Community HESI Study Guide Exam
Questions With Correct Answers
Scopolamine (Transderm-V) - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Medication used to control
| | | | | | | |
motion sickness. Must be taken prior to the onset of nausea and vomiting. Most
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
effective if taken 12 hours before expected travel or activity. Skin patch is applied
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
behind the ear. | |
Indirect transmission - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Involves the spread of infection
| | | | | | | | |
through an intermediate source, such as vehicles, fomites, or vectors. Example:
| | | | | | | | | | |
contracting malaria following exposure in a mosquito-infested area.
| | | | | | |
Direct transmission - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-The spread of an infection through
| | | | | | | | | |
person-to-person contact and is characterized by portals of exit and entry. | | | | | | | | | |
Windshield survey - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Making systematic observations from
| | | | | | | |
a moving vehicle. The nurse drives through neighborhoods viewing homes,
| | | | | | | | | |
stores, churches, air quality, etc. which gives the nurse the best initial overview of
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
the residents and a sense of their community. Gives nurse impression of the type
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
of housing, the approximate age of the housing, and the condition of the housing
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
and yards.
| |
Secondary Prevention - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Health screenings are a mainstay
| | | | | | | | |
of this type of prevention which focuses on health promotion. Screenings aid in
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
early detection/diagnosis and treatment of disease. Implementing interventions
| | | | | | | |
,aimed at a cure or reducing the progress of a disease. Focuses on reducing the
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
intensity and duration of a crisis. Example: PAP Smear
| | | | | | | |
Primary prevention - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Health-promoting activities
| | | | | |
(immunizations, wearing protective devices to prevent injury, education about
| | | | | | | | |
health promotion activities) designed to reduce the potential for illness before it
| | | | | | | | | | | |
occurs, such as immunizations. Keeping the crisis from occurring. Examples: Use
| | | | | | | | | | |
of barrier contraceptives, vaccinations.
| | |
Tertiary prevention - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Includes interventions aimed at
| | | | | | | |
disability limitation and rehabilitation from disease, injury, or disability. Minimizes
| | | | | | | | |
|the consequences of a disorder or illness once it has developed through
| | | | | | | | | | | |
aggressive management or rehabilitation. Also applies to disaster relief efforts
| | | | | | | | | |
involving the reduction of the amount and degree of disability, injury, and
| | | | | | | | | | | |
damage after a crisis. | | |
Home health visits - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Scheduled during daylight hours to
| | | | | | | | | |
ensure safety of the client and the nurse, identification name tag are required to
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
be worn during client care, visits can be made with another home care provider.
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Health conditions related to the growth of industrial workforce - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-Asthma and lung cancer are triggered or worsened by airborne | | | | | | | | | |
substances, such as tobacco smoke, ozone, and other particles and/or chemicals.
| | | | | | | | | |
Goals - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Intended to be expressed in specific outcomes
| | | | | | | | | |
that provide direction toward interventions and determine change in measurable
| | | | | | | | | |
terms.
,Outcome statements - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Include past or present events with
| | | | | | | | |
specific quantitative expectations with a time frame. Example: Within 2 years,
| | | | | | | | | | | |
students with a body mass index greater than 95% will be reduced by 50%.
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Lillian Wald - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Known for her work in public health. She
| | | | | | | | | | | |
developed the first nursing service for occupational health, established The
| | | | | | | | | |
Associated Alumnae of Training Schools for Nurses-later developed into the ANA
| | | | | | | | | | |
and the NLN, and instituted a sliding scale fee for service.
| | | | | | | | | |
Low-birth weight infants - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-The incidence is twice as high
| | | | | | | | | | |
for African-American births than Caucasian births. This is an example of a non-
| | | | | | | | | | | |
modifiable risk factor of ethnicity. | | | |
Modifiable risk factors - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Examples are cigarette smoking,
| | | | | | | | |
poor nutritional status, and limited education.
