Antigen Binding Sites & Their Genetics | Immunology Notes PDF

Topic
Presented by
Antigen
❖ Md. Nafizur Rahman 2210968138

Binding
Sites
& Presented To ,
Their Prof. Dr. Md. Thoufic Anam Azad
Sub: Immunology and Serology

Genetics
VAS : 323

, Antigen Binding Sites
&
Their Genetics


That’s an important and slightly advanced part of
immunology—
basically about how antibodies (immunoglobulins) and T-cell
receptors recognize antigens, and how their binding sites are
generated genetically.

, OVERVIEW
❖ Antigen Binding Site
❖ Methods of Generating Antibody Diversity
❖ VJ and VDJ gene recombination
❖ Base deletion
❖ Base insertion
❖ Somatic mutation
❖ Combinatorial association
❖ Gene conversion
❖ Receptor editing
❖ Methods of Generating TCR Diversity
❖ VJ, VJJ, VDJ, and VDDJ gene recombination
❖ Base deletion
❖ Base insertion
❖ Combinatorial association
❖ Epigenetic Regulation
❖ Comparison: Antibody vs TCR Binding Sites
❖ Conclusion

, What is an Antigen?

• Definition: A molecule capable of inducing an
immune response.

• Types:
• Exogenous (bacteria, viruses, toxins)
• Endogenous (infected cells, tumor antigens)
• Autoantigens (self-antigens in autoimmunity)

• Only epitopes (small regions) are recognized.

Notes:
“Think of an antigen as a whole book, but the immune system only reads a few words—the epitopes.”