobin
●● Why are some sections of bronchi considered non-respiratory?
Answer: They're not connected with an alveolus and don't directly
perform gas exchange
●● What best describes vital capacity of the lung?
Answer: Maximum amount of gas expired after a maximum inspiration
●● What accident or injury most likely explains the following condition:
Pleural pressure is more positive than normal and chest wall is more
expanded than normal
Answer: A knife wound or puncture into the lung originating outside of
plural cavity
●● In emphysema, increased compliance and decreased elastance are the
result of?
FINAL PAPER QUESTIONS ANSWERS
COMPREHENSIVE STUDY RESOURCE
●● Which property promotes efficient gas exchange between the alveoli
and blood capillaries in lungs?
Answer: Low pulmonary blood pressure
●● The law states 'Pressure is inversely proportional to gas volume'?
Answer: Boyle's Law
●● Patient has increased number of lymphocytes, specifically Helper-T
cells and B-cells, and normal levels of neutrophils. Which is the most
likely cause of these test results?
Answer: A viral infection
●● B-lymphocytes must present an antigen on it's surface for what to
occur?
Answer: A Helper T-cell to release chemical signals (cytokines) and
direct the immune response
●● A healthy individual expiration at rest does not require ______ of
any _____?
,Answer: contraction; muscle group
●● The person with the greatest alveolar ventilation
Answer: Breathing 15 times per minute, a tidal volume of 500 mL, and a
dead space of 150 mL
●● What is ventilation?
Answer: movement of air in and out of the lungs, the first step in gas
exchange
●● What initiates control of ventilation?
Answer: Brain sends neural signals through phrenic nerves telling
diaphragm to contract (flatten and move downward). Increases chest
cavity volume and is primary action for inhalation
●● What regulates ventilation?
Answer: Deep inspiration, initiated by chemoreceptor reflexes from the
pons or cerebrum which signals neurons in the medulla
●● What is a eupneic state?
Answer: Breathing occurring without a conscious initiation of
inspiration and expiration (during sleep)
●● What regulates airflow in the trachea?
, Answer: Smooth muscles from bronchoconstriction and bronchodilation
●● What is gas exchange?
Answer: process by which oxygen and carbon dioxide is transported to
cells from lungs and blood carries gasses to tissues
●● How is oxygen carried in the blood?
Answer: Reversibility binding to hemoglobin
●● Why are some sections of bronchi considered non-respiratory?
Answer: They're not connected with an alveolus and don't directly
perform gas exchange
●● What best describes vital capacity of the lung?
Answer: Maximum amount of gas expired after a maximum inspiration
●● What accident or injury most likely explains the following condition:
Pleural pressure is more positive than normal and chest wall is more
expanded than normal
Answer: A knife wound or puncture into the lung originating outside of
plural cavity
●● In emphysema, increased compliance and decreased elastance are the
result of?
