PGY 300 UB ACTUAL TEST PAPER
QUESTIONS SOLUTIONS FULL REVIEW
HIGH SCORE RESOURCE
●● Whys is the pharynx important?
Answer: Makes sure food particles do not enter the airways
●● Pharynx and Esophagus
Answer: Do not actually aid in digestion but help the food travel from
the oral cavity to the stomach
●● Chyme
Answer: Partially digested, semiliquid food mixed with digestive
enzymes and acids in the stomach.
●● parts of the small intestine
Answer: duodenum, jejunum, ileum
●● duodenum and jejunum
Answer: Make up 1/4 of the small intestine.
Where most of the final digestion and absorption take place
,●● parts of the large intestine
Answer: cecum, colon, rectum
●● Cecum
Answer: first part of the large intestine
has on one end, a connection to the appendix
●● Pathway of undigested materials after the cecum
Answer: Ascending colon → Transverse colon → descending colon →
sigmoid colon
●● In the large intestine, material that could not be digested or absorbed
Answer: Temporarily stored and concentrated into semisolid feces
through absorption of remaining fluids and salts
●● defecation
Answer: elimination of feces from the rectum, out the anus - through a
series of contractions
●● Types of muscles that facilitate movement and mixture of digestive
substances
,Answer: Smooth and skeletal
●● Skeletal muscles in the GI tract
Answer: Muscles in the Oral Cavity, the pharynx and first 2/3 of the
Esophagus
These are under voluntary control
●● Smooth and Skeletal Muscle in the GI tract
Answer: Defecation is controlled by a complex series of interactions
between both smooth and skeletal muscles in the anus
●● The gut
Answer: Region from the stomach to the rectum
●● Length of the gut
Answer: Folded: 15 ft
Stretched: 26 ft
●● Sphincters
Answer: Ringlike muscles that are usually kept contracted to close off
segments in the GI tract.
, ●● Important sphincters
Answer: Upper Esophageal Sphincter (closes off esophagus from the
pharynx)
Lower Esophageal Sphincter (closes off esophagus from the stomach
Pylorus/Pyloric Valve (stomach and small intestine)
Ileocecal Valve(small intestine from the large intestine)
Internal Anal Sphincter
External Anal Sphincter
●● Sphincters with Skeletal Muscle
Answer: Upper Esophageal Sphincter
External Anal Sphincter
[Voluntary Control]
●● Sphincters with Smooth Muscle
QUESTIONS SOLUTIONS FULL REVIEW
HIGH SCORE RESOURCE
●● Whys is the pharynx important?
Answer: Makes sure food particles do not enter the airways
●● Pharynx and Esophagus
Answer: Do not actually aid in digestion but help the food travel from
the oral cavity to the stomach
●● Chyme
Answer: Partially digested, semiliquid food mixed with digestive
enzymes and acids in the stomach.
●● parts of the small intestine
Answer: duodenum, jejunum, ileum
●● duodenum and jejunum
Answer: Make up 1/4 of the small intestine.
Where most of the final digestion and absorption take place
,●● parts of the large intestine
Answer: cecum, colon, rectum
●● Cecum
Answer: first part of the large intestine
has on one end, a connection to the appendix
●● Pathway of undigested materials after the cecum
Answer: Ascending colon → Transverse colon → descending colon →
sigmoid colon
●● In the large intestine, material that could not be digested or absorbed
Answer: Temporarily stored and concentrated into semisolid feces
through absorption of remaining fluids and salts
●● defecation
Answer: elimination of feces from the rectum, out the anus - through a
series of contractions
●● Types of muscles that facilitate movement and mixture of digestive
substances
,Answer: Smooth and skeletal
●● Skeletal muscles in the GI tract
Answer: Muscles in the Oral Cavity, the pharynx and first 2/3 of the
Esophagus
These are under voluntary control
●● Smooth and Skeletal Muscle in the GI tract
Answer: Defecation is controlled by a complex series of interactions
between both smooth and skeletal muscles in the anus
●● The gut
Answer: Region from the stomach to the rectum
●● Length of the gut
Answer: Folded: 15 ft
Stretched: 26 ft
●● Sphincters
Answer: Ringlike muscles that are usually kept contracted to close off
segments in the GI tract.
, ●● Important sphincters
Answer: Upper Esophageal Sphincter (closes off esophagus from the
pharynx)
Lower Esophageal Sphincter (closes off esophagus from the stomach
Pylorus/Pyloric Valve (stomach and small intestine)
Ileocecal Valve(small intestine from the large intestine)
Internal Anal Sphincter
External Anal Sphincter
●● Sphincters with Skeletal Muscle
Answer: Upper Esophageal Sphincter
External Anal Sphincter
[Voluntary Control]
●● Sphincters with Smooth Muscle