| | | | |
Data useful in developing community healthcare plans - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
| | | | | | | | |
Census data, risk management, budgeting process information, client satisfaction
| | | | | | | | |
surveys, and data about changes in the community's demographics.
| | | | | | | |
Health People 20/20 - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Leading health indicators: reduced
| | | | | | | | |
cigarette smoking, exercising for 30 minutes a day, access to health services,
| | | | | | | | | | | |
improving social determinants (graduating high school).
| | | | |
Risk factors for cardiovascular disease - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Include
| | | | | | | |
nonmodifiable variables, such as gender, family history, and race, and modifiable
| | | | | | | | | | |
variables, such as underlying diseases as hypertension, diabetes mellitus,
| | | | | | | | |
hyperlipidemia, and obesity, smoking, sedentary lifestyle, and stress. | | | | | | |
, Lifestyle changes to manage hypertension - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-In order of
| | | | | | | | | |
effectiveness: Weight loss, DASH diet, salt restriction, and avoiding alcohol.
| | | | | | | | |
Physical characteristics of aging that contributes to developing decubitus ulcers -
| | | | | | | | | | |
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Thinning of the skin with loss of elasticity.
| | | | | | | |
Transtheoretical Model - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Assesses an individual's
| | | | | | |
readiness to act on a new healthier behavior, and provides stategies, or processes
| | | | | | | | | | | |
of change to guide the individual through the stages of change: Pre-
| | | | | | | | | | | |
contemplation, Contemplation, Preparation, | |
Action, Maintenance, and Termination.
| | |
Pre-contemplation - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Not yet acknowledging there is a
| | | | | | | | |
problem.
Contemplation - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Acknowledgment that there is a problem,
| | | | | | | |
but not ready to change.
| | | | |
Preparation - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Getting ready to make the change.
| | | | | | | |
Action - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Making the change.
| | | | |
Maintenance/Relapse - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Maintaining the changed lifestyle | | | | | | |
or reverting back to previous lifestyle.
| | | | |
Questions With Correct Answers
Scopolamine (Transderm-V) - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Medication used to control
| | | | | | | |
motion sickness. Must be taken prior to the onset of nausea and vomiting. Most
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
effective if taken 12 hours before expected travel or activity. Skin patch is applied
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
behind the ear. | |
Indirect transmission - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Involves the spread of infection
| | | | | | | | |
through an intermediate source, such as vehicles, fomites, or vectors. Example:
| | | | | | | | | | |
contracting malaria following exposure in a mosquito-infested area.
| | | | | | |
Direct transmission - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-The spread of an infection through
| | | | | | | | | |
person-to-person contact and is characterized by portals of exit and entry. | | | | | | | | | |
Windshield survey - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Making systematic observations from
| | | | | | | |
a moving vehicle. The nurse drives through neighborhoods viewing homes,
| | | | | | | | | |
stores, churches, air quality, etc. which gives the nurse the best initial overview of
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
the residents and a sense of their community. Gives nurse impression of the type
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
of housing, the approximate age of the housing, and the condition of the housing
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
and yards.
| |
Secondary Prevention - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Health screenings are a mainstay
| | | | | | | | |
of this type of prevention which focuses on health promotion. Screenings aid in
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
early detection/diagnosis and treatment of disease. Implementing interventions
| | | | | | | |
,aimed at a cure or reducing the progress of a disease. Focuses on reducing the
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
intensity and duration of a crisis. Example: PAP Smear
| | | | | | | |
Primary prevention - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Health-promoting activities
| | | | | |
(immunizations, wearing protective devices to prevent injury, education about
| | | | | | | | |
health promotion activities) designed to reduce the potential for illness before it
| | | | | | | | | | | |
occurs, such as immunizations. Keeping the crisis from occurring. Examples: Use
| | | | | | | | | | |
of barrier contraceptives, vaccinations.
