PHILOSOPHIES AND THEORIES FOR
ADVANCED NURSING PRACTICE
COMPREHENSIVE TEST PAPER 2026
QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
⩥ used for fields of study in which the central focus is performance of a
professional role (nursing, teaching, etc). Answer: practice discipline
⩥ a group of related ideas, statements, or concepts. Answer: conceptual
framework
⩥ those that articulate a broad range of the significant relationships
among the concepts of a discipline. Answer: grand theories
⩥ refers to a pattern of shared understandings and assumptions about
reality and the world. they include our notions of reality that are largely
unconscious or taken for granted. Answer: paradigm
⩥ client, environment, health, nursing. Answer: metaparadigm for
nursing
⩥ focus on the exploration of concepts such as pain, self-esteem,
learning, and hardiness. Answer: midlevel theory
,⩥ a belief system, often an early effort to define nursing phenomena,
and serves as the basis for later theoretical formulations. Answer:
philosophy
⩥ Nightingale, Henderson, and Watson. Answer: nursing philosophies
⩥ Neuman, Orem, Rogers, Roy, and King. Answer: nursing models
⩥ Peplau, Leininger, and Parse. Answer: nursing theories
⩥ links health w/ 5 environmental factors: pure or fresh air, pure water,
efficient drainage, cleanliness, and light, especially sunlight. Answer:
Nightingale's environmental theory
⩥ existence of a therapeutic relationship betw the nurse and the client. 4
phases: orientation, identification, exploitation, and resolution. Answer:
PEPLAU'S INTERPERSONAL RELATIONS MODEL
⩥ nurse is concerned w/ both healthy and ill. emphasis on independence
from, and interdependence w/, other health care disciplines is well
recognized. Nurses role= assisting sick or healthy individuals
independence in meeting 14 fundamental needs.. Answer: Henderson's
definition of nursing
, ⩥ person=irreducible whole, the whole being greater than the sum of its
parts. humans=dynamic energy fields in continuous exchange w/
environmental fields. 4D.. Answer: Rogers' science of unitary human
beings
⩥ based on 4 concepts: self-care, self-care agency, self-care
requisites(needs), and therapeutic self-care demand. Answer: Orem's
general theory of nursing*
⩥ relationship of personal systems (individuals), interpersonal systems
(groups such as nurse-client), and social systems (education, health care,
etc). Answer: King's goal attainment theory
⩥ based on the individual's relationship to stress, the reaction to it, and
reconstitution factors that are dynamic in nature. reconstitution is the
state of adaptation to stressors (atom model) intra=infection,
inter=unrealistic role expectations, extra=$ concerns. Answer: Neuman's
systems model*
⩥ the process and outcome whereby the thinking and feeling person uses
conscious awareness and choice to create human and environmental
integration. 4 modes: physiological, self-concept, role function mode,
and interdependence mode.. Answer: Roy's adaptation model
⩥ human caring varies among cultures in its expressions, processes, and
patterns. it is largely culturally derived. focuses on what is univeral
ADVANCED NURSING PRACTICE
COMPREHENSIVE TEST PAPER 2026
QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
⩥ used for fields of study in which the central focus is performance of a
professional role (nursing, teaching, etc). Answer: practice discipline
⩥ a group of related ideas, statements, or concepts. Answer: conceptual
framework
⩥ those that articulate a broad range of the significant relationships
among the concepts of a discipline. Answer: grand theories
⩥ refers to a pattern of shared understandings and assumptions about
reality and the world. they include our notions of reality that are largely
unconscious or taken for granted. Answer: paradigm
⩥ client, environment, health, nursing. Answer: metaparadigm for
nursing
⩥ focus on the exploration of concepts such as pain, self-esteem,
learning, and hardiness. Answer: midlevel theory
,⩥ a belief system, often an early effort to define nursing phenomena,
and serves as the basis for later theoretical formulations. Answer:
philosophy
⩥ Nightingale, Henderson, and Watson. Answer: nursing philosophies
⩥ Neuman, Orem, Rogers, Roy, and King. Answer: nursing models
⩥ Peplau, Leininger, and Parse. Answer: nursing theories
⩥ links health w/ 5 environmental factors: pure or fresh air, pure water,
efficient drainage, cleanliness, and light, especially sunlight. Answer:
Nightingale's environmental theory
⩥ existence of a therapeutic relationship betw the nurse and the client. 4
phases: orientation, identification, exploitation, and resolution. Answer:
PEPLAU'S INTERPERSONAL RELATIONS MODEL
⩥ nurse is concerned w/ both healthy and ill. emphasis on independence
from, and interdependence w/, other health care disciplines is well
recognized. Nurses role= assisting sick or healthy individuals
independence in meeting 14 fundamental needs.. Answer: Henderson's
definition of nursing
, ⩥ person=irreducible whole, the whole being greater than the sum of its
parts. humans=dynamic energy fields in continuous exchange w/
environmental fields. 4D.. Answer: Rogers' science of unitary human
beings
⩥ based on 4 concepts: self-care, self-care agency, self-care
requisites(needs), and therapeutic self-care demand. Answer: Orem's
general theory of nursing*
⩥ relationship of personal systems (individuals), interpersonal systems
(groups such as nurse-client), and social systems (education, health care,
etc). Answer: King's goal attainment theory
⩥ based on the individual's relationship to stress, the reaction to it, and
reconstitution factors that are dynamic in nature. reconstitution is the
state of adaptation to stressors (atom model) intra=infection,
inter=unrealistic role expectations, extra=$ concerns. Answer: Neuman's
systems model*
⩥ the process and outcome whereby the thinking and feeling person uses
conscious awareness and choice to create human and environmental
integration. 4 modes: physiological, self-concept, role function mode,
and interdependence mode.. Answer: Roy's adaptation model
⩥ human caring varies among cultures in its expressions, processes, and
patterns. it is largely culturally derived. focuses on what is univeral
