PEDS Exam 2 UPDATED ACTUAL
Questions and CORRECT Answers
Nursing care of a 9 month old who has recently undergone cleft palate lip repair can be expected to
include feeding with a(n):
a. Plastic spoon
b. Open cup
c. Pigeon bottle
d. Special needs feeder - CORRECT ANSWER -B.
A 3 month old infant is seen in the clinic with the following symptoms: irritability, crying, refusal to nurse
for more than 2-3min, rhinitis, and a rectal temperature of 101.8F (38.8). The labor, delivery and
postpartum history for this term infant is unremarkable. The nurse anticipates a diagnosis of:
a. Acute Otitis Media
b. Otitis Media with effusion (OME)
c. Otitis externa
d. Respiratory syncitial virus (RSV) - CORRECT ANSWER -a.
A child with Croup is placed in a cool mist tent. The mother becomes concerned because the child is
frightened, consistently crying and trying to climb out of the tent. Which is the most appropriate nursing
action?
1. Tell the mother that the child must stay in the tent.
2. Place a toy in the tent to make the child feel more comfortable
3. Call the health care provider and obtain a prescription for a mild sedative
4. Let the mother gold the child and direct the cool mist over the child's face - CORRECT
ANSWER -4.
The mother of a hospitalized 2 year old child with Croup asks the nurse why the health care provider did
not prescribe antibiotics. Which response should the nurse make?
1. The child may be allergic to antibiotics
2. The child is too young to receive antibiotics
,3. Antibiotics are not indicated unless a bacterial infection is present
4. The child still has the maternal antibodies from birth and does not need antibiotics. - CORRECT
ANSWER -3.
An infant has just returned to the nursing unit after surgical repair of a cleft lip on the right side. The
nurse should place the infant in which best position at this time?
1. Prone position
2. On the stomach
3. Left lateral position
4. Right lateral position - CORRECT ANSWER -3.
Which of the following statements about the inheritance of CF is most accurate?
1. CF is an autosomal-dominant trait that is passed on from the child's mother.
2. CF is an autosomal-dominant trait that is passed on from the child's father.
3. The child of parents who are both carriers of the gene for CF has a 50% chance of acquiring CF.
4. The child of a mother who has CF and a father who is a carrier of the gene for CF has a 50% chance of
acquiring CF - CORRECT ANSWER -4. If the child is born to a mother with CF and a father who
is a carrier, the child has a 50% chance of acquiring the disease and a 50% chance of being a carrier of the
disease.
The parent of a 4-month-old with CF asks the nurse what time to begin the child's first CPT each day.
Which is the nurse's best response?
1. "You should do the first CPT 30 minutes before feeding the child breakfast."
2. "You should do the first CPT after deep-suctioning the child each morning."
3. "You should do the first CPT 30 minutes after feeding the child breakfast."
4. "You should do the first CPT only when the child has congestion or coughing." - CORRECT
ANSWER -1. CPT should be done in the morning prior to feeding to avoid the risk of the child
vomiting
The parent of a 10-month-old with CF asks the nurse how to meet the child's increased nutritional needs.
Which is the nurse's best suggestion?
,1. "You may need to increase the number of fresh fruits and vegetables you give your child each day."
2. "You may need to advance your child's diet to whole cow's milk because it is higher in fat than
formula."
3. "You may need to change your child to a higher-calorie formula."
4. "You may need to increase your child's carbohydrate intake each day." - CORRECT ANSWER -
3. Often infants with CF need to have a higher-calorie formula to meet their nutritional needs. Infants may
also be placed on hydrolysate formulas that contain added medium-chain triglycerides.
The parent of an 18-year-old with CF is excited about the possibility of the child receiving a double lung
transplant. What should the parent understand?
1. The transplant will cure the child of CF and allow the child to lead a long and healthy life.
2. The transplant will not cure the child of CF but will allow the child to have a longer life.
3. The transplant will help to reverse the multisystem damage that has already been caused by CF.
4. The transplant will be the child's only chance at surviving long enough to graduate college. -
CORRECT ANSWER -2. A lung transplant does not cure CF, but it does offer the patient an
opportunity to live a longer life. The concerns are that, after the lung transplant, the child is at risk for
rejection of the new organ and for development of secondary infections because of the
immunosuppressive therapy.
A 2-year-old has just been diagnosed with CF. The parents ask the nurse what early respiratory symptoms
they should expect to see in their child. Which is the nurse's best response?
1. "You can expect your child to develop a barrel-shaped chest."
2. "You can expect your child to develop a chronic productive cough."
3. "You can expect your child to develop bronchiectasis."
4. "You can expect your child to develop wheezing respirations." - CORRECT ANSWER -4.