| | |
Tertiary prevention - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Includes interventions aimed at
| | | | | | | |
disability limitation and rehabilitation from disease, injury, or disability. Minimizes
| | | | | | | | |
|the consequences of a disorder or illness once it has developed through
| | | | | | | | | | | |
aggressive management or rehabilitation. Also applies to disaster relief efforts
| | | | | | | | | |
involving the reduction of the amount and degree of disability, injury, and
| | | | | | | | | | | |
damage after a crisis. | | |
Home health visits - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Scheduled during daylight hours to
| | | | | | | | | |
ensure safety of the client and the nurse, identification name tag are required to
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
be worn during client care, visits can be made with another home care provider.
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Health conditions related to the growth of industrial workforce - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-Asthma and lung cancer are triggered or worsened by airborne | | | | | | | | | |
substances, such as tobacco smoke, ozone, and other particles and/or chemicals.
| | | | | | | | | |
Goals - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Intended to be expressed in specific outcomes
| | | | | | | | | |
that provide direction toward interventions and determine change in measurable
| | | | | | | | | |
terms.
,Outcome statements - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Include past or present events with
| | | | | | | | |
specific quantitative expectations with a time frame. Example: Within 2 years,
| | | | | | | | | | | |
students with a body mass index greater than 95% will be reduced by 50%.
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Lillian Wald - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Known for her work in public health. She
| | | | | | | | | | | |
developed the first nursing service for occupational health, established The
| | | | | | | | | |
Associated Alumnae of Training Schools for Nurses-later developed into the ANA
| | | | | | | | | | |
and the NLN, and instituted a sliding scale fee for service.
| | | | | | | | | |
Low-birth weight infants - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-The incidence is twice as high
| | | | | | | | | | |
for African-American births than Caucasian births. This is an example of a non-
| | | | | | | | | | | |
modifiable risk factor of ethnicity. | | | |
Modifiable risk factors - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Examples are cigarette smoking,
| | | | | | | | |
poor nutritional status, and limited education.
| | | | |
Data useful in developing community healthcare plans - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
| | | | | | | | |
Census data, risk management, budgeting process information, client satisfaction
| | | | | | | | |
surveys, and data about changes in the community's demographics.
| | | | | | | |
Health People 20/20 - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Leading health indicators: reduced
| | | | | | | | |
cigarette smoking, exercising for 30 minutes a day, access to health services,
| | | | | | | | | | | |
improving social determinants (graduating high school).
| | | | |
Risk factors for cardiovascular disease - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Include
| | | | | | | |
nonmodifiable variables, such as gender, family history, and race, and modifiable
| | | | | | | | | | |
variables, such as underlying diseases as hypertension, diabetes mellitus,
| | | | | | | | |
hyperlipidemia, and obesity, smoking, sedentary lifestyle, and stress. | | | | | | |
, Lifestyle changes to manage hypertension - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-In order of
| | | | | | | | | |
effectiveness: Weight loss, DASH diet, salt restriction, and avoiding alcohol.
| | | | | | | | |
Physical characteristics of aging that contributes to developing decubitus ulcers -
| | | | | | | | | | |
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Thinning of the skin with loss of elasticity.
| | | | | | | |
Transtheoretical Model - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Assesses an individual's
| | | | | | |
readiness to act on a new healthier behavior, and provides stategies, or processes
| | | | | | | | | | | |
of change to guide the individual through the stages of change: Pre-
| | | | | | | | | | | |
contemplation, Contemplation, Preparation, | |
Action, Maintenance, and Termination.
| | |
Pre-contemplation - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Not yet acknowledging there is a
| | | | | | | | |
problem.
Contemplation - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Acknowledgment that there is a problem,
| | | | | | | |
but not ready to change.
| | | | |
Preparation - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Getting ready to make the change.
| | | | | | | |
Action - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Making the change.
| | | | |
Maintenance/Relapse - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Maintaining the changed lifestyle | | | | | | |
or reverting back to previous lifestyle.
| | | | |
