NSG 202 Exam 1 Flashcard Deck With
Complete Solutions
AKI
sudden, reversible
who is at risk? - ANSWER over 65
kidney problem
long term disease like hf liver disease diabetes
nephrotoxic medications or contrast dye
infection
recent surgery/illness
injury like in sports or car crash
Prerenal causes - before the kidney
what are they? - ANSWER MI
deyhydration
burns
bleeding internally or externally
anything blood or cardiac is prerenal sepsis
Intrarenal causes - in the kidney
what are they? - ANSWER nephrotoxins
infection
injury to kidney
acute tubular necrosis
Nephrotoxic drugs: - ANSWER NSAIDS, antiobiotic "aminoglycosides", chemo
drugs, contrast dye
Postrenal causes - after the kidney
what are they? - ANSWER renal calculi
enlarged prostate
bladder issues
what lab is SOLELY filtered by the glomerulus? - ANSWER creatinine
what does an increase in creatinine indicate? - ANSWER a decrease in kidney
function
what is the GFR and what does it tell us? - ANSWER glomerular filtration rate,
tells us how well kidney is functioning
, what is the normal GFR? - ANSWER >90 mL/min
when the GFR goes down, what happens to...
the UOP?
the water in the body?
waste in the body?
electrolytes?
...and why? - ANSWER UOP: ↓ = oliguria
H20: ^ bc unable to excrete = htn, edema
Waste: increases bc unable to excrete = azatemia, acidosis
electrolytes: imbalances.
- phosphate ^ calcium ↓
- hyperkalemia: K+ ^
what is BUN and what does it tell us? - ANSWER blood urea nitrogen
how much waste is in your blood
normal creatinine level - ANSWER 0.5-1.5 mg/dL
normal BUN level - ANSWER 5-20 mg/dL
AKI STAGES
how many?
what is the order? - ANSWER 4
Initiation phase
oliguric phase
diuresis stage
recovery stage
Initiation Phase (1)
symptoms?
what happens to labs?
what's our goal as nurses?
duration? - ANSWER symptoms:
- it starts with cause to kidney, ends when s+s appear (so none)
n/a
goal: must find cause and correct it to prevent long term damage to nephron
Oliguric Phase (2)
does everyone go through this phase?
symptoms?
what happens to labs?
other problems?
duration?
goal as nurses? - ANSWER no, some people skip to diuresis
Complete Solutions
AKI
sudden, reversible
who is at risk? - ANSWER over 65
kidney problem
long term disease like hf liver disease diabetes
nephrotoxic medications or contrast dye
infection
recent surgery/illness
injury like in sports or car crash
Prerenal causes - before the kidney
what are they? - ANSWER MI
deyhydration
burns
bleeding internally or externally
anything blood or cardiac is prerenal sepsis
Intrarenal causes - in the kidney
what are they? - ANSWER nephrotoxins
infection
injury to kidney
acute tubular necrosis
Nephrotoxic drugs: - ANSWER NSAIDS, antiobiotic "aminoglycosides", chemo
drugs, contrast dye
Postrenal causes - after the kidney
what are they? - ANSWER renal calculi
enlarged prostate
bladder issues
what lab is SOLELY filtered by the glomerulus? - ANSWER creatinine
what does an increase in creatinine indicate? - ANSWER a decrease in kidney
function
what is the GFR and what does it tell us? - ANSWER glomerular filtration rate,
tells us how well kidney is functioning
, what is the normal GFR? - ANSWER >90 mL/min
when the GFR goes down, what happens to...
the UOP?
the water in the body?
waste in the body?
electrolytes?
...and why? - ANSWER UOP: ↓ = oliguria
H20: ^ bc unable to excrete = htn, edema
Waste: increases bc unable to excrete = azatemia, acidosis
electrolytes: imbalances.
- phosphate ^ calcium ↓
- hyperkalemia: K+ ^
what is BUN and what does it tell us? - ANSWER blood urea nitrogen
how much waste is in your blood
normal creatinine level - ANSWER 0.5-1.5 mg/dL
normal BUN level - ANSWER 5-20 mg/dL
AKI STAGES
how many?
what is the order? - ANSWER 4
Initiation phase
oliguric phase
diuresis stage
recovery stage
Initiation Phase (1)
symptoms?
what happens to labs?
what's our goal as nurses?
duration? - ANSWER symptoms:
- it starts with cause to kidney, ends when s+s appear (so none)
n/a
goal: must find cause and correct it to prevent long term damage to nephron
Oliguric Phase (2)
does everyone go through this phase?
symptoms?
what happens to labs?
other problems?
duration?
goal as nurses? - ANSWER no, some people skip to diuresis