Wheezing respirations and a dry nonproductive cough are common early symptoms in CF.
A female child with CF is hospitalized with constipation. The parent asks the nurse what will need to be
done to relieve the child's constipation. Which is the nurse's best response?
1. "Your child likely has an obstruction and will require surgery."
2. "Your child will likely be given IV fluids to relieve her constipation."
3. "Your child will likely be given GoLYTELY to relieve her constipation."
, 4. "Your child will be placed on a clear liquid diet to relieve her constipation." - CORRECT
ANSWER -3. CF patients with constipation commonly receive a stool softener or an osmotic
solution orally to relieve their constipation.
The parents of a 5-week-old have just been told that their child has CF. The mother had a sister who died
of CF when she was 19 years of age. The parents are sad and ask the nurse several questions about CF
and the current projected life expectancy. What is the nurse's best initial intervention?
1. The nurse should tell the parents that the life expectancy for CF patients has improved significantly in
recent years.
2. The nurse should tell the parents that their child might not follow the same course that the mother's
sister did.
3. The nurse should listen to the parents and tell them that the physician will come to speak to them about
treatment options.
4. The nurse should listen to the parents and be available to them anytime during the day to answer their
questions. - CORRECT ANSWER -4. The nurse's best intervention is to let the parents express
their concerns and fears. The nurse should be available if the parents have any other concerns or questions
or if they just need someone with whom to talk.
A physician diagnoses a school-age child with strep throat and pharyngitis. The child's parent asks the
nurse what treatment the child will need. Which is the nurse's best response?
1. "Your child will be sent home on bedrest and should recover in a few days without any intervention."
2. "Your child will need to have the tonsils removed to prevent future strep infections."
3. "Your child will need oral penicillin for 10 days and should feel better in a few days."
4. "Your child will need to be admitted to the hospital for 5 days of intravenous antibiotics." - CORRECT
ANSWER -3. The child will need a 10-day course of penicillin to treat the strep infection. It is
essential that the nurse always tell the family that, although the child will feel better in a few days, the
entire course of antibiotics must be completed.
A 5-year-old female is diagnosed with pharyngitis. The child is complaining of throat pain. Which of the
following statements by the mother indicates that she needs more education regarding the care and
treatment of her daughter's throat pain?
1. "I will have my daughter gargle with warm saline three times a day."
2. "I will offer my daughter ice chips several times a day."
Questions and CORRECT Answers
Nursing care of a 9 month old who has recently undergone cleft palate lip repair can be expected to
include feeding with a(n):
a. Plastic spoon
b. Open cup
c. Pigeon bottle
d. Special needs feeder - CORRECT ANSWER -B.
A 3 month old infant is seen in the clinic with the following symptoms: irritability, crying, refusal to nurse
for more than 2-3min, rhinitis, and a rectal temperature of 101.8F (38.8). The labor, delivery and
postpartum history for this term infant is unremarkable. The nurse anticipates a diagnosis of:
a. Acute Otitis Media
b. Otitis Media with effusion (OME)
c. Otitis externa
d. Respiratory syncitial virus (RSV) - CORRECT ANSWER -a.
A child with Croup is placed in a cool mist tent. The mother becomes concerned because the child is
frightened, consistently crying and trying to climb out of the tent. Which is the most appropriate nursing
action?
1. Tell the mother that the child must stay in the tent.
2. Place a toy in the tent to make the child feel more comfortable
3. Call the health care provider and obtain a prescription for a mild sedative
4. Let the mother gold the child and direct the cool mist over the child's face - CORRECT
ANSWER -4.
The mother of a hospitalized 2 year old child with Croup asks the nurse why the health care provider did
not prescribe antibiotics. Which response should the nurse make?
1. The child may be allergic to antibiotics
2. The child is too young to receive antibiotics
,3. Antibiotics are not indicated unless a bacterial infection is present
4. The child still has the maternal antibodies from birth and does not need antibiotics. - CORRECT
ANSWER -3.
An infant has just returned to the nursing unit after surgical repair of a cleft lip on the right side. The
nurse should place the infant in which best position at this time?
1. Prone position
2. On the stomach
3. Left lateral position
4. Right lateral position - CORRECT ANSWER -3.
Which of the following statements about the inheritance of CF is most accurate?
1. CF is an autosomal-dominant trait that is passed on from the child's mother.
2. CF is an autosomal-dominant trait that is passed on from the child's father.
3. The child of parents who are both carriers of the gene for CF has a 50% chance of acquiring CF.
4. The child of a mother who has CF and a father who is a carrier of the gene for CF has a 50% chance of
acquiring CF - CORRECT ANSWER -4. If the child is born to a mother with CF and a father who
is a carrier, the child has a 50% chance of acquiring the disease and a 50% chance of being a carrier of the
disease.
