PUBH 6003 QUIZ 4 FINAL PAPER
QUESTIONS ANSWERS COMPREHENSIVE
STUDY RESOURCE
●● healthy heart
Answer: -size of clenched fist; 11 oz
-consists of 3 layers of tissue
(epicardium, endocardium, myocardium)
●● Cardiovascular Disease (CVD)
Answer: Disorders of the heart and blood vessel system, including
stroke and coronary heart disease
●● Coronary Heart Disease (CHD)
Answer: Chronic disease in which the arteries that supply the
heart become narrowed or clogged
●● atherosclerosis
Answer: -A common disease in which
cholesterol and other fats are
deposited on the walls of
,coronary arteries
- Caused by chronic
inflammation and activation
of the immune system.
●● arteriosclerosis
Answer: The coronary arteries lose their
elasticity and are unable to
expand and contract as blood
flows through them
- Ischaemia: a restriction of blood
flow to the heart
●● angina pectoris
Answer: Condition of extreme chest pain caused by a restriction of the
blood
supply to the heart; ischemia
●● myocardial infarction
Answer: Heart attack; the permanent death of heart tissue in response to
an interruption of blood supply
●● stroke
,Answer: -Cerebrovascular event that results in damage to the brain
-due to lack of oxygen; usually caused by atherosclerosis or
arteriosclerosis
hemorrhagic stroke; aneurysm, ischemic stroke
●● Is CVD caused by controllable or uncontrollable risks?
Answer: both
●● uncontrollable CVD risk factors
Answer: Family History and Advancing Age Predict CVD
▸ Heart attacks before age 55 for close male relatives and before age 65
for close female relatives
▸ Hypertension
●● uncontrollable CVD risk factors
Answer: Gender
▸ Sharp rise in CVD risk for men after 40; low for women until
menopause (unless smokers)
▸ Difference in CVD mortality may be related to differences in
testosterone and estrogen
▸ Gender risk not worldwide; findings point to lifestyle factors rather
than biology
, ●● controllable CVD risk factors
Answer: Working toward lowering blood pressure
For every one point drop in blood pressure, there is an
estimated 2% to 3% reduction of a heart attack risk
▸ Healthy coping to lower stress
Stress during adolescence research
▸ Eating healthy diet
▸ Exercising regularly
▸ Maintaining normal body weight
●● Cardiovascular Reactivity
Answer: Individual's characteristic reaction to stress
●● hemostasis
Answer: too little or too much blood clotting
●● Inflammation
Answer: chronic inflammation increases risk of atherosclerosis
●● obesity
Answer: Abdominal obesity promotes the greatest risk of CVD
QUESTIONS ANSWERS COMPREHENSIVE
STUDY RESOURCE
●● healthy heart
Answer: -size of clenched fist; 11 oz
-consists of 3 layers of tissue
(epicardium, endocardium, myocardium)
●● Cardiovascular Disease (CVD)
Answer: Disorders of the heart and blood vessel system, including
stroke and coronary heart disease
●● Coronary Heart Disease (CHD)
Answer: Chronic disease in which the arteries that supply the
heart become narrowed or clogged
●● atherosclerosis
Answer: -A common disease in which
cholesterol and other fats are
deposited on the walls of
,coronary arteries
- Caused by chronic
inflammation and activation
of the immune system.
●● arteriosclerosis
Answer: The coronary arteries lose their
elasticity and are unable to
expand and contract as blood
flows through them
- Ischaemia: a restriction of blood
flow to the heart
●● angina pectoris
Answer: Condition of extreme chest pain caused by a restriction of the
blood
supply to the heart; ischemia
●● myocardial infarction
Answer: Heart attack; the permanent death of heart tissue in response to
an interruption of blood supply
●● stroke
,Answer: -Cerebrovascular event that results in damage to the brain
-due to lack of oxygen; usually caused by atherosclerosis or
arteriosclerosis
hemorrhagic stroke; aneurysm, ischemic stroke
●● Is CVD caused by controllable or uncontrollable risks?
Answer: both
●● uncontrollable CVD risk factors
Answer: Family History and Advancing Age Predict CVD
▸ Heart attacks before age 55 for close male relatives and before age 65
for close female relatives
▸ Hypertension
●● uncontrollable CVD risk factors
Answer: Gender
▸ Sharp rise in CVD risk for men after 40; low for women until
menopause (unless smokers)
▸ Difference in CVD mortality may be related to differences in
testosterone and estrogen
▸ Gender risk not worldwide; findings point to lifestyle factors rather
than biology
, ●● controllable CVD risk factors
Answer: Working toward lowering blood pressure
For every one point drop in blood pressure, there is an
estimated 2% to 3% reduction of a heart attack risk
▸ Healthy coping to lower stress
Stress during adolescence research
▸ Eating healthy diet
▸ Exercising regularly
▸ Maintaining normal body weight
●● Cardiovascular Reactivity
Answer: Individual's characteristic reaction to stress
●● hemostasis
Answer: too little or too much blood clotting
●● Inflammation
Answer: chronic inflammation increases risk of atherosclerosis
●● obesity
Answer: Abdominal obesity promotes the greatest risk of CVD