The parent of a 4-month-old with CF asks the nurse what time to begin the child's first CPT each day.
Which is the nurse's best response?
1. "You should do the first CPT 30 minutes before feeding the child breakfast."
2. "You should do the first CPT after deep-suctioning the child each morning."
3. "You should do the first CPT 30 minutes after feeding the child breakfast."
4. "You should do the first CPT only when the child has congestion or coughing." - CORRECT
ANSWER -1. CPT should be done in the morning prior to feeding to avoid the risk of the child
vomiting
The parent of a 10-month-old with CF asks the nurse how to meet the child's increased nutritional needs.
Which is the nurse's best suggestion?
,1. "You may need to increase the number of fresh fruits and vegetables you give your child each day."
2. "You may need to advance your child's diet to whole cow's milk because it is higher in fat than
formula."
3. "You may need to change your child to a higher-calorie formula."
4. "You may need to increase your child's carbohydrate intake each day." - CORRECT ANSWER -
3. Often infants with CF need to have a higher-calorie formula to meet their nutritional needs. Infants may
also be placed on hydrolysate formulas that contain added medium-chain triglycerides.
The parent of an 18-year-old with CF is excited about the possibility of the child receiving a double lung
transplant. What should the parent understand?
1. The transplant will cure the child of CF and allow the child to lead a long and healthy life.
2. The transplant will not cure the child of CF but will allow the child to have a longer life.
3. The transplant will help to reverse the multisystem damage that has already been caused by CF.
4. The transplant will be the child's only chance at surviving long enough to graduate college. -
CORRECT ANSWER -2. A lung transplant does not cure CF, but it does offer the patient an
opportunity to live a longer life. The concerns are that, after the lung transplant, the child is at risk for
rejection of the new organ and for development of secondary infections because of the
immunosuppressive therapy.
A 2-year-old has just been diagnosed with CF. The parents ask the nurse what early respiratory symptoms
they should expect to see in their child. Which is the nurse's best response?
1. "You can expect your child to develop a barrel-shaped chest."
2. "You can expect your child to develop a chronic productive cough."
3. "You can expect your child to develop bronchiectasis."
4. "You can expect your child to develop wheezing respirations." - CORRECT ANSWER -4.
Wheezing respirations and a dry nonproductive cough are common early symptoms in CF.
A female child with CF is hospitalized with constipation. The parent asks the nurse what will need to be
done to relieve the child's constipation. Which is the nurse's best response?
1. "Your child likely has an obstruction and will require surgery."
2. "Your child will likely be given IV fluids to relieve her constipation."
3. "Your child will likely be given GoLYTELY to relieve her constipation."
, 4. "Your child will be placed on a clear liquid diet to relieve her constipation." - CORRECT
ANSWER -3. CF patients with constipation commonly receive a stool softener or an osmotic
solution orally to relieve their constipation.
The parents of a 5-week-old have just been told that their child has CF. The mother had a sister who died
of CF when she was 19 years of age. The parents are sad and ask the nurse several questions about CF
and the current projected life expectancy. What is the nurse's best initial intervention?
1. The nurse should tell the parents that the life expectancy for CF patients has improved significantly in
recent years.
2. The nurse should tell the parents that their child might not follow the same course that the mother's
sister did.
3. The nurse should listen to the parents and tell them that the physician will come to speak to them about
treatment options.
4. The nurse should listen to the parents and be available to them anytime during the day to answer their
questions. - CORRECT ANSWER -4. The nurse's best intervention is to let the parents express
their concerns and fears. The nurse should be available if the parents have any other concerns or questions
or if they just need someone with whom to talk.
A physician diagnoses a school-age child with strep throat and pharyngitis. The child's parent asks the
nurse what treatment the child will need. Which is the nurse's best response?
1. "Your child will be sent home on bedrest and should recover in a few days without any intervention."
2. "Your child will need to have the tonsils removed to prevent future strep infections."
3. "Your child will need oral penicillin for 10 days and should feel better in a few days."
4. "Your child will need to be admitted to the hospital for 5 days of intravenous antibiotics." - CORRECT
ANSWER -3. The child will need a 10-day course of penicillin to treat the strep infection. It is
essential that the nurse always tell the family that, although the child will feel better in a few days, the
entire course of antibiotics must be completed.
A 5-year-old female is diagnosed with pharyngitis. The child is complaining of throat pain. Which of the
following statements by the mother indicates that she needs more education regarding the care and
treatment of her daughter's throat pain?
1. "I will have my daughter gargle with warm saline three times a day."
2. "I will offer my daughter ice chips several times a day."
